Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of photoreceptor is primarily responsible for peripheral vision?
Which type of photoreceptor is primarily responsible for peripheral vision?
- Cones
- Ganglion Cells
- Retinal Neurons
- Rods (correct)
What characteristic distinguishes cones from rods?
What characteristic distinguishes cones from rods?
- Detects motion
- More sensitive to light
- Located in the peripheral vision
- Allows color vision (correct)
Which color is noted as the most visible and signifies calmness?
Which color is noted as the most visible and signifies calmness?
- Yellow
- Green (correct)
- Red
- Blue
What does the law of size constancy refer to?
What does the law of size constancy refer to?
What is visual acuity?
What is visual acuity?
What does saccades refer to in the context of vision?
What does saccades refer to in the context of vision?
What is a key factor affecting the perception of depth?
What is a key factor affecting the perception of depth?
What is one effect of optical illusions in interface design?
What is one effect of optical illusions in interface design?
What is the ideal font size range for reading legibility according to the content?
What is the ideal font size range for reading legibility according to the content?
How does speed reading differentiate between types of reading?
How does speed reading differentiate between types of reading?
What does negative contrast in visual displays involve?
What does negative contrast in visual displays involve?
What is one reason reading from a computer screen is considered slower than reading from a book?
What is one reason reading from a computer screen is considered slower than reading from a book?
What does perception of images contribute to in the context of reading?
What does perception of images contribute to in the context of reading?
What is the primary function of cilia in the cochlea?
What is the primary function of cilia in the cochlea?
What frequency range can the human ear typically hear?
What frequency range can the human ear typically hear?
Why is sound wave transmission from air to liquid considered poor?
Why is sound wave transmission from air to liquid considered poor?
What does the 'cocktail party effect' refer to?
What does the 'cocktail party effect' refer to?
Which of the following characteristics of sound is described as 'proportional to sound amplitude'?
Which of the following characteristics of sound is described as 'proportional to sound amplitude'?
How does the ear locate sound sources?
How does the ear locate sound sources?
What is the relationship between pitch and frequency of sound?
What is the relationship between pitch and frequency of sound?
Which statement accurately reflects the use of sound in interface design?
Which statement accurately reflects the use of sound in interface design?
What is considered the central character of interactive systems?
What is considered the central character of interactive systems?
Which processor is responsible for storing audio and visual outputs?
Which processor is responsible for storing audio and visual outputs?
What type of modeling method is the Model Human Processor based on?
What type of modeling method is the Model Human Processor based on?
Which of the following is NOT a subsystem of the human memory model described?
Which of the following is NOT a subsystem of the human memory model described?
What is the primary function of long-term memory in the human cognitive model?
What is the primary function of long-term memory in the human cognitive model?
Which model is NOT mentioned as a cognitive modeling method aside from the Model Human Processor?
Which model is NOT mentioned as a cognitive modeling method aside from the Model Human Processor?
Which characteristic of working memory was highlighted in the content?
Which characteristic of working memory was highlighted in the content?
What does the cognitive processor primarily access?
What does the cognitive processor primarily access?
What is the primary role of mechanoreceptors in the context of touch?
What is the primary role of mechanoreceptors in the context of touch?
How do rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors function?
How do rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors function?
What does haptic perception primarily provide information about?
What does haptic perception primarily provide information about?
Which of the following best describes kinesthesis?
Which of the following best describes kinesthesis?
What type of feedback does tactile feedback offer?
What type of feedback does tactile feedback offer?
In what scenario is touch considered the primary source of information?
In what scenario is touch considered the primary source of information?
What happens to slowly adapting mechanoreceptors when pressure is applied continuously?
What happens to slowly adapting mechanoreceptors when pressure is applied continuously?
What is the significance of kinesthetic receptors in the joints?
What is the significance of kinesthetic receptors in the joints?
Study Notes
The Human in Interactive Systems
- Humans are the central focus in interactive system design.
- System design prioritizes user needs.
- The Model Human Processor (MHP) by Card, Moran, & Newell (1983) is a cognitive modeling method that helps calculate task completion time. It's based on empirical data from word processing studies in the 70s. Other methods include parallel design, GOMS, and KLM.
- MHP includes perceptual, cognitive, and motor processors.
Human Sensory Systems: Vision
- The retina contains rods (sensitive to light, dominate peripheral vision) and cones (less sensitive, enable color vision). Green is perceived most easily.
- The fovea is the area of sharpest vision.
- The blind spot lacks rods and cones.
- Ganglion cells detect patterns and movement.
- Visual angle is affected by object size and distance. Visual acuity measures the ability to perceive detail.
- Size constancy describes the perception of relatively constant object size despite retinal size changes due to distance.
- Optical illusions highlight discrepancies between reality and perception. Horizontal lines are often perceived as longer than vertical lines of the same length.
- Font size, lettering, and contrast significantly impact readability. Light screen/dark characters (negative contrast) offer higher luminance and legibility.
Human Sensory Systems: Reading and Hearing
- Reading involves image and text perception and processing. Legibility is affected by font size (9-12 points ideal). Skimming gathers general information; scanning finds specific facts. Screen reading is slower than reading print.
- Sound involves changes in air pressure. The auditory system filters incoming sounds. The "cocktail party effect" describes selectively picking out relevant sounds (like one's name) in a noisy environment.
- Sound characteristics include pitch (frequency), loudness (amplitude), and timbre (sound quality). Humans hear frequencies from 15Hz to 15kHz.
- Sound is used less frequently in interfaces than visual cues, mostly for warnings and notifications though sound's potential is underutilized.
Human Sensory Systems: Touch
- Touch, or haptic perception, provides environmental information, especially important when other senses are impaired.
- Tactile feedback is skin-based stimulation. It's not always localized (restricted to a specific area).
- Mechanoreceptors respond to pressure. Rapidly adapting receptors react to immediate pressure changes, while slowly adapting receptors respond to sustained pressure.
- Kinesthesis is awareness of body and limb position, using receptors in joints and affecting comfort and performance. Examples include virtual reality gaming.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fundamentals of human-centered interactive system design and the critical role of sensory systems, particularly vision. This quiz covers key concepts such as the Model Human Processor and the structures of the visual system, including rods, cones, and the fovea. Test your knowledge on how these elements influence user experience and interaction.
