Skeletal System Quiz - Anatomy

The point where two or more bones meet.

The upper part of the sternum, shaped like a keyhole, that articulates with the clavicle.

The largest part of the breastbone.

The lower, smallest part of the breastbone.

The bones that make up the shoulder girdle, allowing attachment of the upper limbs to the trunk.

A bone that connects the sternum to the scapula, forming the shoulder joint.

A triangular bone that lies on the back, forming a part of the shoulder joint.

The bone in the upper arm.

The two bones in the forearm.

The eight bones of the wrist.

Joints that allow for free movement. These are characterized by a fluid-filled joint cavity, articular cartilage covering the bony surfaces, and synovial fluid for lubrication.

The strong, fibrous tissue that connects bones in a joint.

A type of joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. It is immobile or slightly movable.

A type of joint where bones are held together by dense connective tissue. These are known as 'immovable' joints.

A type of fibrous joint where bones are connected by a rigid cartilaginous bridge.

A type of fibrous joint where a tooth is attached to a bony socket by periodontal ligaments.

A type of cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. An example is the first rib and manubrium.

A type of cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline or flat fibrocartilage. An example is the intervertebral discs between vertebrae.

The skeletal system provides structural support for the body, enabling movement, protecting vital organs, and storing essential minerals.

Compact bone is dense and strong, forming the outer layer of most bones. It contains osteons, cylindrical units made up of concentric layers of bone tissue.

Spongy bone is lighter and less dense than compact bone, containing a network of bony spicules called trabeculae. These spicules help distribute stress evenly throughout the bone.

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells responsible for synthesizing new bone matrix, the organic component of bone. They contribute to new bone growth.

Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for breaking down old or damaged bone tissue. They are important for bone remodeling and calcium regulation.

Intramembranous ossification is a process where bone develops directly from mesenchymal tissue without a cartilage precursor. It forms flat bones like those of the skull.

Endochondral ossification is bone formation that starts with a cartilage model, which is gradually replaced by bone. It's responsible for the development of long bones.

The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. It supports the head, neck, and trunk. It also protects vital organs.

The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs (arms and legs), pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle. It is responsible for movement, balance, and interaction with the environment.

Fracture repair is a complex process that involves multiple stages, including the formation of a hematoma (blood clot), an external callus (new tissue), and an internal callus (bone replacement).

Joints that allow movement in one plane only. Think of a door hinge!

These joints allow movement in two planes. They're like a saddle, allowing movement up and down and side to side.

These joints are the most mobile, allowing movement in all directions. Like a ball in a socket!

Tough, inelastic tissue connecting muscles to bones. They allow for muscle movement and limit muscle extension.

These joints, found between vertebrae, are stabilized by ligaments and cushioned by discs. They allow for limited gliding movements.

The joint between the humerus and scapula, allowing for the largest range of motion in the body. It's sacrificed for mobility.

This joint allows for flexion and extension of the arm at the elbow, like a door hinge. It's strengthened by ligaments.

This joint, connecting the femur to the pelvis, allows for a wide range of motion. It's stabilized by numerous ligaments.

This joint acts as a hinge, allowing flexion and extension of the knee. It's also supported by ligaments.

Bones in the arm. The radius is located on the thumb side of the forearm, and the ulna is on the pinky side. It is essential for movements such as pronation and supination of the hand.

Bones in the thigh. The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the body, located on the upper leg. The tibia is the shin bone, and the fibula is the smaller bone along the side of the tibia. They support weight and allow for movement.

Cube-shaped bones found in the wrists and ankles. Examples include the carpals in the hands and the tarsals in the feet. Their shape allows for various movements and provides stability.

Thin, flattened bones that form the skull, breastbone, shoulder blades, and ribs. Their shape provides protection for internal organs and offers large surface areas for muscle attachment.

Bones with complex shapes that serve specific functions. The vertebrae that make up the spine and the pelvic bone are examples. Their irregular shape allows for flexibility, support, and protection.

Small, flat, and sesame seed-shaped bones embedded in tendons. The patella (kneecap) is the most prominent example. They help to reduce friction and increase leverage during joint movement.

Small, flat, irregularly shaped bones found between the flat bones of the skull. They help to interlock cranial bones and provide flexibility during growth.

The part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. It provides support and protects vital organs.

The part of the skeleton that includes the shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, upper limbs, and lower limbs. It helps with movement and connects to the axial skeleton.

A narrow slit between adjacent bones that allows blood vessels (BV) and nerves to pass through. For example, the superior orbital fissure allows blood vessels and nerves to reach the eye.

A round opening in bone that permits blood vessels and nerves to pass through. Examples include the mental foramen in the mandible, allowing for nerves to reach the chin.

A shallow depression on the surface of a bone. For example, the lacrimal fossa is a shallow depression in the lacrimal bone that houses the lacrimal sac.

A furrow or groove along a bone surface that accommodates blood vessels, nerves, and tendons. The intertubucular sulcus of the humerus is an example.

A tube-like opening in a bone. The external auditory meatus of the temporal bone is an example, allowing sound waves to travel to the eardrum.

A large rounded prominence on a bone, often found at the end of bones that form joints. For example, the lateral condyle of the femur helps form the knee joint.

A smooth, flat articular surface on a bone that forms a joint with another bone. For example, the superior articular facet of a vertebrae helps form a joint between vertebrae.