Sensory Signal Transduction Process Quiz

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What is the principle that refers to the specificity of nerve fibers transmitting only one type of modality?

Labelled line principle

What process in the CNS allows the ability to localize a stimulus?

Lateral inhibition

How is stimulus intensity coded in terms of action potentials?

By the frequency of action potentials and the number of receptors activated (recruitment).

What induces the perception of an adequate stimulus even when it's inadequate?

An inadequate stimulus may induce the perception of the adequate stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states stimulation of a receptor, pathway, and center gives a specific sensation regardless of the method of stimulation?

Labelled line principle Signup and view all the answers

How does each sensation have a specific receptor, pathway, and center in the cerebral cortex?

Each sensation has a specific receptor, pathway, and center in the cerebral cortex. Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors show little peripheral adaptation and are always active?

Tonic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reduction in sensitivity in the presence of a constant stimulus?

Adaptation Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in central adaptation and involves the inhibition of nuclei along a sensory pathway?

Central adaptation Signup and view all the answers

What process allows the nervous system to identify the type, strength, location, and duration of a stimulus?

Sensory coding Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for receptors that are normally inactive but become active for a short time?

Phasic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a mechanism where weak signals are inhibited while strong signals are enhanced?

Lateral inhibition Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between sensation and perception?

Sensation is the process of detecting stimuli, while perception is the interpretation of those stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between tonic and phasic receptors.

Tonic receptors respond continuously to stimuli, while phasic receptors respond with bursts of activity when a stimulus is first applied. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lateral inhibition in the localization of stimuli?

Lateral inhibition enhances the contrast between activated sensory receptors and their neighbors, allowing for more precise localization of stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

How does the CNS distinguish sensory modality, stimulus location, intensity, and duration?

The CNS distinguishes these properties through the specific pathways and patterns of neural activity associated with each sensory modality, location, intensity, and duration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the labeled line principle in sensory systems?

The labeled line principle states that specific sensory receptors are directly linked to specific regions in the brain, maintaining the specificity of sensory information. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in the nature of sensation based on the destination of nerve impulses?

The nature of sensation and type of reaction varies based on the ultimate destination of nerve impulses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for perception?

Perception is the conscious awareness and interpretation of the meaning of sensations stored in the cortex. Signup and view all the answers

Define sensory modality and provide an example.

Sensory modality refers to each type of sensation, such as pain, hearing, vision, or touch. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two classes of sensory modalities?

The two classes are general senses and special senses. Signup and view all the answers

Where does sensation begin and what does it involve?

Sensation begins in a sensory receptor, which can be a specialized cell or dendrites of a sensory neuron, monitoring a particular stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the first order neuron in sensory pathways?

Delivers sensations to the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What are the three forms of energy that a stimulus may take?

The three forms are electromagnetic energy (light, heat), mechanical energy, and chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain do third order neurons synapse on for conscious awareness?

Thalamus Signup and view all the answers

Where are the second order neurons located?

In the spinal cord or brain stem Signup and view all the answers

What do specific ascending pathways transmit to the cerebral cortex?

A given sensory modality Signup and view all the answers

Describe the typical three-neuron pathway in specific ascending pathways.

Primary afferent, secondary neuron in spinal cord or brainstem projecting to thalamus, tertiary neuron in thalamus projecting to cortex Signup and view all the answers

What type of information do non-specific ascending pathways transmit?

Non-specific information Signup and view all the answers