Site Selection Process in Operations Management
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Questions and Answers

What is a reason for relocation focused on cost?

  • To attract new employees
  • To implement just-in-time inventory
  • To enter a new market
  • To produce in a location where it's cheaper (correct)
  • Why might a company relocate for political or social reasons?

  • To apply just-in-time manufacturing
  • To meet local legislation (correct)
  • To reduce transportation costs
  • To find new employees
  • What is one of the key factors when entering a new market?

  • To maintain existing production lines
  • To produce near the new market (correct)
  • To relocate on cost grounds
  • To increase inventory levels
  • What does the 'just-in-time' production strategy aim to eliminate?

    <p>Inventory levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor for attracting new employees?

    <p>Quality workplace environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can make it difficult to locate enough employees?

    <p>Social and political conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A focus on reducing inventory is mainly connected to which production approach?

    <p>Just-in-time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding changes in location structure?

    <p>Market entry often necessitates location changes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a site in the context of operations management?

    <p>Any location where operational activities occur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of site mentioned?

    <p>Financial management site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in a multi-stage site selection process?

    <p>Discover potential interesting locations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines if a location is selected in the site selection process?

    <p>Location-dependent profit calculation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects decision-making knowledge in site selection?

    <p>High certainty in knowledge leads to confident decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must occur before determining location-dependent costs and services?

    <p>Elimination of locations that do not meet minimum criteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is NOT considered in site selection related to costs?

    <p>Historical performance of previous sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In site selection, what is a decisive factor for making a choice?

    <p>Knowledge about the locations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of regional cooperations is often considered unused potential?

    <p>Partnerships in the same industry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of joint procurement activities?

    <p>Collaborative purchasing with other businesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key criterion for selecting a site related to economic factors?

    <p>Attractiveness of the economic area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is particularly important for the consumer goods industry when selecting a site?

    <p>Geographical proximity to sales markets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of reciprocal capacity balancing in production?

    <p>Shared production capabilities for efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does infrastructure accessibility play in site selection criteria?

    <p>It influences operational costs and logistics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a human resources measure in regional cooperation?

    <p>Workforce sharing and joint training activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not typically considered a criterion for site selection?

    <p>Diversity of local wildlife (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the measure search grid in the evaluation of existing sites?

    <p>To simplify the representation of business reality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fields of modernization is NOT mentioned in the content?

    <p>Market Research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the structuring of optimization measures according to the workshop concept?

    <p>Assessment of performance potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action pertains primarily to the cause-effect analysis as described in the content?

    <p>Applying the measure search grid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed in the third step of the optimization measures structuring?

    <p>The desirability of modernization grids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Participation of which group is crucial in the workshop concept for site evaluation?

    <p>Decision-makers from all areas of the company (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option reflects a goal of the benchmarking study described?

    <p>To identify causes of inefficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main focuses of the four fields of modernization?

    <p>Enhancing technological capabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for evaluating and optimizing existing sites?

    <p>To integrate the business into existing cooperation networks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario involves planning new sites while retaining old sites?

    <p>Planning new sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can systematically underestimate start-up times and costs for new sites?

    <p>Ignorance of quality and productivity requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the benchmark analysis for evaluating existing sites?

    <p>Employee satisfaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the optimization of existing sites improve?

    <p>Productivity and production costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential factor considered in the benchmarking of existing sites?

    <p>Delivery times of raw materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of using existing sites over planning new ones?

    <p>Reduced startup costs and time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does productivity benchmarking typically compare?

    <p>Performance against the best-performing competitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a benefit of evaluating existing sites?

    <p>Immediate closure of all sites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the planning of new sites?

    <p>It should factor in overhead costs for better visualization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge in site selection according to the given information?

    <p>Location-dependent costs and performances cannot be estimated with certainty. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a business need to adjust its site locations?

    <p>To respond to shifts in demand for their products. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'capacity expansion/reduction' imply in site planning?

    <p>Adjusting production based on market demand. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can trigger a site merger in operations management?

    <p>An increase in the number of workers wanting to work at multiple locations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'shifting focus of demand' indicate in site selection?

    <p>Demand patterns may change, impacting transportation decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is future deviation from expected values a concern in site selection?

    <p>It can lead to location becoming suboptimal due to unforeseen changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might 'relocation of raw material sources' impact site planning?

    <p>It could necessitate the movement of production sites closer to new material locations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of site selection, what does 'modernization of buildings and technical facilities' signify?

    <p>Upgrading existing structures and techniques to enhance operational efficiency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is least likely to impact site selection decisions?

    <p>Company tradition and legacy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'cost analyses in the context of business strategy' refer to?

    <p>Understanding costs versus benefits to align with strategic goals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Operating Site

    The physical location where a company conducts its operations, including administration, production, warehousing, and sales.

