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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of the symptoms experienced by individuals with sickle cell anemia?
What is the main cause of the symptoms experienced by individuals with sickle cell anemia?
- Tissue damage
- Crescent-like shape of red blood cells (correct)
- Swelling
- High fever and severe pain
What is the advantage of having the sickle cell trait according to the text?
What is the advantage of having the sickle cell trait according to the text?
- Immunity to malaria (correct)
- Immunity to high fever
- Immunity to severe pain
- Immunity to tissue damage
In terms of genetics, what is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
In terms of genetics, what is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
- Genotype refers to dominant traits, phenotype refers to inferior traits.
- Genotype is genetic makeup, phenotype is physical characteristics. (correct)
- Genotype is physical characteristics inherited from parents, phenotype is genetic makeup.
- Genotype controls characteristics, phenotype carries sequences of DNA.
What term is used to describe a specific version of a gene?
What term is used to describe a specific version of a gene?
What does polygenic mean in the context of genetics?
What does polygenic mean in the context of genetics?
What interaction does environmental interaction refer to in genetics?
What interaction does environmental interaction refer to in genetics?
What characteristic defines sickle cell anemia?
What characteristic defines sickle cell anemia?
How does the sickle cell trait differ from full-blown sickle cell disease?
How does the sickle cell trait differ from full-blown sickle cell disease?
What is the significance of the sickle cell trait in terms of protection against Malaria?
What is the significance of the sickle cell trait in terms of protection against Malaria?
What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
What does the term 'allele' refer to in genetics?
What does the term 'allele' refer to in genetics?
In genetics, what characterizes a homozygous individual?
In genetics, what characterizes a homozygous individual?
What is the role of genes in contributing to certain patterns of behavior and cognition?
What is the role of genes in contributing to certain patterns of behavior and cognition?
What do evolutionary psychologists primarily focus on studying?
What do evolutionary psychologists primarily focus on studying?
Which term refers to the genetic makeup of an individual?
Which term refers to the genetic makeup of an individual?
In genetics, what does being homozygous mean?
In genetics, what does being homozygous mean?
What is the main difference between genotype and phenotype?
What is the main difference between genotype and phenotype?
What contributes to a species' adaptation to its environment?
What contributes to a species' adaptation to its environment?
What results from a sudden and permanent change in a gene?
What results from a sudden and permanent change in a gene?
What term describes a characteristic controlled by more than one gene?
What term describes a characteristic controlled by more than one gene?
What does the term 'allele' specifically represent?
What does the term 'allele' specifically represent?
What concept describes the unique interaction between an individual's genetic makeup and their environment?
What concept describes the unique interaction between an individual's genetic makeup and their environment?
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Sickle Cell Anemia and Genetics
- Symptoms of sickle cell anemia primarily arise from the distortion of red blood cells, which impairs blood flow and leads to pain and potential organ damage.
- Individuals with the sickle cell trait have a genetic advantage as they possess some resistance to malaria, while not suffering from the full effects of sickle cell disease.
- Genotype refers to the specific genetic constitution of an individual, while phenotype encompasses the physical expression of those genes influenced by environmental factors.
- An allele represents a specific version of a gene, contributing to variations in traits.
- Polygenic implies that a characteristic is influenced by multiple genes, rather than a single gene.
- Environmental interaction in genetics involves how environmental factors affect the expression of genes and phenotypes.
- Sickle cell anemia is characterized by the production of hemoglobin S, which causes red blood cells to become rigid and sickle-shaped under low oxygen conditions.
- The sickle cell trait differs from full-blown sickle cell disease in that carriers (trait individuals) typically do not exhibit severe symptoms, unlike those with the disease who face significant health challenges.
- The sickle cell trait's significance lies in its protection against malaria; individuals with the trait may have enhanced survival rates in malaria-endemic regions.
- Genotype and phenotype are interrelated, as genotype determines the genetic potential for a phenotype but environmental factors also play a crucial role in phenotype expression.
- In genetics, an allele indicates alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation.
- A homozygous individual has two identical alleles for a specific gene, affecting trait expression.
- Genes play a substantial role in shaping behaviors and cognitive processes, linking genetics and psychology.
- Evolutionary psychologists primarily study the underlying psychological traits shaped by evolutionary processes.
- The genetic makeup of an individual is referred to as their genotype.
- Being homozygous means possessing identical alleles for a specific trait.
- Differences between genotype and phenotype are significant, with genotype being the genetic basis while phenotype represents observable traits.
- Adaptation to the environment is influenced by natural selection and genetic variability within a species.
- A mutation results from a sudden and permanent change in a gene, which can lead to new traits or diseases.
- A characteristic controlled by more than one gene is known as polygenic, contributing to the complexity of inherited traits.
- Alleles specifically represent variations of a gene that can manifest in different ways within individuals.
- The concept of gene-environment interaction describes the unique influences of genetic makeup on how individuals respond to their environment.
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