Genetics

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a homozygous genotype?

  • Having two different alleles
  • Having two identical alleles (correct)
  • Having a heterozygous genotype
  • Having a dominant and a recessive allele

In a monohybrid cross, how many possible types of crosses are there?

  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3 (correct)

In pea-seed color, which allele is dominant?

  • R
  • r
  • Y (correct)
  • y

What is the phenotype ratio of a heterozygous tall pea plant crossed with a heterozygous tall pea plant?

<p>3 Tall : 1 Dwarf (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about sex determination in most mammals, including humans?

<p>XX is female and XY is male (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for crosses involving two characteristics at a time?

<p>Dihybrid cross (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Mendel's second law of independent assortment, during gamete formation, any member of a pair of factors has an equal chance of entering a gamete with...

<p>Any other member of any other pair (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when genes are located on the same chromosome?

<p>They are inherited together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation involves a change in chromosome number or alteration of genes within a chromosome?

<p>Chromosome mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of having 47 chromosomes, with an extra 'number 21' in every body cell?

<p>Down Syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of variation among individuals of a species?

<p>Sexual reproduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation involves a change in bases in the gene, altering the amino acid sequence of the protein controlled by that gene?

<p>Gene mutations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the phenomenon of crossing over during meiosis?

<p>The swapping of sections of homologous chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for genes found on the X or Y chromosome?

<p>Heterosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'carrier' in the context of genetic conditions?

<p>A female who has an allele for the abnormal condition but does not show it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about non-nuclear inheritance is true?

<p>Non-nuclear DNA is always passed on by the female in the cytoplasm of the ovum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Law of Segregation according to Mendel's First Law?

<p>Each gamete only receives one of each pair of genes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical expression of the genotype or genotype plus environment?

<p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of dominant and recessive alleles?

<p>Dominant alleles are always expressed if present, while recessive alleles are masked by dominant alleles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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