Genetics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a homozygous genotype?

  • Having two different alleles
  • Having two identical alleles (correct)
  • Having a heterozygous genotype
  • Having a dominant and a recessive allele
  • In a monohybrid cross, how many possible types of crosses are there?

  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3 (correct)
  • In pea-seed color, which allele is dominant?

  • R
  • r
  • Y (correct)
  • y
  • What is the phenotype ratio of a heterozygous tall pea plant crossed with a heterozygous tall pea plant?

    <p>3 Tall : 1 Dwarf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about sex determination in most mammals, including humans?

    <p>XX is female and XY is male</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for crosses involving two characteristics at a time?

    <p>Dihybrid cross</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mendel's second law of independent assortment, during gamete formation, any member of a pair of factors has an equal chance of entering a gamete with...

    <p>Any other member of any other pair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when genes are located on the same chromosome?

    <p>They are inherited together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation involves a change in chromosome number or alteration of genes within a chromosome?

    <p>Chromosome mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of having 47 chromosomes, with an extra 'number 21' in every body cell?

    <p>Down Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of variation among individuals of a species?

    <p>Sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation involves a change in bases in the gene, altering the amino acid sequence of the protein controlled by that gene?

    <p>Gene mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the phenomenon of crossing over during meiosis?

    <p>The swapping of sections of homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for genes found on the X or Y chromosome?

    <p>Heterosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'carrier' in the context of genetic conditions?

    <p>A female who has an allele for the abnormal condition but does not show it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about non-nuclear inheritance is true?

    <p>Non-nuclear DNA is always passed on by the female in the cytoplasm of the ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the Law of Segregation according to Mendel's First Law?

    <p>Each gamete only receives one of each pair of genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical expression of the genotype or genotype plus environment?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of dominant and recessive alleles?

    <p>Dominant alleles are always expressed if present, while recessive alleles are masked by dominant alleles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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