Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two main muscles involved in shoulder flexion?
What are the two main muscles involved in shoulder flexion?
Deltoid (anterior fibers) and Coracobrachialis
What is the range of motion (ROM) for shoulder flexion?
What is the range of motion (ROM) for shoulder flexion?
0-80° or 90°
What is the recommended position of the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the recommended position of the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
Short sitting with arms at sides, elbow slightly flexed, forearm pronated
In which position does the therapist stand during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
In which position does the therapist stand during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What are the instructions given to the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What are the instructions given to the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the grading for Grade 5 (Normal) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the grading for Grade 5 (Normal) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the position of the patient for Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the position of the patient for Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the grading for Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the grading for Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the alternate position for conducting the muscle test for Grades 2, 1, and 0?
What is the alternate position for conducting the muscle test for Grades 2, 1, and 0?
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What is the potential substitution by the upper trapezius during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the potential substitution by the upper trapezius during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the potential substitution by the pectoralis major during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the potential substitution by the pectoralis major during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the instruction given to the patient for the Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the instruction given to the patient for the Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the position of the therapist for Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the position of the therapist for Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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What is the potential substitution by the biceps brachii if the deltoid is absent during the shoulder flexion test?
What is the potential substitution by the biceps brachii if the deltoid is absent during the shoulder flexion test?
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What can the patient do to avoid the attempted substitution by the biceps brachii during shoulder flexion test?
What can the patient do to avoid the attempted substitution by the biceps brachii during shoulder flexion test?
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What is the helpful hint regarding the coracobrachialis muscle during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
What is the helpful hint regarding the coracobrachialis muscle during the muscle test for shoulder flexion?
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The position of the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion is standing with arms at sides and elbow slightly flexed.
The position of the patient during the muscle test for shoulder flexion is standing with arms at sides and elbow slightly flexed.
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The therapist stands at the tested side with one hand giving resistance over the proximal humerus just above the elbow.
The therapist stands at the tested side with one hand giving resistance over the proximal humerus just above the elbow.
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The patient should be instructed to raise their arm forward to shoulder height and hold it while attempting to push it down during the muscle test for shoulder flexion.
The patient should be instructed to raise their arm forward to shoulder height and hold it while attempting to push it down during the muscle test for shoulder flexion.
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The deltoid anterior fibers are considered the accessory muscles involved in shoulder flexion.
The deltoid anterior fibers are considered the accessory muscles involved in shoulder flexion.
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The scapula should be allowed to adduct and downwardly rotate during the shoulder flexion muscle test.
The scapula should be allowed to adduct and downwardly rotate during the shoulder flexion muscle test.
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The grading for Grade 4 (Good) muscle test for shoulder flexion is holding the end position against maximal resistance.
The grading for Grade 4 (Good) muscle test for shoulder flexion is holding the end position against maximal resistance.
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During the Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the patient tolerates resistance to complete the test range (90°).
During the Grade 3 (Fair) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the patient tolerates resistance to complete the test range (90°).
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The alternate test position for Grades 2, 1, and 0 for the shoulder flexion muscle test is the supine position.
The alternate test position for Grades 2, 1, and 0 for the shoulder flexion muscle test is the supine position.
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For Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the patient completes full range of motion against gravity.
For Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the patient completes full range of motion against gravity.
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The coracobrachialis muscle can be isolated and readily palpated during the shoulder flexion muscle test.
The coracobrachialis muscle can be isolated and readily palpated during the shoulder flexion muscle test.
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If the deltoid is absent during the shoulder flexion test, the patient may attempt to substitute with the triceps brachii.
If the deltoid is absent during the shoulder flexion test, the patient may attempt to substitute with the triceps brachii.
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The therapist stands at the non-tested side during the Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion.
The therapist stands at the non-tested side during the Grade 2 (Poor) muscle test for shoulder flexion.
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During the Grade 1 (Trace) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the examiner feels or sees contractile activity in the anterior deltoid, but no motion occurs.
During the Grade 1 (Trace) muscle test for shoulder flexion, the examiner feels or sees contractile activity in the anterior deltoid, but no motion occurs.
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The patient may lean forward to assist in shoulder flexion during the muscle test.
The patient may lean forward to assist in shoulder flexion during the muscle test.
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The upper trapezius may result in horizontal adduction as a potential substitution during the muscle test for shoulder flexion.
The upper trapezius may result in horizontal adduction as a potential substitution during the muscle test for shoulder flexion.
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The position of the therapist during the muscle test for shoulder flexion is facing away from the tested side.
The position of the therapist during the muscle test for shoulder flexion is facing away from the tested side.
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