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Shigella: She Gorilla's Circus Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about Shigella is incorrect?

It is a Gram-negative enteric bacteria that causes gastroenteritis.

It is motile and produces hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on MacConkey agar. (correct)

Its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin leads to inflammation.

It produces green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar and is indole positive.

What is the mechanism by which Shigella causes cellular invasion?

It induces M cells in Peyer's patches to phagocytose it, then escapes the phagolysosome. (correct)

It directly injects its toxins into host cells through a type III secretion system.

It uses its flagella to drill through the host cell membrane.

It secretes enzymes that digest the host cell membrane.

What is the significance of Shigella being 'acid stable'?

It uses acid as a source of energy for its metabolism.

It can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach. (correct)

It produces acidic metabolites that damage host cells.

It requires an acidic environment for optimal growth.

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Shigella dysentery (shigelosis)?

Bloody, inflammatory diarrhea with fever and tenesmus. Signup and view all the answers

How does Shigella spread from cell to cell within the host?

By utilizing the host cell's actin cytoskeleton to propel itself. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with Shigella infection in children under 10 years of age?

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of Shigella is depicted by the 'Red Stool with flames surrounding it' in the text?

Produces bloody, inflammatory diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Green Tutu' in the text represent about Shigella?

Shigella is indole positive, unlike Salmonella Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Chained to the weight' in the text indicate about Shigella?

Shigella is immotile and non-lactose fermenting Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Shigella being 'acid stable' as mentioned in the text?

Shigella requires fewer organisms to cause infection Signup and view all the answers

How does Shigella use the host cell's actin cytoskeleton as described in the text?

Shigella creates a tail to propel itself from one cell to another Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication associated with Shigella infection in children under 10 years of age?

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Shigella Characteristics

Gram-negative, enteric bacteria causing gastroenteritis
Leads to watery diarrhea, followed by bloody diarrhea

Colony Characteristics

Green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar
INDOLE POSITIVE, differentiating it from Salmonella, which grows black

Motility and Metabolism

Immotile, non-lactose fermentation on MacConkey agar
Non-H2S producing

Pathogenesis

LPS (endotoxin) leads to inflammation and tissue damage
Causes cellular membrane ruffling, leading to cell-to-cell passage
Facultative intracellular, similar to Salmonella

Disease and Symptoms

Causes Shigellosis, a severe form of enterocolitis
Presents with fever, lower abdominal cramps, tenesmus, and bloody, inflammatory diarrhea

Complications

Can lead to Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) in children under 10 years old

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Description

Test your knowledge on Shigella, a Gram-negative enteric bacterium that causes gastroenteritis leading to watery and bloody diarrhea. Learn about its distinguishing features such as green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar, indole positivity, and immotility.