Six Major Theoretical Perspectives in Psychology

Questions and Answers

Which of the following are the six theoretical perspectives in psychology? (Select all that apply)

Psychoanalytic (correct)

Cognitive (correct)

Sociocultural (correct)

Behaviorism (correct)

Humanistic (correct)

Biological (correct)

What is Behaviorism also known as?

Learning Theory

What does Behaviorism focus on?

What we can see and what we can measure

Who are notable Behaviorism psychologists? (Select all that apply)

Ivan Pavlov Signup and view all the answers

What is John B. Watson known for?

Founded the School of Behaviorism Signup and view all the answers

What did Ivan Pavlov discover?

Classical Conditioning Signup and view all the answers

What is B.F. Skinner known for?

Free will is an illusion Signup and view all the answers

How can all behavior be viewed according to Behaviorism?

Response to a Stimulus Signup and view all the answers

Who is a notable Psychoanalytic psychologist?

Sigmund Freud Signup and view all the answers

What is Sigmund Freud known for?

Developed Psychoanalysis Signup and view all the answers

According to Psychoanalytic theory, what drives behavior?

Unconscious Conflicts Signup and view all the answers

What does the unconscious mind contain according to Psychoanalytic theory?

Conflicts between acceptable behavior and unacceptable desires Signup and view all the answers

What do Biological perspective theorists believe?

Events in the brain are linked with thoughts, feelings, and behavior; also interested in the influence of hormones and chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What do Cognitive perspective theorists focus on?

Reasoning and mental processing of information Signup and view all the answers

Who is a notable Cognitive psychologist?

Piaget Signup and view all the answers

What is Piaget known for?

Genetic Epistemology Signup and view all the answers

Humanistic theory is ________________ Oriented?

Feeling Signup and view all the answers

Another way to refer to 'Feeling Oriented' in Humanistic theory is?

Self-Esteem Signup and view all the answers

Human nature is ____, _, and _ unless it is ____.

positive, creative, growth seeking, blocked Signup and view all the answers

Who are notable Humanistic perspective theorists? (Select all that apply)

Maslow Signup and view all the answers

What is Maslow known for?

Hierarchy of Needs Signup and view all the answers

What is Rogers known for?

He added to the humanistic theory that people need a good environment in order to succeed. Signup and view all the answers

What three things does the Sociocultural perspective consider that influence behavior and thinking?

Ethnicity, Gender, Socioeconomic Status Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Major Theoretical Perspectives in Psychology

Six primary theoretical perspectives include Behaviorism, Psychoanalytic, Biological, Cognitive, Humanistic, and Sociocultural.

Behaviorism

Also known as Learning Theory, it emphasizes observable behavior.
Focuses on measurable aspects of behavior, disregarding internal thoughts or feelings.
Significant psychologists include:
- John B. Watson, founder of the Behaviorism school.
- Ivan Pavlov, known for Classical Conditioning experiments.
- B.F. Skinner, who proposed that "free will is an illusion."
Behaviorism asserts that all behavior is a response to stimuli.

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Sigmund Freud is a notable figure, recognized for developing Psychoanalysis.
This theory posits that unconscious conflicts primarily drive behavior.
The unconscious mind contains conflicts between acceptable behaviors and unacceptable desires.

Biological Perspective

Theorists in this perspective connect brain events with thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
It explores the influence of hormones and chemicals on behavior.

Cognitive Perspective

Focuses on reasoning and mental processing of information.
Notable cognitive psychologist Jean Piaget is known for his work on Genetic Epistemology.

Humanistic Perspective

Emphasizes a feeling-oriented approach, also referred to as self-esteem.
Human nature is viewed as positive, creative, and growth-seeking unless obstructed.
Key theorists include:
- Abraham Maslow, known for the Hierarchy of Needs.
- Carl Rogers, who emphasized the necessity of a supportive environment for success.

Sociocultural Perspective

This perspective considers ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status as significant factors influencing behavior and thinking.

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Description

Explore the six major theoretical perspectives in psychology with this flashcard quiz. Test your knowledge on Behaviorism, Psychoanalytic, Biological, Cognitive, Humanistic, and Sociocultural approaches. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of psychological theories.