Prostaglandins and Bradykinin

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Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune system?

Antibodies

Tissues

Pathogens (correct)

White blood cells

Which line of defense involves phagocytic white blood cells?

2nd line of defense (correct)

Both 1st and 2nd lines of defense

1st line of defense

3rd line of defense

Which type of immunity is specific to a particular pathogen?

Innate immunity

Acquired immunity (correct)

Both innate and acquired immunity

None of the above

Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the innate immune response?

Skin Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense holds off pathogens while the acquired immune response is mounted?

1st line of defense Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

Responds within minutes or a few hours after infection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity involves specialized lymphocytes and antibodies?

Acquired immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Sebum and oleic acid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a microbiome defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Microbiota Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a chemical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Defensins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a plasma protein mediator of the innate immune response?

Complement system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Lysozyme Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes inflammation and allergic responses?

Leukotrienes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physical barrier of the innate immune response?

Mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

Eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is phagocytic and has a short lifespan?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and has a single, large nucleus?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Natural Killer cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not actively phagocytic until it leaves the circulating blood and enters tissues, where it matures into macrophages?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which cells recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)?

Macrophages and dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the innate immune response?

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS) Signup and view all the answers

What is phagocytosis?

The capturing and digesting of foreign particles by phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

What are opsonins?

Substances that attach to microbes to increase the ability of phagocytes to attach Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps of phagocytosis?

Attachment, phagosome formation, fusion with lysosomes, killing and digestion of pathogen, elimination of bacterial debris Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of inflammation?

Redness, pain, heat, swelling, and sometimes loss of function Signup and view all the answers

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Cytokines secreted by macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fever?

To inhibit rapid growth of microorganisms and support immune response Signup and view all the answers

What are pyrogens?

Cytokines produced by leukocytes and viruses that cause elevated body temperature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the immune system?

Antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific study of how the immune system functions in the body to prevent or destroy foreign material, including pathogens?

Immunology Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense involves physical barriers such as intact skin and mucous membranes?

1st line of defense Signup and view all the answers

What type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

Eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the innate immune response?

Pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Natural killer cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Phagocytic white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

Eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fever?

To increase body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and has a single, large nucleus?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What are opsonins?

Plasma proteins that enhance phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which cells recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes the inflammatory effects of kinins and histamines?

Prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Natural killer cells Signup and view all the answers

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Histamine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

Mast cells Signup and view all the answers

What are pyrogens?

Substances that cause fever Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense holds off pathogens while the acquired immune response is mounted?

Second line of defense Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Opsonins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune response?

Production of antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of opsonization in phagocytosis?

To attach microbes to phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of inflammation?

Prevention of the spread of pathogens to the blood Signup and view all the answers

What are pyrogens?

Cytokines produced by leukocytes and viruses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a plasma protein mediator of the innate immune response?

Complement proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the innate immune response?

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense involves phagocytic white blood cells?

Second line of defense Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

It responds within minutes or a few hours after infection Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the innate immune response?

Physical barriers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physical barrier of the innate immune response?

Intact skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes inflammation and allergic responses?

Histamines Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not actively phagocytic until it leaves the circulating blood and enters tissues, where it matures into macrophages?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Complement proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes the inflammatory effects of kinins and histamines?

Prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cytokines stimulates migration of neutrophils and macrophages to infected tissues?

Chemokines Signup and view all the answers

Which plasma protein mediator marks pathogens for destruction by increasing the ability of phagocytes to attach to them?

Opsonins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is involved in macrophage activation and production of substances to interfere with RNA viral reproduction?

Interferons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physical barrier in the innate immune response?

Mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a population of microorganisms residing in the body without causing disease?

Microbiota Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nonspecific innate immune response that stimulates production of chemical mediators or other cell functions?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the initial phase of infection and functions as phagocytes?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the defense against multicellular parasites and is associated with the development of allergies and asthma?

Eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell produces histamine and is important in inflammation and allergic responses?

Basophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and has a single, large nucleus?

Monocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and plays a key role in acquired immunity?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is a type of mononuclear lymphocyte and attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Natural Killer (NK) cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to innate immunity and the activation of acquired immunity, and is found in the skin and tissues where pathogens can enter?

Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of phagocytosis?

It involves the engulfment and digestion of foreign particles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the inflammatory response?

Rapid tissue repair Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fever?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune response?

Acquired immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is phagocytic and has a short lifespan?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What are Pyrogens?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense holds off pathogens while the acquired immune response is mounted?

Second line of defense Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the innate immune response?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Prostaglandins and Bradykinin

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune system?

Which line of defense involves phagocytic white blood cells?

Which type of immunity is specific to a particular pathogen?

Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the innate immune response?

Which line of defense holds off pathogens while the acquired immune response is mounted?

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

Which type of immunity involves specialized lymphocytes and antibodies?

Which of the following is a physical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a microbiome defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Which of the following is NOT a chemical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a plasma protein mediator of the innate immune response?

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes inflammation and allergic responses?

Which of the following is a physical barrier of the innate immune response?

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

Which type of white blood cell is phagocytic and has a short lifespan?

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and has a single, large nucleus?

Which type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

Which type of white blood cell is not actively phagocytic until it leaves the circulating blood and enters tissues, where it matures into macrophages?

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

Which cells recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)?

What triggers the innate immune response?

What is phagocytosis?

What are opsonins?

What are the steps of phagocytosis?

What are the characteristics of inflammation?

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

What is the purpose of fever?

What are pyrogens?

Which of the following is a component of the immune system?

What is the scientific study of how the immune system functions in the body to prevent or destroy foreign material, including pathogens?

Which line of defense involves physical barriers such as intact skin and mucous membranes?

What type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

What triggers the innate immune response?

What type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

Which of the following is NOT a physical defense mechanism of the innate immune response?

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the development of allergies and asthma?

What is the purpose of fever?

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

Which type of white blood cell is not phagocytic and has a single, large nucleus?

What are opsonins?

Which cells recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)?

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes the inflammatory effects of kinins and histamines?

Which type of white blood cell attacks and destroys cancer cells and infected cells without the involvement of the immune system?

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Which type of white blood cell is concentrated in the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and contains cytoplasmic granules?

What are pyrogens?

Which line of defense holds off pathogens while the acquired immune response is mounted?

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune response?

What is the purpose of opsonization in phagocytosis?

What triggers vasodilation during inflammation?

Which of the following is a characteristic of inflammation?

What are pyrogens?

Which of the following is a plasma protein mediator of the innate immune response?

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

What triggers the innate immune response?

Which line of defense involves phagocytic white blood cells?

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

What triggers the innate immune response?

Which type of white blood cell is crucial to both innate immunity and activation of acquired immunity?

Which of the following is a physical barrier of the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes inflammation and allergic responses?

Which type of white blood cell is not actively phagocytic until it leaves the circulating blood and enters tissues, where it matures into macrophages?

Which of the following is NOT a cytokine involved in the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a chemical mediator that promotes the inflammatory effects of kinins and histamines?

Which of the following cytokines stimulates migration of neutrophils and macrophages to infected tissues?

Which plasma protein mediator marks pathogens for destruction by increasing the ability of phagocytes to attach to them?

Which type of white blood cell is involved in macrophage activation and production of substances to interfere with RNA viral reproduction?

Which of the following is a physical barrier in the innate immune response?

Which of the following is a population of microorganisms residing in the body without causing disease?

Which of the following is a nonspecific innate immune response that stimulates production of chemical mediators or other cell functions?

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the initial phase of infection and functions as phagocytes?

Which type of white blood cell is involved in the defense against multicellular parasites and is associated with the development of allergies and asthma?

Which type of white blood cell produces histamine and is important in inflammation and allergic responses?