Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about tool maintenance for signalling work is correct?
Which of the following statements about tool maintenance for signalling work is correct?
- Rubber gloves are optional, depending on the task.
- An adequate number of insulated tools should be maintained to avoid short circuits. (correct)
- A specific list of tools to be maintained is determined by the individual staff.
- Insulated tools are unnecessary if metal tools are used carefully.
When attending to circuits carrying more than 110V, which of the following is required?
When attending to circuits carrying more than 110V, which of the following is required?
- A rubber floor mat (correct)
- Leather gloves
- Bare hands
- Any insulated material
What should staff be conversant with when working with soldering equipment?
What should staff be conversant with when working with soldering equipment?
- Use of force during soldering
- Use of soldering iron/gun for making good joints (correct)
- Operating a computer
- The latest fashion trends
What range of wattage is generally considered adequate for soldering irons used in signalling work?
What range of wattage is generally considered adequate for soldering irons used in signalling work?
Which of the following should be readily available when soldering an electrical joint?
Which of the following should be readily available when soldering an electrical joint?
What practice helps prevent damage to insulation when soldering?
What practice helps prevent damage to insulation when soldering?
An imperfect solder joint is least likely to result from which of the following?
An imperfect solder joint is least likely to result from which of the following?
What action should be taken immediately after making a solder connection?
What action should be taken immediately after making a solder connection?
To ensure proper practices for soldering, the Railway should:
To ensure proper practices for soldering, the Railway should:
When terminating wires, what direction should the wires be bent?
When terminating wires, what direction should the wires be bent?
Which tool is appropriate for stripping wire insulation?
Which tool is appropriate for stripping wire insulation?
While fastening wires, which hardware should be utilized?
While fastening wires, which hardware should be utilized?
What is the maximum number of wires allowed to be terminated on one terminal?
What is the maximum number of wires allowed to be terminated on one terminal?
What additional measure should be taken when terminating multi-strand wires?
What additional measure should be taken when terminating multi-strand wires?
What additional step is recommended when using crimping tools for wire termination?
What additional step is recommended when using crimping tools for wire termination?
What components are Colour Light Signals required to have?
What components are Colour Light Signals required to have?
Approximately what height from the rail level should the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal be?
Approximately what height from the rail level should the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal be?
What is indicated by a signal post having implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
What is indicated by a signal post having implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
What color should be used for the background of a signal number plate for Gate stop signals?
What color should be used for the background of a signal number plate for Gate stop signals?
What is used to close the excess gap from post to signal unit, surface base to post to prevent rodent entry?
What is used to close the excess gap from post to signal unit, surface base to post to prevent rodent entry?
What is the purpose of hoods on signal lenses?
What is the purpose of hoods on signal lenses?
What is the arrangement of LEDs in a signal aspect unit designed to do?
What is the arrangement of LEDs in a signal aspect unit designed to do?
What specific detail should be ensured before installing an electric point machine?
What specific detail should be ensured before installing an electric point machine?
What is the purpose of providing means to cut off the motor feed in point machines?
What is the purpose of providing means to cut off the motor feed in point machines?
What action is necessary if an IRS rotary type electric point machine draws less than 1.75 times the normal operating current under obstruction?
What action is necessary if an IRS rotary type electric point machine draws less than 1.75 times the normal operating current under obstruction?
In an obstruction test for a point machine, how thick should the test piece be that is placed between the switch and stock rail?
In an obstruction test for a point machine, how thick should the test piece be that is placed between the switch and stock rail?
During an obstruction test on a point machine, which of the following indicates proper adjustment?
During an obstruction test on a point machine, which of the following indicates proper adjustment?
What is the maximum allowable time before disconnection when sequential operation of a point machine is done?
What is the maximum allowable time before disconnection when sequential operation of a point machine is done?
How frequently shall each sectional JE/SSE (Signal) test the operating values and adjustments of the point machine by obstruction test?
How frequently shall each sectional JE/SSE (Signal) test the operating values and adjustments of the point machine by obstruction test?
What should be the throw of IRS point machine used for ground connection and clamp lock as per RDSO Drg. No. RDSO/S-3454 for 60 Kg rail and RDSO/S-3455 for 52 Kg rail?
What should be the throw of IRS point machine used for ground connection and clamp lock as per RDSO Drg. No. RDSO/S-3454 for 60 Kg rail and RDSO/S-3455 for 52 Kg rail?
During first 60 mm throw of a 220mm throw IRS point machine, which action takes place?
During first 60 mm throw of a 220mm throw IRS point machine, which action takes place?
During the obstruction test for Thick Web Switches, what maximum current is allowed before deeming slipping current exceeded?
During the obstruction test for Thick Web Switches, what maximum current is allowed before deeming slipping current exceeded?
If a signal post infringes schedule of dimensions, what marking should it have?
If a signal post infringes schedule of dimensions, what marking should it have?
What is the approximate height, in meters, of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level?
What is the approximate height, in meters, of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level?
In which direction should wires be bent while terminating them?
In which direction should wires be bent while terminating them?
What is the maximum number of wires allowed to be terminated on a single terminal?
What is the maximum number of wires allowed to be terminated on a single terminal?
If an IRS rotary type electric point machine draws 1.5 times the normal operating current during an obstruction test, what action is required?
If an IRS rotary type electric point machine draws 1.5 times the normal operating current during an obstruction test, what action is required?
What type of tool should be used for stripping wire insulation?
What type of tool should be used for stripping wire insulation?
What is typically the minimum required frequency for a sectional JE/SSE (Signal) to test the operating values and adjustments of a point machine using an obstruction test?
What is typically the minimum required frequency for a sectional JE/SSE (Signal) to test the operating values and adjustments of a point machine using an obstruction test?
What is the maximum allowable time before disconnection when sequential operation of a point machine is performed, expressed as a multiple of the normal operating time?
What is the maximum allowable time before disconnection when sequential operation of a point machine is performed, expressed as a multiple of the normal operating time?
What is the primary reason for avoiding the use of excessive solder when making a connection?
What is the primary reason for avoiding the use of excessive solder when making a connection?
What is the primary purpose of providing hoods on signal lenses?
What is the primary purpose of providing hoods on signal lenses?
During the first 60 mm throw of a 220mm throw IRS point machine used for ground connection and clamp lock, what action takes place?
During the first 60 mm throw of a 220mm throw IRS point machine used for ground connection and clamp lock, what action takes place?
What is indicated if a signal post has implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
What is indicated if a signal post has implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
When testing a new signalling installation, what should be done with the normal load current of every circuit at the time of commissioning?
When testing a new signalling installation, what should be done with the normal load current of every circuit at the time of commissioning?
What action should be taken if there is a variation between the measured circuit current and the original recorded value when a fuse blows?
What action should be taken if there is a variation between the measured circuit current and the original recorded value when a fuse blows?
When signals are placed on the right-hand side due to site constraints, what additional provision is required according to the text?
When signals are placed on the right-hand side due to site constraints, what additional provision is required according to the text?