    Research and Development Site

    A location dedicated to research and development activities, focusing on innovation and product development.

    Production Site

    A location where goods are manufactured, assembled, or processed.

    Administration Site

    A location where administrative tasks, such as accounting, finance, and human resources, take place.

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    Warehouse Location

    A location dedicated to storing goods before they are shipped to customers.

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    Sales Location

    A location where goods or services are sold to customers.

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    Site Selection

    The process of choosing the best location for a company's operations, considering factors like cost, accessibility, and market demand.

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    Site Selection Decision-Making Process

    A multi-step process for selecting a location, starting with identifying potential sites, analyzing costs and benefits, and ultimately choosing the most profitable option.

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    Location-dependent factors

    Costs and performance that vary depending on the chosen location.

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    Uncertainty in Site Selection

    Uncertainty in estimating costs and performance at a specific location.

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    Site Selection as a Decision-making Problem

    Site selection involves making decisions with incomplete information, requiring careful consideration of potential risks and opportunities.

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    Alternative Calculations in Site Selection

    Using optimistic or pessimistic estimates to analyze different scenarios in site selection.

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    Cost Analysis in Business Strategy

    Analyzing costs within the context of the company's overall goals and strategic direction.

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    Changes to Product Portfolio

    Changes in the product mix offered by a company, impacting production and distribution needs.

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    Capacity Expansion/Reduction

    Adjusting production capacity based on changes in demand or market conditions.

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    Modernization of Buildings and Technical Facilities

    Updating facilities and equipment to improve efficiency or meet new regulatory requirements.

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    Site Merger

    Combining two or more locations to create a more efficient operation.

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    Relocation for cost reasons

    Moving a production facility to a new location to reduce costs.

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    Relocation for political or social reasons

    Shifting production to a new location due to political or social factors, such as government policies or social unrest.

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    Entry into new markets

    Establishing production in a new geographic market to gain access to customers and expand business.

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    Switch to "just-in-time" production

    Changing production location to minimize delays and reduce inventory, relying on timely deliveries from suppliers.

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    Attractiveness for (new) employees

    Moving a production facility to an area with a more attractive workforce, potentially offering better wages, living conditions, or career opportunities.

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    Site Planning

    The process of selecting a suitable location for a production facility or business operation.

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    Factors impacting location decisions

    The analysis and consideration of factors that influence the decision of where to locate a production facility.

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    Changes in location structure

    The act of altering the structure of a company's production locations, potentially involving new facilities, closures, or relocations.

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    Benchmarking for Site Evaluation

    A method for evaluating existing business sites by comparing them to industry benchmarks.

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    Measure Search Grid

    A structured grid used to measure and analyze the performance of a business site across four key areas: technology, organization, human resources, and product design.

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    Workshop Concept

    A workshop where decision-makers from all areas of a company come together to identify and discuss opportunities for process improvement.

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    Cause-Effect Analysis

    The process of identifying and analyzing the root causes of issues or problems that can be optimized within a business.

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    Modernization Grid

    A grid used to assess the potential for improvement in different areas of a business, based on the identified causes and effects.

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    Assessment of Performance Potential

    The process of evaluating the potential for improvement based on untapped performance opportunities.

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    Business Modernization

    A systematic approach to identifying and implementing changes that can modernize and improve business operations.

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    Optimization Measures

    A critical step in the site planning process, focusing on identifying and assessing areas for improvement.

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    Shape Your Location

    The ability to influence location factors through your business activity.

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    Regional Cooperation

    Collaboration between businesses in the same area, sharing resources and expertise.

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    Fields of Cooperation

    Benefits of regional cooperation, such as joint purchasing, workforce sharing, and combined training programs.

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    Joint Procurement

    Joint procurement of goods or services by multiple businesses, often resulting in lower prices.

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    Workforce Sharing

    Sharing employees and resources for training, utilizing the expertise of multiple businesses.

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    Site Selection Criteria

    Factors that influence the attractiveness of a location for businesses.

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    Proximity to Markets

    The proximity of a location to markets where goods will be sold.

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    Access to Raw Materials

    Access to raw materials, essential for businesses involved in manufacturing.

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    Why Evaluate Existing Sites?

    Evaluating and optimizing existing sites can help businesses identify opportunities to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance competitiveness.

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    Benchmarking in Site Planning

    A systematic approach to compare a company's performance with that of its best competitor, assessing factors like productivity, production costs, lead times, innovation, flexibility, and product quality.

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    Site Planning for Start-ups

    A new company needs to carefully select a location for its operations, taking into account factors like cost, accessibility, and proximity to customers and suppliers.

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    Planning New Sites and Retaining or Closing Existing Sites

    When a company needs to expand its capacity, it must decide if it's more efficient to build a new site, retain existing sites, or close existing sites and open new ones.

