Skeletal System Overview

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Questions and Answers

How many total bones are in the human skeletal system?

300

206 (correct)

126

Which category of bones is NOT included in the six categories of bone based on shape?

Flat bones

Sutural bones

Long bones

Volcanic bones (correct)

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?

To form the longitudinal axis of the body.

What is another name for surface markings on bones?

Bone features. Signup and view all the answers

The ______ connects the head and diaphysis of a bone.

neck Signup and view all the answers

The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the skull.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone is the patella?

Sesamoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bone features with their descriptions:

Head = Expanded proximal end of a bone that forms part of a joint Diaphysis = Elongated body of a long bone Process = Any projection or bump Tuberosity = Small, rough projection that takes up a broad area Signup and view all the answers

How many total bones are in the skeletal system?

206 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?

Skull Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of elevations or projections on bones?

Attachment sites for tendons and ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What are the six categories of bone based on shape?

Flat bones, sutural bones, long bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones, short bones. Signup and view all the answers

The appendicular skeleton contains 80 bones.

False Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is the elongated body of a long bone.

diaphysis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bone categories with their descriptions:

Flat bones = Thin, flattened bones, often curved Sutural bones = Small bones found within cranial sutures Long bones = Length greater than width, used for leverage Irregular bones = Complex shapes that do not fit into other categories Sesamoid bones = Bones embedded in tendons Short bones = Approximately equal in length and width Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Skeletal System

The skeletal system is comprised of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and other connective tissues.
The skeletal system is divided into two parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones and forms the body's longitudinal axis.
The axial skeleton consists of bones of the skull, thorax, and vertebral column.
The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones.
The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the limbs and girdles (pectoral and pelvic).

Bone Classification and Surface Markings

Bones are classified into six categories based on shape: flat, sutural, long, irregular, sesamoid, and short.
Flat bones are thin, flattened, and often curved.
Sutural bones are small, irregular bones found between flat bones of the skull.
Long bones are longer than they are wide.
Irregular bones have complex shapes.
Sesamoid bones are small, round bones found embedded in tendons.
Short bones are roughly cube-shaped.
Surface markings on bones are called bone features and serve particular functions.
Projections on bones are sites for tendon and ligament attachment.
Projections on bones are also found at joints where adjacent bones articulate.
Depressions, grooves, tunnels, and openings on bones allow blood vessels and nerves to travel alongside or penetrate the bone.
The head of a bone is the expanded proximal end that forms part of a joint.
The diaphysis is the elongated body of a long bone.
The neck of a bone is the narrow connection between the head and diaphysis.
Elevations or projections on bones are known as processes.
A tubercle is a small, rounded projection.
A tuberosity is a small, rough projection that takes up a broad area.
A trochlea is a smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley.
A condyle is a smooth, rounded articular process.

Skeletal System Components

The human skeletal system consists of approximately 206 bones, cartilage, ligaments and other connective tissues.
The skeletal system is divided into two parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

Axial Skeleton

The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones which form the longitudinal axis of the body.
Bones include the skull, thorax, and vertebral column.

Appendicular Skeleton

The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones which are the bones of the limbs and the girdles (pectoral and pelvic) that attach them to the axial skeleton.

Bone Classification

Bones are classified into six categories based on shape: flat, sutural, long, irregular, sesamoid, and short.

Flat Bones

Flat bones are thin and curved bones, examples include the parietal bone, the scapula, the ribs, and the sternum.

Sutural Bones

Sutural bones are small, irregular bones found between the flat bones of the skull.

Long Bones

Long bones are longer than they are wide, they have a shaft with expanded ends.
Examples include the femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, radius, ulna, and the phalanges.

Irregular Bones

Irregular bones have complex shapes that do not fit into other categories.
Examples of irregular bones include the vertebrae, the hip bones, and some facial bones.

Sesamoid Bones

Sesamoid bones are small, round bones that are found embedded within tendons.
The patella (kneecap) is an example of a sesamoid bone.

Short Bones

Short bones are roughly cube-shaped bones.
Examples include the carpals (bones in the wrist) and the tarsals (bones in the ankle).

Bone Surface Markings

Bone surface markings are projections, depressions, and openings that are related to specific functions.

Bone Features

Elevations/projections:
- Found where tendons and ligaments attach to bones.
- Also present at joints where adjacent bones articulate.
Depressions/grooves/tunnels/openings:
- Provide sites for blood vessels or nerves to lie alongside or penetrate bone.

General Bone Surface Markings

Head: Expanded proximal end of a bone that forms part of a joint.
Diaphysis (shaft): Elongated body of a long bone.
Neck: Narrow connection between the head and diaphysis of a bone.

Elevations or Projections

Process: Any projection or bump.
Tubercle: Small, rounded projection.
Tuberosity: Small, rough projection that takes up a broad area.
Trochlea: Smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley.
Condyle: Smooth, rounded articular process.

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Description

This quiz covers the skeletal system, including its components and classifications. Learn about the differences between the axial and appendicular skeletons, as well as the various types of bones based on shape. Test your knowledge of bone structure and surface markings.