What is the recommended action concerning the crank handles used for manual operation of points?
What is the recommended action concerning the crank handles used for manual operation of points?
What is the acceptable earth resistance level for modern electronic signalling equipment like EI, DAC and Datalogger?
What is the acceptable earth resistance level for modern electronic signalling equipment like EI, DAC and Datalogger?
What is the purpose of packing used when mounting Colour Light Signals?
What is the purpose of packing used when mounting Colour Light Signals?
According to the document, what range of fuse rating is appropriate when using LED signal aspects, if not prescribed otherwise?
According to the document, what range of fuse rating is appropriate when using LED signal aspects, if not prescribed otherwise?
What action should be taken regarding the top of the sleepers supporting a point machine?
What action should be taken regarding the top of the sleepers supporting a point machine?
What does the document state regarding the use of cutting pliers for stripping wire insulation?
What does the document state regarding the use of cutting pliers for stripping wire insulation?
According to the document, what constitutes a functional earth?
According to the document, what constitutes a functional earth?
What is the required action when installing electric point machines to ensure clearances?
What is the required action when installing electric point machines to ensure clearances?
What is the minimum clearance of equipment earths from system earths as per the document?
What is the minimum clearance of equipment earths from system earths as per the document?
According to the document, what action should be taken if badly worn-out pins are discovered on point machines?
According to the document, what action should be taken if badly worn-out pins are discovered on point machines?
During an obstruction test with a 5 mm thick test piece, what specific conditions should be observed regarding the point and its components?
During an obstruction test with a 5 mm thick test piece, what specific conditions should be observed regarding the point and its components?
What does the document recommend regarding the interlocking of crank handles in electric key transmitter or other approved relay interlocking arrangements?
What does the document recommend regarding the interlocking of crank handles in electric key transmitter or other approved relay interlocking arrangements?
The document suggests a practice for wiring alterations, mentioning which color codes for additions?
The document suggests a practice for wiring alterations, mentioning which color codes for additions?
What should be the copper cross-section of earth wires?
What should be the copper cross-section of earth wires?
What type of tests should be performed on wiring after indoor wiring works are completed and before system integration testing?
What type of tests should be performed on wiring after indoor wiring works are completed and before system integration testing?
The document outlines regular checks of block earths, with JE (Signals) performing examinations at intervals of no more than how many months?
The document outlines regular checks of block earths, with JE (Signals) performing examinations at intervals of no more than how many months?
What is the minimum fuse capacity that should be provided relative to the rated current of a signaling circuit at the time of commissioning?
What is the minimum fuse capacity that should be provided relative to the rated current of a signaling circuit at the time of commissioning?
What is the approximate height, in meters, of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level as recommended in the guidelines?
What is the approximate height, in meters, of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level as recommended in the guidelines?
What is the minimum distance from the electrified track a signal should be, before needing to connect the protection screen to the earth?
What is the minimum distance from the electrified track a signal should be, before needing to connect the protection screen to the earth?
What is the maximum earth resistance, in ohms, that modern electronic equipment should have?
What is the maximum earth resistance, in ohms, that modern electronic equipment should have?
What should be the minimum earth electrode distance, in meters, when using more than one earth electrode?
What should be the minimum earth electrode distance, in meters, when using more than one earth electrode?
When performing adjustments in testing of a driving rod, how much should the connections be tightened to impart a springing action after initial contact with the stock rail?
When performing adjustments in testing of a driving rod, how much should the connections be tightened to impart a springing action after initial contact with the stock rail?
What is the minimum visibility, in meters, required for distant signals in MACLS territory as per the guidelines?
What is the minimum visibility, in meters, required for distant signals in MACLS territory as per the guidelines?
When testing a point machine, to what value, in terms of normal operating current, must the current draw be less than during an obstruction test, using an IRS rotary type electric point machine, for the machine to need to be checked for proper functioning at site?
When testing a point machine, to what value, in terms of normal operating current, must the current draw be less than during an obstruction test, using an IRS rotary type electric point machine, for the machine to need to be checked for proper functioning at site?
What is the typical minimum thickness, in millimeters, of asphalt or concrete cover around an earth electrode to help retain soil moisture?
What is the typical minimum thickness, in millimeters, of asphalt or concrete cover around an earth electrode to help retain soil moisture?
What action is necessary if, during routine testing, block earth resistance exceeds the permissible limit of 10 ohms?
What action is necessary if, during routine testing, block earth resistance exceeds the permissible limit of 10 ohms?
For locations with heavy traffic and high speeds, what is the recommended approach to maintenance schedules for signalling equipment?
For locations with heavy traffic and high speeds, what is the recommended approach to maintenance schedules for signalling equipment?
To what minimum percentage of its average must all three earth resistance readings be within, to be considered acceptable, when measuring earth resistance?
To what minimum percentage of its average must all three earth resistance readings be within, to be considered acceptable, when measuring earth resistance?
What is the maximum allowable time, expressed as a multiple of the normal operating time, before disconnection in sequential point machine operation?
What is the maximum allowable time, expressed as a multiple of the normal operating time, before disconnection in sequential point machine operation?
What is the recommended distance between a stop signal and neutral section on track with gradients steeper than 1 in 300, in meters, if unavoidable?
What is the recommended distance between a stop signal and neutral section on track with gradients steeper than 1 in 300, in meters, if unavoidable?
What minimum copper cross-section should earth wires have, in square millimeters?
What minimum copper cross-section should earth wires have, in square millimeters?
To avoid rodent entry, cable entries at a signal unit should be closed using cement. What needs to be considered to use that solution?
To avoid rodent entry, cable entries at a signal unit should be closed using cement. What needs to be considered to use that solution?
If a signal post and/or its components are infringing with the schedule of dimensions, what specific markings should be present?
If a signal post and/or its components are infringing with the schedule of dimensions, what specific markings should be present?
According to the document, what is the acceptable earth resistance level for modern electronic signalling equipment such as EI, DAC and Datalogger?
According to the document, what is the acceptable earth resistance level for modern electronic signalling equipment such as EI, DAC and Datalogger?
In an obstruction test for Thick Web Switches, what measurement determines if the slipping current has been exceeded?
In an obstruction test for Thick Web Switches, what measurement determines if the slipping current has been exceeded?
When measuring earth resistance using the 'Fall of Potential' method, how should the current probe C2 be oriented in a ring earth system?
When measuring earth resistance using the 'Fall of Potential' method, how should the current probe C2 be oriented in a ring earth system?
To what depth should the electrodes, for the measurement of earth resistance, in the ground be?
To what depth should the electrodes, for the measurement of earth resistance, in the ground be?
How should the signal unit be oriented until it is ready to be used?
How should the signal unit be oriented until it is ready to be used?
By what measure should earths from the signalling equipment be separated from earths of the electrical system? (e.g. earthing of AT/Transformer etc.)?
By what measure should earths from the signalling equipment be separated from earths of the electrical system? (e.g. earthing of AT/Transformer etc.)?
