Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's Contributions

<p>By establishing numerous educational institutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were solely responsible for the War of Independence (B), They could not coexist with other nations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interest in Western civilization (C), His own personal setbacks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bridging gaps between Muslims and the British (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1898 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To give order and meaning to life and human action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allama Iqbal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their future was not safe under Hindu majority rule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As two distinct cultural systems with no compatibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shared faith in Islam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passed the Objectives Resolution to grant legal recognition to the ideology of Pakistan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their cultural practices and traditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clear guidance and direction for their lives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Khizr Hayat Tiwana formed the government with Unionist support. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Imposed Governor's rule. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To oppose the ejectment of Muslim peasants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the transfer of power from British rule. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish separate assemblies for Muslim majority areas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It established two independent dominion states. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were to have full authority to make laws. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They had the power to amend the interim constitution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advocating for a separate identity for Muslims (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two Nations theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helped him to solidify his vision for Muslim revival (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Following the teachings of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As essential to the Muslims' identity and rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Title of Sir and membership in the Punjab Legislative Council (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The need for separation between them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Building a cohesive community of Ummah (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The title of King of India was abolished. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sindh (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern education and non-political activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To be the joint Governor General of India and Pakistan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muslims constitute a distinct nation with unique aspirations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indian Councils Act, 1861 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotion of loyalty to the British while advocating for Muslim interests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oath-taking ceremony for the new Governor General and Prime Minister. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Hindi-Urdu Controversy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gurdaspur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The British Crown assumed control over India. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should remain cautious and refrain from joining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Government of India Act, 1919 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constitutional guarantees and federal governance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The emergence of a distinct Muslim political identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separate electorates for Muslims (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A set of beliefs, values, and ideals that guides a group or nation. It shapes their understanding of the world and provides a framework for action.

The core beliefs and principles that formed the basis for the creation of Pakistan. It emphasized the distinct identity of Muslims in South Asia and their desire for a separate state.

The events and struggles faced by Muslims in South Asia, particularly under British rule, shaped the desire for an independent nation.

Iqbal provided the philosophical foundation for Pakistan's ideology. He emphasized the need for a separate Muslim state to preserve Islamic values and culture.

Quaid-e-Azam translated the idea of a separate Muslim state into a political reality. He led the movement for Pakistan's creation.

A document passed by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan in 1949 that gave legal sanction to the ideology of Pakistan.

The belief that Muslims in South Asia had a unique cultural and social identity that differed from Hindus.

The ideology of Pakistan sought to create a state where society and laws would be guided by the teachings of Islam.

An educational movement initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, aiming to improve the social and economic conditions of Muslim communities in British India through modern education and non-political activities.

The theory that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations with separate identities, cultures, and aspirations, requiring separate states for their advancement.

A political organization founded in 1885, aiming to represent the interests of Indians and work towards self-governance.

A prominent Muslim scholar and reformer who advocated for modern education and urged Muslims to engage in non-political avenues for development.

A system where Muslim and Hindu communities had separate voting constituencies, ensuring representation for their respective communities.

A political party formed in 1906, representing the interests of Muslims in British India and advocating for separate representation and eventually, a separate state.

A conflict arising from the competition between Hindi and Urdu languages, fuelled by Hindu and Muslim nationalist sentiments, which further intensified religious tensions.

The Ali-Garh Movement produced educated Muslim leadership who advocated for their community's rights within the political system. This, coupled with the fear of Hindu dominance, contributed to the rise of the Two-Nation Theory and the demand for a separate Muslim state.

Sir Syed's family held positions in the East India Company and his maternal grandfather influenced his early exposure to Western learning and civilization. This sparked his interest in English.

Sir Syed started his career as a clerk in 1839, later becoming a sub-judge in Bijnore. He faced tragedies like his brother's death and the 1857 War of Independence which shaped his life.

