Shigella: She Gorilla's Circus Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about Shigella is incorrect?

  • It is a Gram-negative enteric bacteria that causes gastroenteritis.
  • It is motile and produces hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on MacConkey agar. (correct)
  • Its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin leads to inflammation.
  • It produces green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar and is indole positive.

    • What is the mechanism by which Shigella causes cellular invasion?

  • It induces M cells in Peyer's patches to phagocytose it, then escapes the phagolysosome. (correct)
  • It directly injects its toxins into host cells through a type III secretion system.
  • It uses its flagella to drill through the host cell membrane.
  • It secretes enzymes that digest the host cell membrane.

    • What is the significance of Shigella being 'acid stable'?

  • It uses acid as a source of energy for its metabolism.
  • It can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach. (correct)
  • It produces acidic metabolites that damage host cells.
  • It requires an acidic environment for optimal growth.

    • Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Shigella dysentery (shigelosis)?

    <p>Bloody, inflammatory diarrhea with fever and tenesmus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Shigella spread from cell to cell within the host?

    <p>By utilizing the host cell's actin cytoskeleton to propel itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with Shigella infection in children under 10 years of age?

    <p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of Shigella is depicted by the 'Red Stool with flames surrounding it' in the text?

    <p>Produces bloody, inflammatory diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Green Tutu' in the text represent about Shigella?

    <p>Shigella is indole positive, unlike Salmonella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Chained to the weight' in the text indicate about Shigella?

    <p>Shigella is immotile and non-lactose fermenting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Shigella being 'acid stable' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Shigella requires fewer organisms to cause infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Shigella use the host cell's actin cytoskeleton as described in the text?

    <p>Shigella creates a tail to propel itself from one cell to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication associated with Shigella infection in children under 10 years of age?

    <p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Shigella Characteristics

    • Gram-negative, enteric bacteria causing gastroenteritis
    • Leads to watery diarrhea, followed by bloody diarrhea

    Colony Characteristics

    • Green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar
    • INDOLE POSITIVE, differentiating it from Salmonella, which grows black

    Motility and Metabolism

    • Immotile, non-lactose fermentation on MacConkey agar
    • Non-H2S producing

    Pathogenesis

    • LPS (endotoxin) leads to inflammation and tissue damage
    • Causes cellular membrane ruffling, leading to cell-to-cell passage
    • Facultative intracellular, similar to Salmonella

    Disease and Symptoms

    • Causes Shigellosis, a severe form of enterocolitis
    • Presents with fever, lower abdominal cramps, tenesmus, and bloody, inflammatory diarrhea

    Complications

    • Can lead to Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) in children under 10 years old

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Shigella, a Gram-negative enteric bacterium that causes gastroenteritis leading to watery and bloody diarrhea. Learn about its distinguishing features such as green colonies on Hektoen-enteric agar, indole positivity, and immotility.

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