Shock Management and Hypocalcaemia

AKI with positive urinalysis usually indicates pre-renal cause.

The goal of IV fluids management in AKI is to aim for a systolic blood pressure below 100 mmHg.

ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with hyperkalaemia.

Loop diuretics are recommended by NICE for the treatment of AKI.

Potassium-sparing diuretics are safe to use in patients with hyperkalaemia.

Effervescent tablets are a suitable formulation for patients with AKI.

In patients with renal impairment, vitamin D in the form of calecalciferol is metabolised normally.

For adults, the MARD equation estimates creatinine clearance.

A fluid bolus of 1000ml of crystalloid should be initially given to patients requiring fluid resuscitation.

Calcium acetate is the 2nd line treatment for patients with renal impairment.

Ferinject calculation is based on serum calcium levels and renal function.

A slow IV injection of calcium gluconate injection 10% should be given rapidly to patients with hypocalcaemia.

Furosemide should be injected rapidly when given IV to achieve a quick diuretic effect.

A 1-litre fluid prescription is suitable for a patient with oedema.

Administering furosemide at 10pm can help improve sleep quality.

A loop diuretic overdose can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

Withholding fluid prescription can help prevent dehydration in patients with AKI.

Omitting hyperkalaemia medication can have no significant consequences for patients with AKI.