Sickle Cell Anemia Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes sickle cell anemia?

A group of diseases in which hemoglobin A is completely replaced by normal hemoglobin S
A group of diseases in which hemoglobin A is partly replaced by abnormal sickle hemoglobin S (correct)
A group of diseases in which hemoglobin A is completely replaced by abnormal sickle hemoglobin S
A group of diseases in which hemoglobin A is partly replaced by normal hemoglobin S

Which factor increases the risk of sickle cell anemia?

Having parents heterozygous for hemoglobin S
Being of African American descent
Having parents heterozygous for hemoglobin S and being of African American descent (correct)
None of the above

What test is frequently used for screening purposes in sickle cell anemia?

Complete blood count
Sickle turbidity test (Sickledex) (correct)
Fingerstick test
Hemoglobin electrophoresis

How does the shape of red blood cells change in sickle cell anemia?

<p>They become larger and elongated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional test is necessary to distinguish between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease if the sickle turbidity test is positive?

<p>Hemoglobin electrophoresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sickle Cell Anemia

A group of inherited disorders where normal hemoglobin A is partially replaced by abnormal sickle hemoglobin S.

Risk Factors for Sickle Cell Anemia

Being of African American descent and inheriting the heterozygous hemoglobin S gene from both parents.

Sickle Turbidity Test (Sickledex)

A rapid screening test that detects the presence of sickling hemoglobin but cannot differentiate between sickle cell trait and disease.

Red Blood Cell Shape in Sickle Cell Anemia

Red blood cells transform from a normal, round shape to an elongated, crescent or sickle shape. This change leads to increased fragility and a tendency to clump together, obstructing blood flow in small vessels.

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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis

A laboratory technique used to separate and identify different types of hemoglobin in the blood, allowing differentiation between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.

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Study Notes

Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, leading to rigid and sickle-shaped red blood cells.

Risk Factors

Having a family history of sickle cell anemia increases the risk of developing the disease.

Screening and Diagnosis

The sickle turbidity test is frequently used for screening purposes in sickle cell anemia.
If the sickle turbidity test is positive, a hemoglobin electrophoresis test is necessary to distinguish between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease.