Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two major divisions of the adult human skeleton?
What are the two major divisions of the adult human skeleton?
- Longitudinal and Transverse
- Axial and Appendicular (correct)
- Epidermis and Dermis
- Periosteal and Endosteal
Which type of bone is characterized as being longer than it is wide?
Which type of bone is characterized as being longer than it is wide?
- Long bones (correct)
- Short bones
- Irregular bones
- Flat bones
What is the main function of bone markings on the surfaces of bones?
What is the main function of bone markings on the surfaces of bones?
- To act as a reservoir for minerals
- To enhance the aesthetic appearance of bones
- To increase the density of the bones
- To serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments (correct)
What type of lamella is found within Haversian systems?
What type of lamella is found within Haversian systems?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of bone shape?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of bone shape?
Which type of bone is typically longer than it is wide?
Which type of bone is typically longer than it is wide?
What shape do short bones resemble in their dimensions?
What shape do short bones resemble in their dimensions?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of flat bones?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of flat bones?
Sesamoid bones are typically found within which anatomical structure?
Sesamoid bones are typically found within which anatomical structure?
What term describes a rounded projection on a bone?
What term describes a rounded projection on a bone?
At what age do fontanels in the developing skull typically close?
At what age do fontanels in the developing skull typically close?
Which pelvis feature is true for females compared to males?
Which pelvis feature is true for females compared to males?
What is the primary role of sinuses found in some skull bones?
What is the primary role of sinuses found in some skull bones?
Which bone is located in the upper arm?
Which bone is located in the upper arm?
What color is assigned to the phalanges in the coloring activity?
What color is assigned to the phalanges in the coloring activity?
Which two structures comprise the forearm?
Which two structures comprise the forearm?
Which carpal bone is colored in purple?
Which carpal bone is colored in purple?
What color are the metatarsals designated for in the activity?
What color are the metatarsals designated for in the activity?
What is the anatomical term for the inner part of the elbow joint?
What is the anatomical term for the inner part of the elbow joint?
Which structure is found at the distal end of the radius?
Which structure is found at the distal end of the radius?
What color is the calcaneus assigned for the coloring activity?
What color is the calcaneus assigned for the coloring activity?
Which bone is classified as an axial bone?
Which bone is classified as an axial bone?
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?
Which region of the vertebral column is correctly matched to the number of vertebrae it contains?
Which region of the vertebral column is correctly matched to the number of vertebrae it contains?
What color should all appendicular bones be colored in during the labeling activity?
What color should all appendicular bones be colored in during the labeling activity?
Which of the following bones is found in the facial structure?
Which of the following bones is found in the facial structure?
Which of the following is false regarding true ribs?
Which of the following is false regarding true ribs?
Which type of bones are the humerus and femur classified as?
Which type of bones are the humerus and femur classified as?
Which bone forms the lower jaw?
Which bone forms the lower jaw?
What structure is the point of attachment for true ribs at the front?
What structure is the point of attachment for true ribs at the front?
Which of the following bones contributes to the formation of the nasal cavity?
Which of the following bones contributes to the formation of the nasal cavity?
Which structure is located at the head of the femur?
Which structure is located at the head of the femur?
What is the name of the joint that connects the sacrum to the pelvis?
What is the name of the joint that connects the sacrum to the pelvis?
Which area of the pelvis is referred to as the pelvic inlet?
Which area of the pelvis is referred to as the pelvic inlet?
Which bone is referred to as the medial malleolus?
Which bone is referred to as the medial malleolus?
Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for absorbing shock in the foot?
Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for absorbing shock in the foot?
What is the primary function of the patellar groove?
What is the primary function of the patellar groove?
Which structure is involved in the formation of the hip joint?
Which structure is involved in the formation of the hip joint?
Which component of the lower leg is lateral to the tibia?
Which component of the lower leg is lateral to the tibia?
Study Notes
Axial vs Appendicular Skeleton
- The human skeleton has 206 bones.
- Two divisions:
- Axial: along the body's longitudinal axis; Includes skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum
- Appendicular: Includes pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, upper and lower appendages
Bone Types
- Long bones: Longer than wide; e.g., bones of the arm, forearm, fingers, thigh, leg
- Short bones: Roughly equal in all dimensions; e.g., carpal bones, tarsal bones
- Flat bones: Thin, flattened, usually curved; e.g., ribs, scapulae, cranium, sternum
- Irregular bones: Do not fit into other categories e.g., vertebrae, pelvic girdle, facial bones
- Sesamoid bones: Found within a tendon; e.g., patella
Bone Markings
- Tubercle: Rounded projection
- Process: Sharp projection
- Foramen: Opening for nerves and blood vessels
- Sinuses: Air spaces in skull bones
Axial Skeleton: Fontanels
- Fontanels are membrane-covered spaces between developing skull bones.
- They are larger in infants as these bones have not yet ossified.
- Bones grow together, and all fontanels are usually closed by 2 years of age.
Appendicular Skeleton: Pelvis
- Male: More massive due to body size and weight bearing, Pelvic inlet and outlet are smaller because of the different roles of the pelvis.
- Female: Pelvic inlet and outlet are broader to accommodate childbirth, subpubic angle is greater than 90 degrees.
Vertebral Column
- Contains 5 regions: Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal.
Sternum
- Has 3 parts:
- Manubrium
- Body
- Xiphoid process
Ribs
- True ribs: Attached directly to the sternum via costal cartilage.
- False ribs: Indirectly attached to the sternum through costal cartilage.
- Floating ribs: No connection to the sternum, they are short and attached only to the vertebral column.
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Description
Explore the human skeletal system's structure with this quiz focusing on the axial and appendicular skeletons. Learn about different bone types, their classifications, and important bone markings. Test your knowledge on fontanels and their significance in developing skull bones.
