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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a function of prostaglandins?
Which of the following is NOT a function of prostaglandins?
- Sensitizing nerves to pain
- Initiating blood clotting
- Producing protective mucous in stomach (correct)
- Stimulating immune cells to cause inflammation
Which enzyme does aspirin inhibit at the enzyme level?
Which enzyme does aspirin inhibit at the enzyme level?
- Phospholipase A2
- Cyclooxygenase (correct)
- Lipooxygenase
- Prostaglandin E2
How does aspirin relieve prostaglandin-induced pain, fever, and inflammation?
How does aspirin relieve prostaglandin-induced pain, fever, and inflammation?
- By stimulating the immune cells
- By sensitizing the nerves to pain
- By constricting blood vessels
- By blocking prostaglandin synthesis (correct)
What is one of the functions of prostaglandins in the body?
What is one of the functions of prostaglandins in the body?
How does aspirin treat inflammation from some autoimmune diseases?
How does aspirin treat inflammation from some autoimmune diseases?
What effect do prostaglandins have on blood vessels?
What effect do prostaglandins have on blood vessels?
How do prostaglandins sensitize nerves to pain?
How do prostaglandins sensitize nerves to pain?
What is the role of prostaglandins in the production of protective mucous in the stomach?
What is the role of prostaglandins in the production of protective mucous in the stomach?
Which of the following is NOT a function of aspirin?
Which of the following is NOT a function of aspirin?
What is the primary function of prostaglandins in stimulating the hypothalamus?
What is the primary function of prostaglandins in stimulating the hypothalamus?
Which hormone is found in the adrenal medulla and is secreted as preproAM, which is later cleaved to form mature AM?
Which hormone is found in the adrenal medulla and is secreted as preproAM, which is later cleaved to form mature AM?
Which receptors mediate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which receptors mediate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What are the downstream effects of adrenomedullin (AM) mediated by?
What are the downstream effects of adrenomedullin (AM) mediated by?
What is the half-life of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the half-life of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the antagonist for adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the antagonist for adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the primary function of relaxin (RLX-1)?
What is the primary function of relaxin (RLX-1)?
What is the role of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
What is the role of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
What does neprilysin do to adrenomedullin (AM)?
What does neprilysin do to adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which of the following is NOT a function of adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which of the following is NOT a function of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular and smooth muscles?
What is the function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular and smooth muscles?
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the primary function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
What is the primary function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
Which receptor(s) mediate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which receptor(s) mediate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the half-life of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the half-life of adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the antagonist for adrenomedullin (AM)?
What is the antagonist for adrenomedullin (AM)?
Which of the following is NOT a function of prostaglandins?
Which of the following is NOT a function of prostaglandins?
What is the primary function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
What is the primary function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury?
How does aspirin relieve prostaglandin-induced pain, fever, and inflammation?
How does aspirin relieve prostaglandin-induced pain, fever, and inflammation?
What is the role of prostaglandins in the production of protective mucous in the stomach?
What is the role of prostaglandins in the production of protective mucous in the stomach?
Which enzyme does aspirin inhibit at the enzyme level?
Which enzyme does aspirin inhibit at the enzyme level?
Study Notes
Prostaglandins
- NOT a function of prostaglandins: transmitting nerve impulses
- One of the functions of prostaglandins in the body: stimulating the hypothalamus
- Role of prostaglandins in the production of protective mucous in the stomach: they increase mucous production
- Effect of prostaglandins on blood vessels: they cause vasodilation
- How prostaglandins sensitize nerves to pain: they increase the sensitivity of pain receptors
Aspirin
- NOT a function of aspirin: transmitting nerve impulses
- Enzyme that aspirin inhibits at the enzyme level: cyclooxygenase (COX)
- How aspirin relieves prostaglandin-induced pain, fever, and inflammation: by inhibiting COX, which reduces prostaglandin production
- How aspirin treats inflammation from some autoimmune diseases: by reducing prostaglandin production
Adrenomedullin (AM)
- Hormone found in the adrenal medulla and secreted as preproAM, which is later cleaved to form mature AM
- Receptors that mediate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM): calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)
- Downstream effects of adrenomedullin (AM) mediated by: cAMP and NO pathways
- Half-life of adrenomedullin (AM): 22 minutes
- Antagonist for adrenomedullin (AM): AM22-52
- Primary function of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular injury: vasodilation and reducing inflammation
- Role of adrenomedullin (AM) in vascular and smooth muscles: relaxation
- Enzyme responsible for metabolizing adrenomedullin (AM): neprilysin
- NOT a function of adrenomedullin (AM): vasoconstriction
Relaxin (RLX-1)
- Primary function of relaxin (RLX-1): relaxing smooth muscles during pregnancy
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