Shoulder Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve innervates the supraspinatus muscle?

  • Suprascapular nerve (correct)
  • Axillary nerve
  • Radial nerve
  • Musculocutaneous nerve
  • What common anatomical structure does the axillary nerve pass through to reach the posterior scapular region?

  • Suprascapular foramen
  • Spinoglenoid notch
  • Triangular space
  • Quadrangular space (correct)
  • Which nerve carries general sensation from the skin over the inferior part of the deltoid muscle?

  • Suprascapular nerve
  • Radial nerve
  • Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
  • Superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm (correct)
  • Which artery is NOT found in the posterior scapular region?

    <p>Anterior circumflex humeral artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which part of the brachial plexus does the suprascapular nerve originate?

    <p>Superior trunk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What bones make up the framework of the shoulder region?

    <p>Clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for elevating the scapula?

    <p>Levator scapulae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the deltoid muscle?

    <p>Abducting the arm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle works with the trapezius to position the scapula on the trunk?

    <p>Rhomboid minor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trapezius muscle is innervated primarily by which nerve?

    <p>Accessory nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rhomboid major muscle?

    <p>Elevating and retracting the scapula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is not directly palpated between the trapezius and deltoid muscles?

    <p>Humerus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles helps in the abduction of the arm?

    <p>Deltoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms the suprascapular foramen?

    <p>Suprascapular notch and the superior transverse scapular ligament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve passes through the quadrangular space?

    <p>Axillary nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the triangular space?

    <p>Bridging the axilla to the posterior scapular region (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery passes through the triangular space?

    <p>Circumflex scapular artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerves primarily innervate the posterior scapular region?

    <p>Suprascapular and axillary nerves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures pass through the triangular interval?

    <p>Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are generally associated with the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

    <p>Teres major and teres minor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the suprascapular nerve?

    <p>Innervating the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff?

    <p>Teres major (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the teres minor muscle?

    <p>Axillary nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the infraspinatus muscle?

    <p>Lateral rotation of the arm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure serves as a gateway to the posterior scapular region?

    <p>Suprascapular foramen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle assists with abduction of the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>Supraspinatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the long head of the triceps brachii perform at the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>Extension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle?

    <p>Medial two-thirds of the supraspinous fossa of the scapula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle's insertion is the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus on the anterior surface of the humerus?

    <p>Teres major (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery originates at the base of the neck as a branch of the thyrocervical trunk?

    <p>Suprascapular artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the posterior circumflex humeral artery?

    <p>Supply blood to the glenohumeral joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery enters the posterior scapular region through the triangular space?

    <p>Circumflex scapular artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the vascular network in the posterior scapular region?

    <p>It consists of interconnections between major arteries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is a branch of the subscapular artery?

    <p>Circumflex scapular artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Shoulder bones

    Clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus form the shoulder's skeletal framework.

    Trapezius muscle

    Broad, superficial muscle connecting scapula and clavicle to the trunk.

    Deltoid muscle

    Superficial muscle attaching scapula, clavicle to the humerus.

    Scapular muscles (levator, rhomboids)

    Deep muscles connecting scapula to spine for stability and movement with trapezius.

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    Trapezius function

    Elevates, retracts, and rotates the scapula; shrugs shoulders.

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    Deltoid function

    Abducts the arm; clavicular fibers flex, posterior fibers extend the arm.

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    Levator scapulae function

    Elevates the scapula.

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    Rhomboid function

    Elevates and retracts scapula.

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    Posterior Scapular Region Muscles

    Four muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major) and long head of triceps brachii. Located deep to trapezius and deltoid, on scapula's posterior.

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    Rotator Cuff Muscles

    Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor; stabilize the glenohumeral joint.

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    Supraspinatus Function

    Abduction of the arm and stabilization of the shoulder joint.

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    Infraspinatus Function

    Lateral rotation of the arm and joint stabilization.

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    Teres Minor Function

    Lateral arm rotation and shoulder joint stabilization.

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    Teres Major Function

    Medial rotation and arm extension at the shoulder.

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    Long Head of Triceps Function

    Extends the elbow and assists in arm extension at the shoulder.

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    Suprascapular Foramen

    Opening formed by scapula's notch and ligament, allowing passage to the posterior scapular region.

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    Quadrangular Space

    A space connecting the axilla and posterior scapular region, traversed by the axillary nerve and blood vessels.

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    Triangular Space

    An area between the axilla and posterior scapular region, containing the circumflex scapular artery and vein.

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    Triangular Interval

    A space connecting anterior, and posterior arm compartments to the axilla, traversed by the radial nerve and blood vessels.

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    Suprascapular Nerve

    A nerve originating from the brachial plexus, passing through the suprascapular foramen.

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    Axillary Nerve

    A nerve traveling through the quadrangular space, supplying muscles of the shoulder.

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    Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

    An artery that travels through the quadrangular space, supplying the shoulder.

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    Circumflex Scapular Artery

    An artery traversing the Triangular space, supplying the scapula.

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    Suprascapular Nerve Origin

    Originates from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus, in the base of the neck.

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    Suprascapular Nerve Function (1)

    Innervates the supraspinatus muscle.

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    Axillary Nerve Origin

    Originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

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    Axillary Nerve Function (1)

    Innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles.

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    Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery Location

    Found in the posterior scapular region, accompanying the vein.

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    Suprascapular artery origin

    The suprascapular artery arises from the thyrocervical trunk, a branch of the subclavian artery, or directly from the third part of the subclavian artery.

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    Posterior circumflex humeral

    This artery branches from the axillary artery and travels through the quadrangular space to reach the posterior scapular region.

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    Which artery supplies the supraspinatus?

    The suprascapular artery supplies both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.

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    Where does the posterior circumflex humeral enter?

    The posterior circumflex humeral artery enters the posterior scapular region through the quadrangular space.

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