48 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of shock?
Decreased coagulation
Which of the following is a characteristic of shock regardless of its underlying cause?
Acute alteration of circulation
Which of the following is a consequence of stimulation of the inflammatory responses in shock?
Multiple organ failure
Which of the following is a common manifestation of shock?
Decreased urine output
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of shock?
Increased urine output
Which of the following is a sign of shock?
Pale and clammy skin
Which of the following is a potential cause of abnormal tissue perfusion resulting in shock?
Failure of the heart to act as an effective pump
Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of abnormal tissue perfusion resulting in shock?
Increased tissue oxygenation
Which type of shock is characterized by low preload due to reduced intravascular volume?
Hypovolemic shock
Which etiology is NOT commonly associated with cardiogenic shock?
Sepsis
Which type of shock is characterized by low systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
Distributive shock
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of hypovolaemic shock?
Pancreatitis
Which of the following is a potential cause of non-hemorrhagic losses leading to hypovolaemic shock?
Dehydration
Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of hypovolaemic shock?
High blood pressure
Which type of shock is characterized by low systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
Neurogenic shock
Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of hypovolemic shock?
Pulseless Electrical Activity
Which of the following is a consequence of activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system in hypovolemic shock?
Increased glomerular filtration rate
Which of the following is a potential cause of impaired myocardial contractility in hypovolemic shock?
Inadequate oxygen delivery
Which of the following is the equation used to calculate blood pressure?
BP = CO × PVR
Which of the following is a compensatory response of the heart to low blood flow in vessels?
Increased heart rate
Which of the following is a potential cause of impaired myocardial contractility in hypovolemic shock?
Myocardial ischemia
Which of the following is a sign of shock?
Cold, pale, or mottled extremities
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of cardiogenic shock?
Severe tachycardia
Which of the following is a consequence of cardiogenic shock?
Poor organ perfusion
Which of the following is a potential cause of pulmonary edema in cardiogenic shock?
Build-up of blood in the venous system
Which of the following is a potential consequence of impaired myocardial contractility in cardiogenic shock?
Low cardiac output
Which of the following is a characteristic of distributive shock?
Hypotension and inadequate organ perfusion
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of neurogenic shock?
Adrenal insufficiency
Which of the following is a consequence of anaphylactic shock?
Severe bronchospasm
Which of the following is a potential cause of distributive shock?
Sepsis
Which of the following is a compensatory response of the heart to low blood flow in vessels?
Tachycardia
Which of the following is a potential consequence of an increased difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure?
Bounding Pulses
Which of the following conditions can lead to obstructive shock?
Cardiac tamponade
What happens to the venous pressure in obstructive shock?
It increases
What is a potential consequence of obstructive shock in the brain?
Cerebral hypoxia
Which of the following is a sign of obstructive shock?
Peripheral edema
Which of the following is a potential consequence of severe hemorrhage?
Decreased blood pressure
Which of the following is a potential cause of shock resulting from the escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel?
Hemorrhage
Which of the following is an example of a negative-feedback mechanism that raises arterial blood pressure toward normal in response to a reduction in pressure?
Renal conservation of salt and water
Which of the following is a compensatory response of the body to hemorrhage?
Reduced blood volume
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sympathetic activation in response to hemorrhage?
Decreased renal perfusion
Which of the following is a consequence of increased sympathetic activity during the immediate compensatory response to hemorrhage?
Vasoconstriction of arterioles and veins
Which hormone is released during the immediate compensatory response to hemorrhage and induces vasoconstriction?
Vasopressin (ADH)
Which of the following is stimulated during the immediate compensatory response to hemorrhage and plays a role in increasing blood volume?
Renin-angiotensin system
Which of the following is the primary driving force for the use of autologous blood transfusion?
To reduce the risk of transmission of infection
What is the net effect of reduced hydrostatic pressure in capillary (Pc) and increased oncotic pressure in tissues (πi) in haemorrhage?
Favors reabsorption
What happens to tissue hydrostatic pressure (Pi) in dehydration?
It is reduced
What factors favor the use of autologous blood transfusion?
Reduced risk of infection transmission and scarce resource protection
Test your knowledge on shock, a complex syndrome characterized by alterations in compensatory mechanisms that result in circulatory and respiratory underperfusion, increased coagulation, and stimulation of inflammatory responses. This quiz will cover the causes, symptoms, and consequences of shock, as well as the management and treatment options.
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