Shigella Infections Quiz

<p>1-3 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are motile gram-negative bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shigella infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Watery diarrhea and fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invasiveness and adherence to host cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Watery diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylene blue staining of feces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supportive treatment for dehydration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has both enterotoxic and cytotoxic properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1% salt addition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oral fecal route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rice-water appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacterial colonization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Up to 10% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helical and microaerophilic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unstable strains of Vibrio cholerae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxin-Capture Proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through osmotic regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All species ferment lactose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enterobacter - Tuberculosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H2S producing from thiosulfate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using O and H antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Typhoid fever (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salmonella bongori (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are resistant to bile salts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salmonella enteritidis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute gastroenteritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gram-negative, enteric, facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped prokaryote that causes bacillary dysentery, often found in water contaminated with human feces.

A genus of bacteria that includes four species: S. sonnei, S.flexneri, S. boydii, and S. dysenteriae. All species can cause bacillary dysentery.

A disease caused by Shigella bacteria, characterized by bloody diarrhea, intestinal pain, and fever. It's often referred to as bacillary dysentery.

The most common type of Shigella found in the industrial world.

The most common type of Shigella found in developing countries.

A type of toxin produced by bacteria that specifically targets the intestines, leading to watery diarrhea and other symptoms.

Inflammation of the intestines, particularly the colon, characterized by severe abdominal cramps, straining to defecate, and bloody, mucus-filled stools.

A type of dysentery caused by a bacterial infection, often involving invasion of the intestinal lining and production of toxins.

A bacterial infection characterized by a two-stage disease process:

A potent toxin produced by Shigella bacteria, responsible for both enterotoxic (affecting intestines) and cytotoxic (damaging cells) effects. Similar to Shiga-like toxin produced by E. coli.

A diagnostic method for Shigella infections that involves staining stool samples with methylene blue and examining them under a microscope.

The primary treatment for Shigellosis, focusing on replacing lost fluids and electrolytes to combat dehydration.

Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacilli that are facultative anaerobes. They are oxidase negative and reduce nitrates to nitrites. While they all ferment glucose, not all species ferment lactose.

A genus of bacteria that includes four species: S. sonnei, S.flexneri, S. boydii, and S. dysenteriae. All species can cause bacillary dysentery.

A disease caused by Shigella bacteria, characterized by bloody diarrhea, intestinal pain, and fever.

A generic term for any illness caused by Salmonella bacteria, including enteric fever, food poisoning, and septicemia.

Salmonella enterica (six subspecies) and Salmonella bongori

The most common type of Shigella found in the industrial world.

The most common type of Shigella found in developing countries.

Salmonella - rod prokaryote (dividing); note the flagella. Causes salmonellosis (food poisoning).

A severe and dangerous form of salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Typhi, characterized by fever, headache, intestinal bleeding, and potential liver damage.

A specific type of Vibrio bacteria that causes cholera, a severe diarrheal disease. It is characterized by its ability to produce cholera toxin, which disrupts the normal function of intestinal cells, leading to severe dehydration.

A toxic protein produced by V. cholerae that binds to intestinal cells, causing them to release large amounts of fluids and electrolytes, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.

A type of bacterial adhesion, a protein found on the surface of V. cholerae, that helps the bacteria attach to the lining of the small intestine, facilitating colonization and toxin production.

The ability of V. cholerae to multiply and establish itself within the intestinal tract. This is essential for the bacterium to produce enough cholera toxin to cause severe disease.

A state of severe fluid loss, often due to cholera infection, characterized by sunken eyes, loss of skin elasticity, and extreme weakness.

A type of diarrhea associated with cholera, characterized by large volumes of watery, rice-like stools.

A type of treatment strategy for cholera and other diarrheal diseases that involves providing fluids and electrolytes orally or intravenously to replace lost fluids and prevent dehydration.

An important strategy for preventing cholera, based on maintaining a healthy environment, access to clean water, and sanitation practices.

A type of intervention used to protect against cholera, involving the administration of a vaccine that stimulates the immune system to fight the disease. But, there are several constraints to effective vaccination.