Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a common sign of kwashiorkor?
Which of the following is a common sign of kwashiorkor?
What is a common manifestation of vitamin A deficiency in children with malnutrition?
What is a common manifestation of vitamin A deficiency in children with malnutrition?
In which age group is marasmus commonly observed?
In which age group is marasmus commonly observed?
What is a characteristic feature of marasmus in children?
What is a characteristic feature of marasmus in children?
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What is a common symptom of marasmic children?
What is a common symptom of marasmic children?
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What is the recommended concentration of energy for a child with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
What is the recommended concentration of energy for a child with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
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What is the recommended concentration of protein for a child with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
What is the recommended concentration of protein for a child with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
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What is the first step in the treatment of severe protein-energy malnutrition if dehydration is present?
What is the first step in the treatment of severe protein-energy malnutrition if dehydration is present?
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Why are appropriate antibiotics immediately started in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
Why are appropriate antibiotics immediately started in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
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What is the purpose of giving iron and folic acid supplements in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
What is the purpose of giving iron and folic acid supplements in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition?
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Which clinical form of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is characterized by oedema, growth failure, and mental changes?
Which clinical form of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is characterized by oedema, growth failure, and mental changes?
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At what age are children commonly affected by Kwashiorkor?
At what age are children commonly affected by Kwashiorkor?
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What is the meaning of the African word 'Kwashiorkor'?
What is the meaning of the African word 'Kwashiorkor'?
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What is the primary deficiency in children with Marasmus?
What is the primary deficiency in children with Marasmus?
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Which sub-clinical form of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is characterized by low weight for age?
Which sub-clinical form of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is characterized by low weight for age?
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Study Notes
Signs and Symptoms of Malnutrition
- Common signs of kwashiorkor include edema (swelling) and skin changes.
- Vitamin A deficiency in malnourished children often manifests as night blindness or poor vision.
- Marasmus typically affects children under the age of five, particularly those around 6-18 months.
- A key feature of marasmus in children is extreme thinness due to muscle wasting and loss of subcutaneous fat.
- Common symptoms in marasmic children include persistent hunger, irritability, and lethargy.
Treatment of Severe Protein-Energy Malnutrition
- The recommended energy concentration for children with severe protein-energy malnutrition is 130-150 kcal/kg/day.
- The recommended protein concentration for these children is approximately 4-5 g/kg/day.
- The first step in treating severe protein-energy malnutrition when dehydration is present involves rehydrating the child, typically with oral rehydration solutions or IV fluids.
- Appropriate antibiotics are initiated immediately in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition to prevent and treat infections, which are common due to a weakened immune system.
Additional Nutritional Considerations
- Iron and folic acid supplements are given to children with severe protein-energy malnutrition to address anemia and support overall recovery.
- Kwashiorkor is characterized by symptoms such as edema, growth failure, and mental changes.
- Children commonly affected by Kwashiorkor are typically between 1-4 years old.
- The term 'Kwashiorkor' comes from the African language and means "the sickness the baby gets when the new baby comes," referencing the weaning process.
- Marasmus is primarily due to an energy deficiency, resulting in severe weight loss and malnutrition.
- The sub-clinical form of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) characterized by low weight for age is known as underweight.
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Description
Test your knowledge of signs of malnutrition with this quiz. Learn about hair changes, skin changes, and other physical symptoms associated with malnutrition.