What should the minimum length, in meters, and width, in centimeters, of bars that are arranged as a cross across a signal not in use?
What should the minimum length, in meters, and width, in centimeters, of bars that are arranged as a cross across a signal not in use?
During adjustment of detector contacts, how is the test done to confirm functionality of switch?
During adjustment of detector contacts, how is the test done to confirm functionality of switch?
What is the specified size of the mild steel flat used for an earthing lead, in millimeters?
What is the specified size of the mild steel flat used for an earthing lead, in millimeters?
What percentage, by weight, of salt in a soil mass is considered the limit, to realize any reduction in resistivity?
What percentage, by weight, of salt in a soil mass is considered the limit, to realize any reduction in resistivity?
What is the maximum allowable earth resistance, in ohms, for protective earth, unless specified otherwise?
What is the maximum allowable earth resistance, in ohms, for protective earth, unless specified otherwise?
What is the minimum horizontal distance, in millimeters, from rail level to 305 mm above rail level for From Level to Level for existing works?
What is the minimum horizontal distance, in millimeters, from rail level to 305 mm above rail level for From Level to Level for existing works?
What is the distance between a signal post and its fittings, in meters, within which the live conductor requires an iron screening in RE areas?
What is the distance between a signal post and its fittings, in meters, within which the live conductor requires an iron screening in RE areas?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the required tools for staff involved in signalling equipment maintenance?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the required tools for staff involved in signalling equipment maintenance?
What is the recommended practice regarding the use of metal tools near working signalling equipment?
What is the recommended practice regarding the use of metal tools near working signalling equipment?
What is the purpose of the list of specific tools circulated by PCSTE for zonal railways?
What is the purpose of the list of specific tools circulated by PCSTE for zonal railways?
Under what voltage condition is the use of a rubber floor mat mandatory?
Under what voltage condition is the use of a rubber floor mat mandatory?
What level of proficiency should staff working on signalling equipment have regarding soldering?
What level of proficiency should staff working on signalling equipment have regarding soldering?
Which of the following practices is most important to prevent equipment damage during soldering?
Which of the following practices is most important to prevent equipment damage during soldering?
What additional items should be readily available when soldering, besides an adequately powered soldering iron?
What additional items should be readily available when soldering, besides an adequately powered soldering iron?
What is the appropriate action regarding electrical soldering irons when not in use for extended periods?
What is the appropriate action regarding electrical soldering irons when not in use for extended periods?
How should the surface be prepared before making a solder joint?
How should the surface be prepared before making a solder joint?
What is the primary reason for avoiding the use of too much solder?
What is the primary reason for avoiding the use of too much solder?
Why should a soldering iron not be held on the wire connection for an excessive amount of time?
Why should a soldering iron not be held on the wire connection for an excessive amount of time?
What duration of soldering iron contact during connection leads to imperfect joints?
What duration of soldering iron contact during connection leads to imperfect joints?
What factor contributes to imperfect solder joints?
What factor contributes to imperfect solder joints?
What is the Railway's responsibility regarding soldering practices?
What is the Railway's responsibility regarding soldering practices?
What is the correct direction to bend the wires while terminating them?
What is the correct direction to bend the wires while terminating them?
What specific type of tool should be used to strip wire insulation?
What specific type of tool should be used to strip wire insulation?
Which hardware is required while fastening wires?
Which hardware is required while fastening wires?
What is the maximum number of wires permitted to be terminated on a single terminal?
What is the maximum number of wires permitted to be terminated on a single terminal?
What additional step should be taken when using crimping tools for wire termination?
What additional step should be taken when using crimping tools for wire termination?
What is a mandatory requirement for Colour Light Signals?
What is a mandatory requirement for Colour Light Signals?
When determining the location of a signal, what takes precedence?
When determining the location of a signal, what takes precedence?
What is the approximate height of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level?
What is the approximate height of the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal from the rail level?
What actions are required when a new signal's location is determined to be different after signal sighting committee report?
What actions are required when a new signal's location is determined to be different after signal sighting committee report?
What specific provision must be made when a signal is exceptionally placed on the right-hand side of the track?
What specific provision must be made when a signal is exceptionally placed on the right-hand side of the track?
What steps are required before a new signal which is yet to be operational is commissioned?
What steps are required before a new signal which is yet to be operational is commissioned?
What is the required action if a signal post has implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
What is the required action if a signal post has implantation less than the schedule of dimensions?
What color is the background of a signal number plate for Gate stop signals?
What color is the background of a signal number plate for Gate stop signals?
What aspect should be ensured regarding the alignment of each signal unit?
What aspect should be ensured regarding the alignment of each signal unit?
When a signal ladder infringes the schedule of dimensions, what measure should be adopted?
When a signal ladder infringes the schedule of dimensions, what measure should be adopted?
To prevent rodent entry, how should cable entries of the signal unit be closed?
To prevent rodent entry, how should cable entries of the signal unit be closed?
What should the signal numbering plate on the signal unit display?
What should the signal numbering plate on the signal unit display?
What is the function of hoods on signal lenses?
What is the function of hoods on signal lenses?
How are LEDs arranged within a signal aspect unit?
How are LEDs arranged within a signal aspect unit?
Which of the following statements accurately reflect the requirements for staff involved in the installation and maintenance of signalling equipment?
Which of the following statements accurately reflect the requirements for staff involved in the installation and maintenance of signalling equipment?
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the use of metal tools near working signalling equipment?
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the use of metal tools near working signalling equipment?
Which of the following statements are correct regarding soldering care and practices in signalling equipment maintenance?
Which of the following statements are correct regarding soldering care and practices in signalling equipment maintenance?
Which of the following statements are accurate regarding practices during wire termination in signalling maintenance?
Which of the following statements are accurate regarding practices during wire termination in signalling maintenance?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the installation criteria for Colour Light Signals?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the installation criteria for Colour Light Signals?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the procedures related to a new signal that is yet to be operational?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the procedures related to a new signal that is yet to be operational?
Which of the following options accurately describe the arrangement and requirements surrounding cable entries in signal units?
Which of the following options accurately describe the arrangement and requirements surrounding cable entries in signal units?
Which of the following statements accurately describe requirements of LED aspect units?
Which of the following statements accurately describe requirements of LED aspect units?
Which of the following conditions should be ensured before installing an electric point machine?
Which of the following conditions should be ensured before installing an electric point machine?
Which of the listed statements accurately reflects the practices for cutting off the motor feed in point machines?
Which of the listed statements accurately reflects the practices for cutting off the motor feed in point machines?
Identify the correct statement concerning the use of crank handles for manual operation of points.
Identify the correct statement concerning the use of crank handles for manual operation of points.
Which of the following statements describe the conditions that should be observed during an obstruction test with a 5 mm thick test piece?
Which of the following statements describe the conditions that should be observed during an obstruction test with a 5 mm thick test piece?
Which of the following recommendations are applicable when badly worn-out pins are discovered on point machines?
Which of the following recommendations are applicable when badly worn-out pins are discovered on point machines?
