Sequences and Series in Mathematics

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Questions and Answers

In a Fibonacci sequence, what is the value of $a_5$ given that $a_1 = 1$, $a_2 = 1$?

  • 2
  • 3
  • 8 (correct)
  • 5

Which of the following is a correct representation of a Geometric Progression (G.P.)?

  • 1, 3, 6, 10, 15
  • 2, 5, 8, 11, 14
  • 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
  • 9, 27, 81, 243 (correct)

If the nth term of a sequence is defined by the formula $a_n = a_{n-1} - 1$ for $n > 2$, and if $a_2 = 2$, what is the value of $a_4$?

  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 0 (correct)

In a sequence where $a_1 = -1$ and the recursive formula is given by $a_n = rac{a_{n-1}}{n}$ for $n ≥ 2$, what is the value of $a_3$?

<p>-0.25 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the Fibonacci sequence and the growth of natural numbers?

<p>Fibonacci sequence describes the recursive relationship of natural growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Introduction

  • Natural numbers are a product of human spirit – Dedekind
  • Sequences can be used to represent patterns and relationships in data
  • Series are used to represent the sum of a sequence's terms

Types of Sequences and Series

  • Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)
    • Defined by a common difference between consecutive terms
    • Example: 2, 4, 6, 8...where the common difference is 2
  • Geometric Progression (G.P.)
    • Common ratio between consecutive terms
    • Example: 2, 4, 8, 16… where the common ratio is 2

Fibonacci Sequence

  • Defined by the sum of the previous two terms
  • First two terms are 1, 1
  • Example: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13…
  • Formula: an = an–1 + an–2, n > 2
  • Golden ratio (phi): approximately 1.618
    • The ratio of two consecutive Fibonacci numbers approaches phi as the numbers increase

Geometric Progression (G.P.)

  • Example: 2, 4, 8, 16…
  • Each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a common ratio
    • (In this case, the common ratio is 2)
  • Examples:
    • 2, 4, 8, 16…
    • 1/9, 1/27, 1/81, 1/243
    • .01, .0001, .000001…

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