EMT Chapter 13: Shock Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

A 20 year old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. What should you do?

Wrap the towel with pressure bandages

Administer high-flow supplemental oxygen

Apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist (correct)

Apply pressure to the brachial artery

Patients develop septic shock secondary to:

An infection that weakens cardiac contractions

Weak vessel tone caused by nervous system damage

Poor vessel function and severe volume loss (correct)

Failures of the blood vessels to adequately dilate

In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, what is the MOST appropriate treatment for a construction worker who fell and is showing signs of shock?

Assisted ventilation, preventing hyperthermia, and elevating his lower extremities

Oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, blankets for warmth, and elevation of his head

Assisted ventilation, thermal management, and elevation of the lower extremities (correct)

Oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, thermal management, and elevation of his legs

What intervention will provide a 25-year-old female patient with the greatest chance of survival after a traumatic accident?

Rapid transport to a trauma center Signup and view all the answers

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, what is important to remember?

Blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock Signup and view all the answers

A 70 year-old female is exhibiting restlessness and low blood pressure after hip replacement surgery. What should you be most suspicious of?

Septic shock Signup and view all the answers

All of the following conditions should make you suspect shock, EXCEPT:

Ischemic stroke Signup and view all the answers

Capillary sphincters are:

Circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Cardiogenic shock may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:

Increased preload Signup and view all the answers

Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Absent peripheral pulses Signup and view all the answers

Distributive shock occurs when:

Widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds Signup and view all the answers

Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of:

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by:

Hypothermia Signup and view all the answers

Neurogenic shock occurs when:

Failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during:

Cardiogenic shock Signup and view all the answers

Shock is the result of:

Hypoperfusion to the cells of the body Signup and view all the answers

One of the primary waste products of normal cellular metabolism that must be removed by the lungs is:

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from the organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as:

The skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injuries would most likely cause obstructive shock?

Cardiac tamponade Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical sign is unique to anaphylactic shock?

Wheezing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions can prevent death from a tension pneumothorax?

Decompression of the injured side of the chest Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?

A female with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding anaphylactic shock is most correct?

Subsequent exposure following sensitization produces a more severe reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?

Liver laceration Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Shock Management

Apply a tourniquet proximal to a lacerated area for severe bleeding control.
Septic shock results from poor vessel function and substantial volume loss.
Assist ventilation, thermal management, and elevating lower extremities are critical for spinal injury patients with low blood pressure.

Trauma and Shock Types

Rapid transport to a trauma center is vital for patients with signs of shock from intrathoracic bleeding.
Psychogenic shock involves temporary vasodilation and syncope due to sudden nervous system reactions.
Blood pressure may be the last measurable change in patients showing signs of shock.

Signs and Symptoms

A post-operative elderly female with tachycardia and low blood pressure is likely experiencing septic shock.
Conditions commonly misidentified as shock include severe infection and anaphylaxis, but ischemic stroke does not typically present as shock.
Capillary sphincters regulate blood flow through capillaries and are essential for perfusion adjustments.

Causes and Types of Shock

Cardiogenic shock can arise from increased afterload or heart attack but not increased preload.
Clinical signs of compensated shock do not include absent peripheral pulses.
Distributive shock stems from widespread vasodilation, causing blood pooling in vascular beds.

Fluid Loss and Shock Types

Hypovolemic shock from burns results in plasma loss, affecting fluid balance.
Neurogenic shock often accompanies hypothermia due to spinal injuries.
Both pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur in cardiogenic shock.

Body Responses and Metabolism

Shock signifies a state of hypoperfusion to body cells, necessitating immediate attention.
Carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular metabolism, must be expelled by the lungs.
In the event of shock, blood flow is redirected away from less essential organs, such as the skin.

Emergency Interventions

Cardiac tamponade most likely causes obstructive shock among various injuries.
Wheezing is a clinical sign unique to anaphylactic shock.
Decompression of the chest is essential for preventing death from tension pneumothorax.

Shock Evaluation

A patient with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils is in decompensated shock.
Anaphylactic shock reactions worsen upon subsequent exposure to an allergen due to sensitization.
Hemorrhagic shock is most likely caused by a severe liver laceration.

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Description

Test your knowledge on shock management with these EMT chapter 13 flashcards. Covering topics like lacerations, bleeding control, and septic shock, this quiz is essential for aspiring EMTs. Perfect for studying and reinforcing key concepts in emergency medical care.