Which of the following statements accurately represents the required tests on wiring?
Which of the following statements accurately represents the required tests on wiring?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the maintenance of Colour Light Signals?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the maintenance of Colour Light Signals?
Which from the following statements accurately reflects the maintenance practices for electric point machines?
Which from the following statements accurately reflects the maintenance practices for electric point machines?
Which of the following aspects are key considerations detailed when selecting a site for earthing?
Which of the following aspects are key considerations detailed when selecting a site for earthing?
Which of the following descriptions accurately defines 'Functional Earth' in the context of signalling equipment?
Which of the following descriptions accurately defines 'Functional Earth' in the context of signalling equipment?
Which from the below described aspects must be earthed?
Which from the below described aspects must be earthed?
Which of the following statements accurately describes requirements related to earth wires?
Which of the following statements accurately describes requirements related to earth wires?
What are the key steps to measuring earth's resistance?
What are the key steps to measuring earth's resistance?
What maintenance practices can be employed to maintain outdoor earths’ effectiveness?
What maintenance practices can be employed to maintain outdoor earths’ effectiveness?
Which options accurately reflect how block earths and their connections should be maintained and examined?
Which options accurately reflect how block earths and their connections should be maintained and examined?
Which of the following statements is not accurate regarding the usage of metal tools for signalling work?
Which of the following statements is not accurate regarding the usage of metal tools for signalling work?
Which statement is incorrect regarding soldering in signalling equipment?
Which statement is incorrect regarding soldering in signalling equipment?
Which of the following practices is not essential for proper wire termination?
Which of the following practices is not essential for proper wire termination?
Concerning Colour Light Signals, which of the following is untrue?
Concerning Colour Light Signals, which of the following is untrue?
Regarding signals not yet operational, which procedure is inappropriate?
Regarding signals not yet operational, which procedure is inappropriate?
Which statement is incorrect regarding signal posts?
Which statement is incorrect regarding signal posts?
Which statement does not conform to established guidelines for Colour Light signal number plates:
Which statement does not conform to established guidelines for Colour Light signal number plates:
Which of the following practices is inappropriate when working with electric point machines?
Which of the following practices is inappropriate when working with electric point machines?
What is an unapproved practice in the maintenance of electric point machines?
What is an unapproved practice in the maintenance of electric point machines?
Which statement is incorrect regarding testing and adjusting points with a driving rod?
Which statement is incorrect regarding testing and adjusting points with a driving rod?
During an obstruction test for Thick Web Switches (TWS), identify the incorrect condition.
During an obstruction test for Thick Web Switches (TWS), identify the incorrect condition.
Which of the following statements is not a valid consideration during physical inspection of signalling installation?
Which of the following statements is not a valid consideration during physical inspection of signalling installation?
Regarding the testing of individual circuits, which of the following checks is least relevant:
Regarding the testing of individual circuits, which of the following checks is least relevant:
Regarding cable installation and testing, which action isn't a standard practice?
Regarding cable installation and testing, which action isn't a standard practice?
During system integrity testing (SIT), which action might undermine the validity and safety of the testing process?
During system integrity testing (SIT), which action might undermine the validity and safety of the testing process?
During Signal Control Circuit testing, which action could lead to unsafe conditions?
During Signal Control Circuit testing, which action could lead to unsafe conditions?
During tests of point controlling circuits, which of the following is unacceptable?
During tests of point controlling circuits, which of the following is unacceptable?
When conducting outdoor signalling maintenance, what is not a recommended practice?
When conducting outdoor signalling maintenance, what is not a recommended practice?
Which of the following statements regarding the maintenance of electric point machines is incorrect?
Which of the following statements regarding the maintenance of electric point machines is incorrect?
In the selection of a site for earthing, which condition should be least prioritized?
In the selection of a site for earthing, which condition should be least prioritized?
Regarding earthing systems, which statement is inconsistent with established safety and performance guidelines?
Regarding earthing systems, which statement is inconsistent with established safety and performance guidelines?
In the context of earth resistance measurement using the 'Fall of Potential' method, which practice is incorrect?
In the context of earth resistance measurement using the 'Fall of Potential' method, which practice is incorrect?
Regarding maintenance of outdoor earths, which practice may be omitted?
Regarding maintenance of outdoor earths, which practice may be omitted?
What specific detail regarding lightning/surge protection is incorrect?
What specific detail regarding lightning/surge protection is incorrect?
According to the guidelines, what is the approximate height, in meters, at which the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal should be positioned?
According to the guidelines, what is the approximate height, in meters, at which the normal aspect of a Colour Light signal should be positioned?
As per the guidelines, Intermediate Block (IB) signals should not be located in block sections with heavy and continuous falling gradients steeper than what ratio, unless specific conditions are met?
As per the guidelines, Intermediate Block (IB) signals should not be located in block sections with heavy and continuous falling gradients steeper than what ratio, unless specific conditions are met?
According to established guidelines related to signal placement in areas with electrified tracks, what is the minimum distance, measured in meters, from any live 25kV conductor within which a signal post requires an iron screening or a caution board?
According to established guidelines related to signal placement in areas with electrified tracks, what is the minimum distance, measured in meters, from any live 25kV conductor within which a signal post requires an iron screening or a caution board?
If a neutral section is provided before a stop signal, what is the minimum recommended distance in meters between the neutral section and the stop signal for a section with gradient up to 1 in 300?
If a neutral section is provided before a stop signal, what is the minimum recommended distance in meters between the neutral section and the stop signal for a section with gradient up to 1 in 300?
If a signal post infringes schedule of dimensions, such post shall be painted with alternate red and white stripes at Loco Pilot's eye level. What is this height in meters?
If a signal post infringes schedule of dimensions, such post shall be painted with alternate red and white stripes at Loco Pilot's eye level. What is this height in meters?
In the 'Fall of Potential' method for measuring earth resistance, what range of distance, in meters, should the current probe C2 be placed away from the earth electrode under test?
In the 'Fall of Potential' method for measuring earth resistance, what range of distance, in meters, should the current probe C2 be placed away from the earth electrode under test?
While measuring earth resistance using the Fall of Potential method, the potential probes are driven into the earth to a specific depth. What is the recommended depth, in centimeters, for driving these probes into the ground?
While measuring earth resistance using the Fall of Potential method, the potential probes are driven into the earth to a specific depth. What is the recommended depth, in centimeters, for driving these probes into the ground?
What is the minimum visibility, in meters, that should be assured for distant signals in MACLS territory?
What is the minimum visibility, in meters, that should be assured for distant signals in MACLS territory?
In situations where PTFE type short neutral sections are utilized, what is the minimum allowable distance, in meters, between the neutral section and the stop signal if the neutral section is located before the stop signal?
In situations where PTFE type short neutral sections are utilized, what is the minimum allowable distance, in meters, between the neutral section and the stop signal if the neutral section is located before the stop signal?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), what is the minimum horizontal distance, in millimeters, from rail level to 305 mm above rail level for existing works?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), what is the minimum horizontal distance, in millimeters, from rail level to 305 mm above rail level for existing works?
