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Questions and Answers
What is the principle that refers to the specificity of nerve fibers transmitting only one type of modality?
Labelled line principle
What process in the CNS allows the ability to localize a stimulus?
Lateral inhibition
How is stimulus intensity coded in terms of action potentials?
By the frequency of action potentials and the number of receptors activated (recruitment).
What induces the perception of an adequate stimulus even when it's inadequate?
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What is the principle that states stimulation of a receptor, pathway, and center gives a specific sensation regardless of the method of stimulation?
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How does each sensation have a specific receptor, pathway, and center in the cerebral cortex?
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What type of receptors show little peripheral adaptation and are always active?
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What is the term for the reduction in sensitivity in the presence of a constant stimulus?
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What occurs in central adaptation and involves the inhibition of nuclei along a sensory pathway?
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What process allows the nervous system to identify the type, strength, location, and duration of a stimulus?
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What is the term for receptors that are normally inactive but become active for a short time?
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What is the term for a mechanism where weak signals are inhibited while strong signals are enhanced?
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What is the main difference between sensation and perception?
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Explain the difference between tonic and phasic receptors.
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What is the role of lateral inhibition in the localization of stimuli?
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How does the CNS distinguish sensory modality, stimulus location, intensity, and duration?
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What is the labeled line principle in sensory systems?
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What is the difference in the nature of sensation based on the destination of nerve impulses?
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What is the basis for perception?
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Define sensory modality and provide an example.
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What are the two classes of sensory modalities?
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Where does sensation begin and what does it involve?
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What is the role of the first order neuron in sensory pathways?
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What are the three forms of energy that a stimulus may take?
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Which region of the brain do third order neurons synapse on for conscious awareness?
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Where are the second order neurons located?
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What do specific ascending pathways transmit to the cerebral cortex?
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Describe the typical three-neuron pathway in specific ascending pathways.
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What type of information do non-specific ascending pathways transmit?
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