Short Term Memory Quiz: Test Your Working Memory

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Questions and Answers

What did Waugh and Norman's Decay Hypothesis predict about the Brown-Peterson Task?

No difference in forgetting between the two conditions

Greater forgetting in the slower condition (correct)

Complete retention in both conditions

Greater forgetting in the faster condition

What did Keppel and Underwood find about performance on the Brown-Peterson Task?

Stayed constant across all trials

Worsened on later trials, indicating interference (correct)

Improved on later trials, indicating retention

Depended on the presentation rate of digits

What did Glanzer and Cunitz find about the recency effect in memory?

A distractor task wiped out the recency effect but not the primacy effect (correct)

Both primacy and recency effects were wiped out by a distractor task

The recency effect was more pronounced with a distractor task

A distractor task wiped out the primacy effect but not the recency effect

What strategy did Sternberg's STM Scanning Task use?

Serial exhaustive search strategy Signup and view all the answers

Which types of codes in Short-Term Memory (STM) were discussed in the text?

Verbal, semantic, visual, and logographic codes Signup and view all the answers

What did Wickens provide examples of in the Brown-Peterson Task?

Release from Proactive Interference (PI) Signup and view all the answers

What did Sternberg's methodological advance involve?

Examining process B when it was repeated one to several times per trial Signup and view all the answers

Which components are part of Working Memory according to the text?

Central Executive, Visuo-Spatial Sketch Pad, Articulatory Loop, and Episodic Buffer. Signup and view all the answers

What did Waugh and Norman's results indicate about their Decay Hypothesis?

Little difference between forgetting in different presentation rate conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What did Glanzer and Cunitz's findings suggest about memory systems?

Different memory systems for primacy and recency effects. Signup and view all the answers

What were discussed as two types of interfering effects in memory?

Proactive Interference (PI) and Retroactive Interference (RI) Signup and view all the answers

Which term emphasizes both processing and storage of information?

Working Memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of the Brown-Peterson Task?

To determine the duration of nonrehearsed information in STM Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chunking in memory?

To increase the capacity of Short-Term Memory Signup and view all the answers

What is Miller's Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two related to?

$STM$ capacity Signup and view all the answers

What does decay (or fading) refer to in memory?

Loss of a memory trace due to passage of time Signup and view all the answers

Which term is synonymous with Short-Term Memory?

$Temporary$ Memory Signup and view all the answers

What is recoding in the context of memory?

To group items together and remember the newly formed groups Signup and view all the answers

What does the Brown-Peterson Task involve counting backwards by?

$3$s Signup and view all the answers

What does Mnemonic Devices primarily involve?

To assist in the retrieval of long-term memories Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The text discusses experiments related to Short-Term Memory (STM) and the mechanisms of forgetting
Waugh and Norman (1965) conducted an experiment on the Brown-Peterson Task, where subjects remembered digits presented at different rates
Waugh and Norman's Decay Hypothesis predicted greater forgetting in the slower condition, but their results showed little difference between the two conditions
The Interference Hypothesis predicts similar recall curves for both conditions, and their results support this
Keppel and Underwood (1962) found that performance on the Brown-Peterson Task worsened on later trials, indicating interference
Proactive Interference (PI) and Retroactive Interference (RI) were discussed as two types of interfering effects
Wickens (1972) provided examples of release from PI in the Brown-Peterson Task
The text discusses different types of recall (free vs. serial) and serial position effects (primacy vs. recency)
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) found that a distractor task wiped out the recency effect but not the primacy effect, suggesting different memory systems
Sternberg's (1966) methodological advance involved examining process B when it was repeated one to several times per trial
Sternberg's STM Scanning Task used a serial exhaustive search strategy
Multiple codes in STM were discussed, including verbal, semantic, visual, and logographic codes
Working memory was introduced as a separate system from STM, with components including the Central Executive, Visuo-Spatial Sketch Pad, Articulatory Loop, and Episodic Buffer.
The text discusses neuropsychological evidence for working memory and individual differences in working memory capacity.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the aspects of short-term working memory, including where the immediately present moment is held in consciousness, where active mental effort is expended, and where comprehension takes place. Explore synonyms and differences between short-term and working memory.