9 Questions
What is the primary function of petals in flowers?
Attracting pollinators
What is the term for the fusion of male and female gametes to produce seeds?
Fertilization
What is the benefit of cross-pollination in flowering plants?
Increased genetic diversity
Which part of the flower produces pollen?
Anther
What is the result of the fusion of gametes in flowering plants?
Zygote formation
Which of the following is NOT an agent of pollination?
Soil
What is the term for the growth of the zygote into an embryo?
Embryo development
What is the function of the stigma in flowers?
Receiving pollen
What is the importance of sexual reproduction in flowering plants?
Driving force behind evolution
Study Notes
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Overview
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the fusion of male and female gametes to produce seeds.
Structure of Flowers
Flowers are the reproductive structures of flowering plants, consisting of:
- Petals: colorful, attracting pollinators
- Sepals: green, protecting the flower bud
-
Stamen (male):
- Filament: stalk supporting the anther
- Anther: produces pollen (male gametophytes)
-
Carpel (female):
- Stigma: receptive surface for pollen
- Style: connects stigma to ovary
- Ovary: contains ovules (female gametophytes)
Process of Sexual Reproduction
- Pollination: transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
- Fertilization: fusion of male gamete (sperm) with female gamete (egg cell)
- Fusion of gametes: formation of a zygote
- Embryo development: growth of the zygote into an embryo
- Seed formation: embryo develops into a seed, surrounded by endosperm and seed coat
Types of Pollination
- Self-pollination: pollination within the same flower or plant
- Cross-pollination: pollination between different flowers or plants
- Agents of pollination: insects, birds, bats, wind, and water
Importance of Sexual Reproduction
- Genetic diversity: increased variation in offspring
- Adaptation: adaptation to changing environments
- Evolution: driving force behind evolution of flowering plants
Learn about the structure of flowers, the process of sexual reproduction, types of pollination, and the importance of genetic diversity, adaptation, and evolution in flowering plants.
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