Regarding the placement of a stop signal, which of the following scenarios should be avoided to the greatest extent possible?
Regarding the placement of a stop signal, which of the following scenarios should be avoided to the greatest extent possible?
Concerning the visibility of signals in MACLS territory, identify the incorrect statement.
Concerning the visibility of signals in MACLS territory, identify the incorrect statement.
When establishing a new signal, identify the situation that does NOT require the signal unit to be turned away from the direction of traffic.
When establishing a new signal, identify the situation that does NOT require the signal unit to be turned away from the direction of traffic.
Concerning signals that are not in use, which of the following statements is incorrect?
Concerning signals that are not in use, which of the following statements is incorrect?
Regarding the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), which statement is false concerning signal posts?
Regarding the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), which statement is false concerning signal posts?
If a signal post infringes on the schedule of dimensions (SOD), which of the following actions is not required, according to the provided guidelines?
If a signal post infringes on the schedule of dimensions (SOD), which of the following actions is not required, according to the provided guidelines?
Concerning precautions in RE (Railway Electrification) areas, which statement is false regarding signal posts near live conductors?
Concerning precautions in RE (Railway Electrification) areas, which statement is false regarding signal posts near live conductors?
Identify the FALSE statement regarding the placement of a neutral section in relation to stop signals and level crossings.
Identify the FALSE statement regarding the placement of a neutral section in relation to stop signals and level crossings.
Concerning earth resistance measurement, which of the following steps is incorrectly described when using the 'Fall of Potential' method?
Concerning earth resistance measurement, which of the following steps is incorrectly described when using the 'Fall of Potential' method?
In the 'Fall of Potential' method for measuring earth resistance, which action would render the measurement inaccurate?
In the 'Fall of Potential' method for measuring earth resistance, which action would render the measurement inaccurate?
For new railway works, what is the minimum horizontal distance from the center of the track to any structure between 305 mm and 1065 mm above rail level, according to the Schedule of Dimensions(SOD)?
For new railway works, what is the minimum horizontal distance from the center of the track to any structure between 305 mm and 1065 mm above rail level, according to the Schedule of Dimensions(SOD)?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions, what is the minimum horizontal distance from the centre of the track for existing railway works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions, what is the minimum horizontal distance from the centre of the track for existing railway works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level?
What is the difference in minimum horizontal distance, as per the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), between existing works and new works or alterations to existing works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level?
What is the difference in minimum horizontal distance, as per the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), between existing works and new works or alterations to existing works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level?
For structures between 4115 mm and 6250 mm above rail level, what is the ratio of the minimum horizontal distance for existing works to new works or alterations, based on the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD)?
For structures between 4115 mm and 6250 mm above rail level, what is the ratio of the minimum horizontal distance for existing works to new works or alterations, based on the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD)?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), what is the minimum horizontal distance for new works or alterations for structures between 3735 mm and 4420 mm above rail level?
According to the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD), what is the minimum horizontal distance for new works or alterations for structures between 3735 mm and 4420 mm above rail level?
What is the difference between the maximum horizontal distance for new works located from 305 mm above rail level to 1065 mm and the minimum horizontal distance for new works from 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm?
What is the difference between the maximum horizontal distance for new works located from 305 mm above rail level to 1065 mm and the minimum horizontal distance for new works from 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm?
What is the sum of the minimum horizontal distances for existing works between 'From rail level to 305 mm above rail level' and 'From 4115 mm above rail level to 6250 mm'?
What is the sum of the minimum horizontal distances for existing works between 'From rail level to 305 mm above rail level' and 'From 4115 mm above rail level to 6250 mm'?
For existing railway works, what is the minimum horizontal distance specified in the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD) for structures between 3355 mm above rail level and 4115 mm above rail level? Express your answer to the nearest tenth of a meter.
For existing railway works, what is the minimum horizontal distance specified in the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD) for structures between 3355 mm above rail level and 4115 mm above rail level? Express your answer to the nearest tenth of a meter.
What is the absolute difference in minimum horizontal distances prescribed in the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD) for existing works between structures 'From 305 mm above rail level to 3355 mm' and structures 'From 4610 mm above rail level to 6250 mm'?
What is the absolute difference in minimum horizontal distances prescribed in the Schedule of Dimensions (SOD) for existing works between structures 'From 305 mm above rail level to 3355 mm' and structures 'From 4610 mm above rail level to 6250 mm'?
What is the sum of the minimum horizontal distance for 'new works' located between 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm and 'existing works' located also between 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm?
What is the sum of the minimum horizontal distance for 'new works' located between 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm and 'existing works' located also between 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm?
What is the absolute difference, in millimeters, between the minimum horizontal distance for existing works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level and the minimum horizontal distance for new works or alterations to existing works for the same levels?
What is the absolute difference, in millimeters, between the minimum horizontal distance for existing works from rail level to 305 mm above rail level and the minimum horizontal distance for new works or alterations to existing works for the same levels?
Consider a scenario where signaling equipment is being installed adjacent to an existing track. The design mandates a structure placed between 3735 mm and 4420 mm above rail level. What percentage increase in minimum horizontal distance is required for the 'new work' relative to 'existing work' at 3735 mm?
Consider a scenario where signaling equipment is being installed adjacent to an existing track. The design mandates a structure placed between 3735 mm and 4420 mm above rail level. What percentage increase in minimum horizontal distance is required for the 'new work' relative to 'existing work' at 3735 mm?
A railway line is undergoing alterations. A support structure, post-alteration, resides between 4420 mm and 4610 mm above the rail level. By what percentage is the minimum horizontal distance reduced compared to the distance at 3735 mm for the 'existing works'?
A railway line is undergoing alterations. A support structure, post-alteration, resides between 4420 mm and 4610 mm above the rail level. By what percentage is the minimum horizontal distance reduced compared to the distance at 3735 mm for the 'existing works'?
A new signaling structure is to be built such that its height falls within the range of 4115 mm to 6250 mm above the rail level. What percentage more is the minimum horizontal distance required below rail level to formation level on straight curves, compared to this structural height?
A new signaling structure is to be built such that its height falls within the range of 4115 mm to 6250 mm above the rail level. What percentage more is the minimum horizontal distance required below rail level to formation level on straight curves, compared to this structural height?
A portion of track is being upgraded where the height of the supporting columns are in between 305 mm and 3355mm above rail level. By what factor does the minimum horizontal distance for the original track need to be multiplied to be equivalent to the requirements after the updates?
A portion of track is being upgraded where the height of the supporting columns are in between 305 mm and 3355mm above rail level. By what factor does the minimum horizontal distance for the original track need to be multiplied to be equivalent to the requirements after the updates?
Suppose that track maintenance requires knowing both extreme values of horizontal distance for new installations. From 305 mm above rail level to 1065mm above rail level and from 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm above rail level, what metric could be used?