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    Underestimated Start-up Costs for New Sites

    It's important to factor in the costs of opening a new site, beyond just construction. Delays and unexpected expenses can impact profitability.

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    Cost Center Schemes for Site Overhead Costs

    A structured system to track and analyze the costs associated with operating a site, ensuring that all costs are accounted for and can be compared across different locations.

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    Optimizing Existing Sites for Comparability

    Evaluating existing business sites against their potential allows for a more accurate assessment of the company's overall performance and reveals opportunities for improvement.

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    Integrating into Existing Business Networks

    Connecting a business to existing networks can lead to better collaboration, increased efficiency, and stronger competitive advantages.

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    Importance of Continuous Site Planning

    Site planning is an ongoing process, and continually evaluating and optimizing sites helps businesses stay competitive and adapt to changing conditions in the market.

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    Study Notes

    Operating Site

    • Site is the location of operational premises (administrative building, production areas, stores, branches, warehouses)
    • An operation can have one or more sites.
    • Types of sites include: research and development, production, administration, warehouse, and sales locations.

    Site Selection as a Decision-Making Problem

    • Site selection is a multi-stage decision-making process, often considering cost factors.
    • Initial step involves identifying potential locations, removing unsuitable ones based on minimum criteria (e.g., cost).
    • Location-dependent costs and services are then evaluated for remaining options.
    • The location with the highest expected profit (considering both location-dependent performance and costs) is finally selected.

    When is a Decision Needed?

    • Decision making depends on the degree of knowledge.
    • A fully informed decision is based on complete knowledge, leading to a conclusive outcome.
    • A decision made with incomplete knowledge involves uncertainty, and a degree of guessing.

    Problems with the Site Selection Approach

    • Accurate estimations of location-dependent costs and performance are difficult due to inherent unpredictability and changeability.
    • Future deviations (e.g., market fluctuations) can make the selected location suboptimal.
    • This approach should be viewed as making difficult decisions.
    • Site selection is a complex decision-making problem.
    • Evaluating using pessimistic and optimistic scenarios is an approach.
    • Costs are analyzed within the context of business strategy, considering the time horizon.

    Reasons for Location Changes

    • Adjustment of strategies and product portfolio changes.
    • Changes in production capacity (expansion/reduction).
    • Modernization of buildings and facilities.
    • Merging of sites or relocation of plants to bring workers together.
    • Demand and raw material sources shift.
    • Relocation due to cost, political, and social factors.

    Entering New Markets and "Just-in-Time"

    • Relocation for cost savings or for political reasons.
    • Entry into new markets requires suitable locations.
    • Transitioning to a "just-in-time" inventory system might change the strategic location.

    Site Planning Scenarios

    • Using existing sites involves optimization and adaptation.
    • Planning new sites occurs in two main manners: start-ups and expanding by building new sites and/or combining them with existing ones.
    • Planning new sites often combined with closure (or reduced use) of old sites.

    Reasons for Optimizing Existing Sites

    • Integrating the business into existing networks.
    • Overcoming significant start-up times and costs to attain necessary quality & productivity.
    • Visualizing cost centers relating to site overhead costs.
    • Improving comparability of different sites by incorporating optimization potential.

    Evaluating Existing Sites Using Benchmarks

    • Benchmarking against best competitors is used, identifying key performance factors.
    • Key factors for evaluation include productivity, production costs, lead times, capabilities, production flexibility, and product quality.
    • This approach also uses a measure search grid to look at organization, technology, human resources, and product design for analysis.

    Benchmarking Study (Workshop Concept)

    • Participants from all departments are involved to identify areas for potential optimization.
    • Measures already implemented by the business are structured and analyzed.
    • Cause-and-effect analysis uses a grid to identify optimization measures and potential improvements.
    • An evaluation of potential modernization measures is undertaken.
    • Possible performance improvements are assessed that are not currently being used.

    Evaluation of Regional Cooperations

    • Location factors are not pre-determined, but can be influenced by local business activity.
    • Using regional cooperation with other businesses, (e.g., co-locating).
    • Potential partnerships with customers, suppliers, and service providers can be leveraged to improve profitability.

    Fields and Measures of Cooperating

    • Merging purchasing activities (e.g., bulk buying).
    • Collaboration on workforce resources (e.g., training).
    • Balancing production capacities among businesses.
    • Using other sites' infrastructure to share resources.

    Criteria for Site Selection

    • Favorable economic conditions in the area.
    • Proximity to market areas and suppliers.
    • Access to necessary raw materials.
    • Stable government and favorable policies (e.g., environmental protection).
    • Regulations that meet the needs of the business and local labor availability.
    • Regional economic development and subsidies.

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    Description

    Explore the multi-stage decision-making process involved in site selection for operational premises. This quiz covers the criteria for identifying potential locations, evaluating costs, and making informed decisions based on expected profit. Test your understanding of operational site management and decision-making.

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