25 Questions
Which type of cases do psychologists who are clinical or counselling primarily work on?
Cases involving mental and emotional health issues
What is the main focus of psychologists who are clinical or counselling?
Addressing behavioural and mental health issues
What do clinical psychologists mainly focus on in their work?
Providing therapy for mental health problems
What is the primary role of psychologists working with mental health issues?
Diagnosing and treating mental health problems
Which of the following is a key aspect of the work of psychologists dealing with mental health problems?
Treatment and diagnosis of behavioural and mental health problems
According to Freud, behavior is the outcome of conflicts between which three elements of personality?
ID, ego, and superego
Freud considered personality to be like an iceberg because:
Most of our personality is hidden below the surface of awareness
What mainly dictates that certain impulses should be routinely frustrated?
Social norms
Which element of personality deals with sexual and aggressive impulses according to Freud?
ID
What aspect of personality does Freud believe exists mostly below the level of awareness?
Most of our personality
What type of disorder involves extreme and unwanted mood or emotions?
Mood disorder
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mood disorder?
Stable mood
What distinguishes a mood disorder from other mental health conditions?
Emotional extremes
In a mood disorder, what type of moods are typically experienced?
Extreme and unwanted
Which mental health condition involves moods that are both extreme and uncontrollable?
Bipolar disorder
What is the main focus of the reality principles?
Balancing individual desires with societal norms
How does the ego interact with societal norms according to the reality principles?
It tries to align individual desires with societal expectations
What role does the ego play in relation to society based on the reality principles?
Mediating between personal demands and social standards
What happens when the reality principles are not followed?
Conflict arises between personal desires and societal norms
Which best describes the relationship between ID demands and societal norms as per the reality principles?
An attempt to harmonize personal needs with societal expectations
What are the two most serious types of mood disorders mentioned in the text?
Major depression, bipolar disorder
Which of the following symptoms are NOT associated with the mentioned mood disorders?
Increased sex drive
Who is more likely to experience the thought of death according to the text?
Females
What is a common effect on energy levels in individuals with mood disorders?
Chronic fatigue
What is a notable change in eating patterns mentioned in the text?
Reduced or increased appetite
Study Notes
Types of Psychologists
- Most psychologists are either clinical or counselling psychologists.
Clinical Psychologists
- Study and work on cases involving mental and physical diseases.
- Focus on treatment and diagnosis of behavioural, emotional, and mental health problems.
Freud's Reality Principle
- Describes how the ego tries to bring individual ID demands within societal norms.
- Behaviour is the outcome of an ongoing conflict between the ID, ego, and superego.
ID, Ego, and Superego
- ID: deals with sexual and aggressive impulses.
- Ego: tries to balance ID demands with societal norms.
- Superego: responsible for moral component of personality.
Personality
- According to Freud, personality is like an iceberg, with most of it existing below the level of awareness.
- Only a small part of our personality is visible, while the majority remains hidden.
Mood Disorders
- Involve extreme and unwanted emotions.
- Types of mood disorders:
Major Mood Disorders
- Major depression: characterized by frequent episodes of intense hopelessness, lowered self-esteem, and problems with concentration, decision-making, eating, sleeping, and sexuality.
- Bipolar disorder: a mood disorder that occurs twice as frequently among females.
Test your knowledge of Sigmund Freud's theory of personality, including the concepts of ID, ego, superego, and the role of conflicts in shaping behavior. Explore how Freud viewed personality as an iceberg, with most of it existing below the level of awareness.
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