Suppose that track maintenance requires knowing both extreme values of horizontal distance for new installations. From 305 mm above rail level to 1065mm above rail level and from 4420 mm above rail level to 4610 mm above rail level, what metric could be used?
A new railway signalling project necessitates erecting a structure spanning from 3355 mm to 4115 mm above the rail level. Furthermore, a section from 4610 mm up to 6250 mm is also being constructed in this project. What is the ratio of the minimum horizontal distance for the latter divided by the former?
A new railway signalling project necessitates erecting a structure spanning from 3355 mm to 4115 mm above the rail level. Furthermore, a section from 4610 mm up to 6250 mm is also being constructed in this project. What is the ratio of the minimum horizontal distance for the latter divided by the former?
Considering a signaling project involving new works, let's assume construction is required for certain levels above the railway, from 1065 mm to 3735 mm above rail level and below rail level, up to the formation level of the track on straight curves. What is the percentage increase in minimum horizontal distance for the latter relative to the former?
Considering a signaling project involving new works, let's assume construction is required for certain levels above the railway, from 1065 mm to 3735 mm above rail level and below rail level, up to the formation level of the track on straight curves. What is the percentage increase in minimum horizontal distance for the latter relative to the former?
Two separate railway lines need to be adjusted relative to the Schedule of Dimensions; on the first line structures need to set in between a location from 305 mm above rail level to 3355 mm, whereas on the second railway line, the levels are from 4115 mm to 6250 mm. In total, what is the approximate difference between the horizontal distances for new installations required above the rail?
Two separate railway lines need to be adjusted relative to the Schedule of Dimensions; on the first line structures need to set in between a location from 305 mm above rail level to 3355 mm, whereas on the second railway line, the levels are from 4115 mm to 6250 mm. In total, what is the approximate difference between the horizontal distances for new installations required above the rail?
A railway track currently has signalling equipment installed based on 'existing works' standards. However, plans are underway to upgrade the signalling system with new equipment that must conform to 'new works or alterations to existing works' standards. The equipment spans levels from 305 mm above rail level to 1065 mm above rail level. By how much does the minimum horizontal distance increase in millimeters?
A railway track currently has signalling equipment installed based on 'existing works' standards. However, plans are underway to upgrade the signalling system with new equipment that must conform to 'new works or alterations to existing works' standards. The equipment spans levels from 305 mm above rail level to 1065 mm above rail level. By how much does the minimum horizontal distance increase in millimeters?
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Staff must use rubber gloves and proper tools when installing and maintaining signalling equipment.
Preventing Short Circuits
Preventing Short Circuits
Avoid short circuits and fuse blowouts by being careful when using metal tools near working equipment; use insulated tools.
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Soldering Cleanliness
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Permissible earth resistance
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What is 110 V?
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What is 65-125 W?
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What is 3.65 meters?
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What is 150 mm?
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What is one ohm?
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Study Notes
- All staff installing and maintaining signalling equipment must have rubber gloves, proper pliers, and screwdrivers.
- When using metal tools near working equipment, avoid short circuits and fuse blowouts.
- Maintain an adequate supply of insulated tools.
- PCSTE circulates a list of specific tools based on the needs of the zonal railway.
- Use a rubber floor mat when working on circuits carrying over 110 V.
Soldering Care
- Staff installing and maintaining signalling equipment must know how to use a soldering iron/gun for making good joints.
- Prevent solder particles and wire clippings from dropping on adjacent terminals and apparatuses.
- Have a small file for dressing the soldering tip, a fireproof pad for wiping the tip, and a mica sheet or stand for the soldering iron.
- A soldering iron with adequate wattage should be between 65W-125W
- Soldering irons shall be switched off when not in use for extended periods.
- Thoroughly clean, flux, and tin the surface before making a soldering joint.
- Prevent lumpy connections by avoiding too much solder.
- Avoid damage to insulation by not holding a soldering iron on the wire connection for too long.
- Imperfect joints result from using a soldering iron that's not hot enough, holding the iron on the connection for too little time, unclean terminals/wires or inferior solder. These causes should be avoided.
- New solder connections must remain undisturbed for a thorough cooling.
- Railways conduct soldering training periodically, either in-house or through outside agencies.
Wire Termination
- Bend wires in a clockwise direction during termination.
- Strip wire insulation using wire strippers, not cutting pliers.
- Washers and check nuts provide fastening.
- Use no more than two wires per terminal.
- Terminate multi-strand wires on terminal lugs and cover them with insulation sleeves.
- Terminate and bunch wires of cable neatly.
- Use appropriate crimping tools and ensure proper soldering when crimping lugs.
Colour Light Signals Installation
- Use multi-unit Colour Light Signals (approved type) with LED lamps (approved type).
- The location and spacing of signals must follow codal provisions and approved plans.
- Signals must give the Loco pilot of an approaching train an unobstructed view when as close to the track as possible.
Location of Signal
- Signals must give the Loco pilot of an approaching train an unobstructed view when as close to the track as possible.
- The height of the normal aspect of the Colour Light signal should be about 3.65 meter from the rail level, unless local terrain forces an increase/decrease.
- Decide exact locations of new/shifted signals based on Signal Sighting committee reports submitted per Annexure 19-A1 by SSE(signal), traffic inspector, and loco inspector, and observing Schedule of Dimensions in Annexure 19-A2.
- Place signals on the left-hand side of the relevant track under most circumstances.
- Any signal to be placed on the right must obtain prior approval of a competent authority.
- Right-hand signals must have an arrow mark (on a white-backed rectangular plate) pointing towards the track to which that signal pertains.
- New signals that are not yet operational must be turned away from the track, unlit, and marked with an "X".
- Visibility of existing signals must be checked jointly by SSE (Signal), traffic inspector, and loco inspector, submitting Signal Visibility Certification per Annexure 3-A1.
- Implement time-bound actions to improve visibility per the committee's recommendation.
- Signal posts with implantation less than the schedule of dimensions should have infringing distance marked in red on a white background.
Mounting and Fixtures
- Mount Colour Light Signals on a rigid ground post or a signal gantry.
- Provide Route Indicators/Calling ON unit/Shunt signal unit as needed.
- Fix each signal unit rigidly in position, and use markers to identify signal type (e.g., ‘G', 'P', 'A').
- Signal posts are plumb and packed with suitable material.
- Suitable packing closes the gap from post to signal unit; plug the signal cable entry with wood to prevent rodent entry.
- Enameled/Retro-reflective Signal number plates required, with white background (except for Gate stop signals, which use yellow) and black letters as shown in Drg. No. 19-D10 (sheet 3).
- Each signal unit should be aligned correctly for better visibility.
- Signal ladders are firmly fixed with clamps and concreted ladder shoes.
- Ladder alignment meets schedule of dimensions requirements.
- Where ladders infringe, blank them off (per chapter no 1 item no 8 note (c) of schedule of dimensions) by providing a metal sheet around the post, including ladder.
- Close cable entries of the signal unit properly using cement to keep out rodents.
- A signal numbering plate (per the Signalling plan) should use black letters on a white background.
