Questions and Answers
What is the principle of sensory interaction?
What is accommodation in terms of vision?
The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina.
What does Young Helmholtz trichromatic theory propose?
The retina contains three different color receptors sensitive to red, green, and blue.
What does the vestibular sense refer to?
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What is audition?
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What is the function of the pupil in the eye?
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What is the retina?
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What are rods in the context of vision?
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What does top-down processing involve?
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Describe bottom-up processing.
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What does kinesthesis refer to?
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What is Weber's law?
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What is the cochlea?
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What do cones do in the retina?
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What is the optic nerve responsible for?
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What is parallel processing in the brain?
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What does the opponent processing theory explain?
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What is the absolute threshold?
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What is the fovea?
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What creates a blind spot in the eye?
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What is sensation in sensory processing?
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What is selective attention?
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What does the gatecontrol theory propose?
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What is perception in sensory processing?
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What does subliminal mean?
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What is the frequency theory in hearing?
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What are feature detectors?
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Study Notes
Sensory Interaction Concepts
- Sensory interaction refers to how one sense can influence another, demonstrated by how food's smell can affect its taste.
Eye Functionality
- Accommodation is the lens's ability to change shape for focusing on near or distant objects.
- The pupil serves as the adjustable opening in the eye, regulating light entry.
- The retina is the light-sensitive layer that initiates visual processing, containing rods and cones.
Types of Photoreceptors
- Rods detect black, white, and gray; crucial for low-light vision.
- Cones, concentrated in the retina's center, function in well-lit conditions and perceive color and detail.
Visual Processing Theories
- Young Helmholtz trichromatic theory posits three color receptors (red, green, blue) corresponding to color perception.
- Opponent processing theory suggests color vision arises from opposing retinal processes (e.g., red-green, yellow-blue).
- Bottom-up processing involves sensory receptors initiating perception, while top-down processing utilizes prior knowledge and expectations.
Auditory and Vestibular Senses
- Audition is the sense of hearing, with sound processed through the cochlea, a fluid-filled structure in the inner ear.
- The vestibular sense provides information about body position and movement, aiding balance.
Thresholds and Perception
- Absolute threshold denotes the minimum stimulus required for detection 50% of the time.
- Perception is the interpretation of sensory information, allowing recognition of meaningful objects and events.
- Subliminal stimuli are below the threshold of conscious awareness.
Pain and Attention Mechanisms
- Gate control theory explains how the spinal cord's neurological "gate" regulates pain transmission to the brain.
- Selective attention allows individuals to focus on specific stimuli amid distractions.
Frequency and Feature Detection
- Frequency theory relates to how the auditory nerve's impulse rate correlates with sound frequency, contributing to pitch perception.
- Feature detectors are specialized neural cells responding to specific stimulus features like shape or movement.
Additional Sensory Definitions
- Kinesthesis involves the sensation of individual body parts' position and movement.
- Weber's law states that the perception of difference in stimuli depends on a constant minimum percentage difference.
- Parallel processing allows simultaneous processing of multiple aspects of sensory information, contrasting with serial processing.
Visual Field Considerations
- The fovea is the central point in the retina with a high concentration of cones, optimizing visual detail.
- The blind spot occurs where the optic nerve exits the eye, marked by an absence of receptor cells.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of sensory interaction and related theories with these flashcards. Learn about how different senses influence each other, the process of accommodation in vision, and the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory. Perfect for students of psychology and sensory perception.