Sir Syed established educational institutions, most notably the Aligarh Muslim University, aimed at improving Muslim education and contributing to the community's progress.

Sir Syed dedicated his life to improving the lives of Indian Muslims emphasizing education and closer ties with the British. He was a pivotal figure in the Muslim community's revival.

Sir Syed aimed to bridge the gap between Muslims and British, improve Muslim understanding of politics, and promote peaceful coexistence within India.

Sir Syed believed that the decline of the Muslim community in India was due to a lack of education and modernization. He sought to empower Muslims through education and political engagement.

Sir Syed successfully addressed the misunderstandings between Muslims and the British, raised awareness of political issues among Muslims, and promoted mutual understanding within India.

Allama Muhammad Iqbal significantly influenced Muslims worldwide, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. His ideas provided a sense of identity and a path towards achieving the goals of the Muslim community.

In 1858, the British Parliament took over all rights of the East India Company in India. The Secretary of State for India was created, and the British Crown assumed control, with Lord Canning becoming the Viceroy.

The central demand of Indian Muslims was the recognition of their distinct identity, separate from the Hindu community, based on differences in culture, civilization, interests, and rights.

This was the first legislation passed by the British government in India, marking a shift towards greater British control.

Iqbal's time in Europe (1905-1908) influenced his thinking on the decline of Muslims and inspired him to seek solutions.

The process of dividing British India into India and Pakistan, involving voting and referendums in various regions.

Iqbal stressed the importance of following Islamic teachings, highlighting the role of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) as an ideal leader, and emphasizing the principles and ideals of Islam.

Muslim members favored joining Pakistan, while non-Muslims voted for partition and joining India.

Muslims favored joining Pakistan, while non-Muslims favored partition and joining India.

The Allahabad address (December 1930) focused on analyzing the political and social situation of India and proposing solutions, while emphasizing the role of Islam in the lives of Indian Muslims.

Iqbal rejected the European separation of religion and state, arguing against its applicability to Indian society.

The assembly voted for Sindh to join Pakistan.

A referendum decided in favor of Pakistan, despite Dr. Khan's government boycotting it.

Iqbal emphasized the need for Muslims to embrace and uphold their Islamic identity, arguing against assimilation into other cultures.

The Shahi Jirga and non-official members of the Quetta Municipal Committee opted for Pakistan.

In 1947, the Muslim League (ML) won the majority of seats in Punjab. However, Khizr Hayat Tiwana, a Unionist leader, formed a government with the help of Hindu and Sikh members. This angered the ML, who protested to restore the people's will, leading to a harsh response from the Punjab government.

Muslim women played a significant role in the Muslim League's struggle against Khizr Hayat Tiwana's government in Punjab. They actively protested against the injustice and inequality prevalent in the region.

Maulana Bhashani, a Muslim leader, launched a movement to oppose the unjust eviction of Muslim peasants from their lands.

In February 1947, Prime Minister Attlee announced that all power would be transferred to Indian representatives by June 1948. If a constitution wasn't formed by then, the British would consider granting power to provincial governments, specific areas, or other alternatives in the best interests of India.

Lord Mountbatten was appointed as the new Viceroy of India in February 1947. His primary objective was to oversee the transition to independence and the withdrawal of British rule.

The British proposed a plan which included a constitution framed by the Constituent Assembly for those who accepted it. Areas unwilling to accept the constitution could have their own Constituent Assemblies. Punjab and Bengal Assemblies were to split into Muslim majority parts and other districts to decide on partition. Sind Assembly could choose which side to join.

The Indian Independence Act was passed in July 1947 as a legal framework for the 3 June Plan. It officially established two independent dominion states, India and Pakistan, on August 15, 1947. The Government of India Act, 1935, served as the temporary constitution until a new one was established through the Constituent Assembly.

The Governor General of India had special authority to amend the temporary constitution (Government of India Act, 1935) until March 31, 1948, as per the Indian Independence Act 1947.