Hoods and Back Screens
- Necessary hoods counter the effects of sunrays.
- Use metallic mesh where needed, at appropriate spacing, is needed to interference issues for the lenses.
Cable Entry
- Cables run from the point of operation to the location box/signal unit.
- Protect cable suitably at entry points of location box and signal post.
LED Aspect Unit
Consists of LEDs in series and parallel combinations.
- Arrange LEDs in a signal aspect in more than one array, preventing the whole unit becoming blank if a single LED fails.
- Interleave LEDs in the arrays, to spread any array failure equally and maintain uniform visibility.
- Integrated LED signal aspects (with built-current regulators) shall regulate current.
- Use red/yellow/green for Main/Subsidiary signals and lunar white LEDs for route indicators.
- Use the same make of LED aspects throughout a station/section for easy maintenance.
- Gasket and seal all openings and cable/wire entrances to provide a watertight, dustproof, and vermin-proof enclosure.
- Keep the housing locked.
Requirements for Installation of IRS Point Machines
- Electric Point Machines must be of the approved type.
- Install Electric Point Machines per approved plans.
- Use approved ground fittings.
- Thoroughly inspect ground connections for cracks or improper welds
- Install the machine beside the close switch for high-speed movements, away from all infringements.
- Before installation:
- Ensure the JE/SSE (P.Way) provisions at the Points conform to SEM Chapter 12 para 12.13.2-12.13.4 & Annexure 12-A1
- Ensure the machine has has been properly cleaned and lubricated.
- Follow the manufacturer's instructions.
- Make sure alignment and level of connections is maintained between the machine and the point gears.
- Top sleepers supporting the point machine are level, and surrounding ballast is well-tamped to prevent sinking
- Install in a way that the machine is clear of all infringements.
- Provide proper drainage to prevent water logging near the point area.
- Wire from the operation point to the nearest location box/apparatus case using cable.
- Use appropriate-size cable to minimize voltage drop.
- Connect location box/apparatus case and point machine via underground cable protected below the track and near the machine, using GI/RCC/DWC-HDPE pipe or other approved means.
- Before bringing into operation, test for insulation and continuity.
- Operate crossovers using separate point machines, one at each end.
- Connect detection of setting and locking of the points at both ends of a crossover in series.
- Provide means to cut off motor feed if point movement is obstructed, with a predetermined time lag.
- Point operating control circuits must have track circuit control, overload protection, and cross protection.
- Provide crank handles to operate points during machine failure.
- Divide points in the yard into convenient groups and use crank handles with different wards to distinguish particular groups.
- Modify slots in the point machines to only accept the applicable crank handle for the group.
- Normally, crank handles are locked but releasable from the control panel for point machine use.
- With the crank handle released, it must not be possible to clear the signal for the routes concerned.
- Enforce interlocking of crank handles using NX keys of different wards.
- Plug excess space around cable entry to the machine to prevent rodent entry/water ingress.
Point Machine, Notches, Gaskets, Sealing
- Equip Electric Point Machines with suitable gaskets and seal wire entrances to be watertight and dustproof.
- Close all extra openings as far as possible.
- Keep Electric Point Machine covers locked. The crank handle cover is also locked with a separate key.
- Do not tamper with/recondition notches/notch profiles on locking, driving, and detection slides, and replace worn-out slides with new ones.
Initial Adjustment of Point Machine
- Points are adjusted by hand cranking the machine.
- Inserting the hand crank disconnects the power supply to the machine.
- Once the machine is fastened down, the throw bar connections are set up and the point machine is hand-cranked to one end of the stroke positioning the locking blades.
- Closed switches are adjusted to just contact the stock rail.
- Tighten connections by 2 mm to 3.5 mm to spring the tongue rail.
- Repeat the machine hand cranking and settings in the opposite end of the stroke for the other switch.
- Adjustment for driving rod and lock rod should be done for the close switch nearest to the point machine first.
Adjustment of Detector Contacts
- The machine is hand cranked to the end of the stroke to close the tongue rail.
- A 1.6 mm test piece is inserted between the stock rail and switch rail at 150 mm from the toe of the switch and the point is operated.
- The machine is hand-cranked to close the tongue rail. Detector contact is just make.
- A 3.25mm test gauge is inserted between the switch and stock rail at a distance of 150mm from the toe of the switch.
- The detector connection of the closed switch is adjusted until the appropriate detector contacts are broken.
- Repeat same at the other end of the stroke and tighten relevant nuts.
- Where there is a slide lock, the switch detector is done is done with notional lock. After, complete tests properly locked.
Adjustment of Friction Clutch
- IRS rotary type electric point machines need inspection if the obstruction test draws under 1.75 times the normal operating current.
- Obstruction Test: Adjust point driving rod and lock connections so that with 5 mm thick test piece obstruction between the switch and the stock rail at 150 mm from the toe of the switch:
- Points cannot be locked.
- Point detector contacts should not assume the position indicating point closure.
- Friction clutch should slip.
Testing of Point Machine
- The machine should require the same current to operate in either direction (approximately). Investigate and fix the reason for any imbalance.
- Excessive current indicates friction, rod rubbing, poor packing, lifting of tongue, improper lubrication, or dirt accumulation.
- Test the spring in each switch to provide excess wear or not properly hold the switch against the stock rail, and adjust the point drive rod accordingly.
- Friction clutch (where applicable per manufacturer) must slip at the specified value.
- Replace worn-out pins, ream out holes, and fit a new pin; split pins shall be split out.
- Voltage and current shall be checked periodically at the motor terminals, as per Annexure: 19-MS2.
- Cable and wire insulation and continuity tests are necessary.
- The interlocking point is to be checked periodically.
- Feed to point must automatically disconnect/friction trip during obstruction (per manufacturer specs) and reconnects with a fresh operation.
- Sequential operation of point machines should disconnect within 3.5 times the normal operating time of one machine.
- Each sectional JE/SSE (Signal) tests operating values and adjustments monthly with an obstruction test.
- The Sectional incharge of the section shall carry out these tests once in three months.
Thick Web Switches (TWS)
- Conventional over-riding type switches suffer geometrical deficiencies.
- Tongue rail weakness from heavy machining is worsened by traffic wear, requiring frequent replacement
- Obstruction to the wheel flange at the switch toe from tongue rail thickness and switch entry angle gives vehicles a jerk.
- Twist in the track over a short distance on tongue rails machined from rail of same section because the tongue rail overrides.
- Structural weakness means the entire switch assembly can't withstand lateral forces at higher speeds.
- Thick Web Switches (TWS) overcome the listed deficiency.
- Thick web switches have wider switch openings of 160mm (as against of 115 mm of conventional over riding type of switches).
- Ground connection with clamp lock operates TWS.
- Direct tongue rail locking with stock rail shall be of the approved type.
- TWS needs an approved-type electric point machine with requisite throw for operation and clamp locking.
