Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the definition of the term 'axial'?
What is the definition of the term 'axial'?
- Bones of the shoulder, pelvis, upper and lower leg extremities
- Skeletal structure of the head, neck, and trunk (correct)
- Bones of the arms and legs
- Bones of the hands and feet
What is the definition of the term 'appendicular'?
What is the definition of the term 'appendicular'?
- Bones of the shoulder, pelvis, upper and lower leg extremities (correct)
- Bones of the arms and legs
- Bones of the hands and feet
- Skeletal structure of the head, neck, and trunk
What is the definition of the term 'compact'?
What is the definition of the term 'compact'?
- Soft, spongy bone tissue
- Tissue found in growth plates
- Hard, dense bone tissue (correct)
- Tissue containing many small spaces
What is the definition of the term 'spongy'?
What is the definition of the term 'spongy'?
Long bones are wider than they are long.
Long bones are wider than they are long.
Short bones are found in the wrist and ankles.
Short bones are found in the wrist and ankles.
Which of the following types of bones are thin, flattened, and usually curved?
Which of the following types of bones are thin, flattened, and usually curved?
Flashcards
Axial Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
The skeletal framework of the head, neck, and trunk. It provides support for the body and protects vital organs.
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
The skeletal framework that includes the limbs, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle. It enables movement and locomotion.
Compact Bone
Compact Bone
The hard, dense outer layer of bone that provides strength and support. It's like the 'shell' of the bone.
Spongy Bone
Spongy Bone
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Long Bones
Long Bones
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Short Bones
Short Bones
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Flat Bones
Flat Bones
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Irregular Bones
Irregular Bones
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Diaphysis
Diaphysis
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Epiphysis
Epiphysis
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Periosteum
Periosteum
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Medullary Cavity
Medullary Cavity
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Epiphyseal Plate
Epiphyseal Plate
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Epiphyseal Line
Epiphyseal Line
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Projections
Projections
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Depressions and Openings
Depressions and Openings
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Fibrous Joints
Fibrous Joints
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Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilaginous Joints
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Synovial Joints
Synovial Joints
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Ligaments
Ligaments
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Tendons
Tendons
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Synovial Fluid
Synovial Fluid
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Hyaline Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
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Bursitis
Bursitis
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Sprain
Sprain
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Study Notes
Skeletal System Overview
- Axial Skeleton: Forms the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk.
- Appendicular Skeleton: Comprises bones of the shoulders, pelvis, and upper and lower limbs.
- Bone Types:
- Compact Bone: Dense, strong outer layer of bones.
- Spongy Bone: Porous inner layer, stores minerals and marrow.
- Long Bones: Longer than wide (e.g., femur).
- Short Bones: Cube-shaped (e.g., wrist and ankle bones).
- Flat Bones: Thin, flattened, and usually curved (e.g., skull bones).
- Irregular Bones: Complex shapes (e.g., vertebrae, facial bones).
- Long Bone Structure:
- Diaphysis: The shaft of a long bone.
- Epiphysis: The end of a long bone.
- Periosteum: Connective tissue covering the outer surface of the bone.
- Medullary Cavity: Space within the diaphysis filled with bone marrow.
- Epiphyseal Plate: Growth plate (present in growing bones); replaced by epiphyseal line in adults.
- Bone Projections and Depressions:
- Projections: Bone outgrowths (e.g., tuberosity, spine, trochanter, crest, head, facet, condyle, ramus).
- Depressions and Openings: Bone indentations (e.g., fossa, foramen, meatus).
- Joints:
- Fibrous Joints: Immovable; connected by fibrous tissue (e.g., skull sutures).
- Cartilaginous Joints: Slightly movable; connected by cartilage (e.g., vertebrae).
- Synovial Joints: Freely movable; enclosed in a joint capsule.
- Types of Synovial Joints: Ball and socket (shoulder and hip), hinge (elbow and knee), pivot (atlantoaxial joint), condyloid (wrist), plane (intercarpal joints), saddle (carpometacarpal joint of thumb).
- Supporting Tissues:
- Ligaments: Connect bone to bone.
- Tendons: Connect muscle to bone.
- Synovial Fluid: Lubricates synovial joints.
- Hyaline Cartilage: Covers ends of bones in synovial joints; important for smooth movement.
- Bone Injuries and Diseases:
- Bursitis: Inflammation of a bursa (fluid-filled sac).
- Sprain: Injury to a ligament.
- Arthritis: Inflammation of joints.
- Osteoarthritis: Degenerative joint disease.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disorder attacking joint cartilage.
- Gout: Arthritis caused by uric acid buildup.
- Osteoporosis: Bone loss leading to fragility.
- Rickets: Vitamin D deficiency in children causing bone deformities.
- Bone Fractures: Broken bones categorized by type (simple, compound, comminuted, compression, depressed, impacted, spiral, greenstick).
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Description
Explore the key components and structure of the skeletal system in this informative quiz. Gain insights into the axial and appendicular skeletons, different types of bones, and the detailed anatomy of long bones. Ideal for students studying human anatomy.