Ground Connection
- IRS point machines are what is used for ground connection and clamp lock per RDSO Drg. No. RDSO/S-3454 for 60 Kg rail and RDSO/S-3455 for 52 Kg rail, IRS point machine of 220 mm throw is used.
- The locked switch gets unlocked and open rail moves the first 60mms of the 220mm, then the open switch is closed and the locked is open after 100mm, there is a locked point at 60mm.
- Provides direct locking between the tongue rail and stock rail in open/closed positions.
- An approved Spring Setting Device (SSD) at the Rail head junction assists in switch setting up to that junction.
- Place SSDs between sleeper numbers 13 and 14, insulated from both the rails.
- The Engineering Department handles SSD installation and maintenance.
- Perform ground connection and clamp lock as per concerned RDSO drawings/approved guidelines.
Obstruction Test
The test is to ensure that when a 5mm test piece is placed 150mm from the toe of the switch:
- Friction clutch de-clutches the motor from mechanism.
- The point cannot get locked either by clamp lock or by locking segment inside the point machine.
- Lock segment doesn't enter notches of locking slides.
- Switch detection contacts do not make.
- The slipping current is not exceeding twice the normal working current.
Insulation Test
The test is to check for the following:
- Point machine needs to be insulated from the ground connection.
- Spring setting device needs to be insulated from the rails.
- Clamp lock assembly needs to be insulated from the rails.
Installation of Electrical Point Detector (EPD)
- EPDs must be of an approved type and installed clear of all as per approved installations by following the plan.
- Detectors are mounted on either side of a left/right point layout that is clear of infringements.
- Mount detectors on extended sleepers or approved arrangements.
- Adjust contacts to make/break at the same time, where shunt contacts are also set so that make doesn't happen before the detector.
- In AC traction areas, shunt contacts should not be used.
- After installation, before slides are connected, pull them by hand to check for free movement attending to any issues.
- The lock slide should be pulled to make sure roller up with open contacts.
- Adjust electrical detector with thick test piece properly to stop stock movement.
Circuit Controller
- Circuit Controllers are limited except for where the existing components will be replaced They shall not be newly installed except for few such as LC Gates.
- Railways that still have these equipments may refer previous version of SEM Part-II, September 2001.
Section 6: Signalling Relays
- Consult Annexure 21-A1 for information on Signalling Relays.
- Consult para 21.2.1 – Relays – General Requirements
- Consult para 21.2.2 - Installation of Relays
- Consult para 21.2.3 - Sealing of Plug-in Relays
- Consult para 21.2.4 - Maintenance of Relays.
- Consult para 21.2.5 - Periodical Inspection of Relays.
- Consult para 21.2.6 - Replacement of Relays.
Section 7: Fuses
- Fuses must be of approved type and appropriate rating, additional indication circuit is fitted
- Prior to commissioning: normal load current of every circuit is to be measure and compared
- Correct capacity fuses are should be rated no less than 2.5 times the current
- Measure circuit when a fuse blows and compare with the original value.
- For LED signal aspects, use a fuse of the prescribed rating (0.6 Ampere if not prescribed otherwise) .
Section 8: Testing of Signalling Circuits
- Auto Changeover System along with audio & visual indications may minimize fuse failures.
- Reverse polarity protection and overload protection voltage may be provided in the power supply circuit.
- Changeover from main to spare fuse is automatic, preventing signaling circuit malfunctioning.
- The system shall be of approved type and maintained as per Annexure:
19-MS5. - Electrical signalling equipment shall be painted according to the approved Colour Scheme.
- Divide signal installation checking and testing into five groups.
- Physical inspection of the installation
- Cable wiring checks
- Individual circuit testing
- Individual apparatus testing
- System testing.
Test Procedure
- To maintain all system checks and avoid any further problems, use any of a Marking or Selection Table System.
- It is necessary to avoid issues by having a proforma to test equipment.
Testing Instruments
- In order to be safe, use instruments such as Multimeters, Volt Meter, Ammeter, Ohmmeter, Frequency Meters, Bell Testers, Earth Tester, Cable Fault Locator, and Relay Kit.
- Calibration of these instruments should be checked periodically.
Physical Inspection of Installation
- Check that work conforms to approved plans, using equipment of proper type/condition.
- Check the signals, out-door equipment is per approved plans.
- Each location contains all specified as required.
- Equipment consists of points, locks, switches, jumper wiring; and that they are satisfactory.
Checking the Wiring
- Check that the indoor wiring has a diagram.
- The electrolyte, inter-connections between cells, cell voltage is to be correct
- Connections wire tagging must be done for identification
- Terminals should be secured.
Earthing
- Lightning arrestors and arrestors are properly connected as a plan Equipment that is not due for an over-haul
Wiring
- Wiring is tested, and verified for correct, the number of wires, proper for the relay’s contacts, and the wiring diagrams
- It’s recommended clear system for any alterations when wiring with colour codes
- Separate sheets are clear for workers by adopting symbols
Individual Circuits
- Need wiring relays for the circuit
- Check if more paths are needed
- Check all relays for even a small wrong operations
- Once work is cleared, it should be checked by simulation to show the correct wiring
Integrity Test
- Integrity is tested after outdoor equipment tested
- Equipment and interlocking relay is required with operational testing.
Installation, Testing of other equipments & Cables
- Installation & Testing shall follow the specifications applicable and testing individual equipment.
- Use Train Detection of AFTC as a Axle and Track.
- At least two cores of cable cables must be provided between two ends of the yard cater for telephone communication for maintenance purposes in non RE areas.
- Those same lines where a telecommunication can be available if co-ordination of failures between components fails.
- Provided each cable had has different groups.
- Must follow RE requirements through cable
Field Correspondence Tests
- Correct any differences between panel/terminal and the field, prior to safely certifying and allowing Train traffic.
Signal Control Circuits
- Each route should be checked and the operation made a test where de-energizing is applied until all relays and paths have failed.
Approach Locking
- Each circuit is checked if it conflicts and the locking functions correctly
Precautions Testing
- The following is required when working:
- Train is thrown on the face
- No points the unsafe movement is in
- Voltage must be followed correctly
- Never shock a person
Outdoor Singalling
- The following tests can be done:
- Insulation test
- Cable cleaning
Electric Point Machine
- Always keep clean with lubrication based on manual instructions.
Point Machine Testing
- Periodically test and adjust equipment to improve system
- Check the electric components to make sure all circuits are working properly
Earthing Equipment
- All types of components is connected to protected to surge and bonding
Site selection needs to be considered on these points
- Wet grounds that have salt content needs be cleared
- Fine soil needs tests done
- Earth has proper connections needs be examined
- Blocked earth equipment resistance of equipment has to be lowered
Annexures
- This chapter contains multiple annexures which are linked to throughout the document these annexures contain detailed information about the following:
- Annexure 19-A1 has information about the signal sighting committee report which relates to any shifting of existing signals or the erection of new signals
- Annexure 19-A2 has information about the extract of the schedule of dimensions (SOD)
- Annexure 19-A3 has information about the method of how to find out the resistance of an earth
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