Sensorimotor Stages and Brain Growth
32 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of processing occurs consciously and requires attention?

  • Effortful processing (correct)
  • Implicit processing
  • Automatic processing
  • Sensory processing

What is the primary function of short term memory?

  • Storing information indefinitely
  • Holding onto small bits of information recently learned
  • Transferring information to implicit memory
  • Recognizing stimuli from sensory memory (correct)

In which type of memory is factual knowledge that is true for everyone categorized?

  • Working memory
  • Implicit memory
  • Semantic memory (correct)
  • Episodic memory

What type of memory does not require conscious awareness but influences behavior?

<p>Implicit memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the ability to generate a mental image of an absent stimulus?

<p>Recall memory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attention involves responding discreetly to specific stimuli?

<p>Focus attention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of long term memory?

<p>Allows storage of information for a long duration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes working memory?

<p>A process to hold small bits of recently learned information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of sustained attention?

<p>Maintaining a consistent behavioral response during repetitive activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which grasping pattern is most efficient for manipulating objects?

<p>Dynamic tripod grasp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the lateral pincer grasp typically emerge?

<p>7-9 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of attention involves the ability to respond to multiple task demands at the same time?

<p>Divided attention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage represents the first occurrence of a voluntary grasp?

<p>2-3 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of play is characterized by the use of unrealistic objects?

<p>Make believe play (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do children typically start exhibiting the dynamic tripod grasp of writing instruments?

<p>3.5 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do infants typically begin to swipe at objects and reach towards toys?

<p>2-3 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically begin to show the first representational forms in drawing development?

<p>3 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary achievement in language development for infants at age 10 months?

<p>Babbling reflects sound patterns of their language community (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following milestones occurs around age 5 in handwriting development?

<p>Print their name for others to read (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which milestone indicates a development of interaction skills in infants by 12 months?

<p>Participating actively in turn-taking conversation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do children typically experience an increase in vocabulary of about 20 new words a day?

<p>Middle childhood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prominent feature of pragmatic language development for children aged 6-7 years?

<p>Narratives increase in organization and expressiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically learn to connect letters with language sounds?

<p>4 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cooing in infants?

<p>Focuses solely on vowel-like sounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the secondary circular reactions stage in sensorimotor development?

<p>Repeating interesting effects in the surrounding world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age is mental representation developed in sensorimotor stages?

<p>18 months-2 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of brain growth refers to the organization developing rapidly due to ordinary experiences?

<p>Experience-expectant brain growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by object permanence in cognitive development?

<p>Awareness that objects continue to exist even when not perceived (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gross motor skill is typically developed first?

<p>Walk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the function of the central executive in executive functioning?

<p>Directs the flow of information and complex thinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of experience-dependent brain growth?

<p>Varies across individuals and cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age range is associated with primary circular reactions in infants?

<p>1-4 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Object Permanence

The ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.

Sensorimotor Stage

A stage in Piaget's theory where infants learn through their senses and motor actions. It consists of six substages.

Brain Plasticity

The ability of the brain to develop and change in response to experiences.

Sensory Register

Part of the mental system that handles incoming sensory information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Short-Term Memory

Part of the mental system responsible for holding and processing information for a short period.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Long-Term Memory

Part of the mental system that stores information over long periods.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Experience-Expectant Brain Growth

Brain development that relies on typical experiences, like interacting with people and hearing language.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Experience-Dependent Brain Growth

Brain development that is specialized and shaped by unique individual experiences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sustained Attention

Focusing on one thing for a long time, like reading a book.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Selective Attention

The ability to choose what to pay attention to, like ignoring a noisy room.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Alternating Attention

Switching attention between different tasks, like listening to music then doing homework.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Divided Attention

Doing multiple things at once, like driving and talking on the phone.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Joint Attention

When a child looks at the same thing as their caregiver.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pretend/Symbolic Play

Using pretend play, like playing house or pretending a toy is a phone.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mature Grasp

A grasp where the thumb and fingers work independently, allowing for precision.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Immature Grasp

A grasp where the thumb and fingers don't coordinate well, resulting in less control.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Working Memory

The process of holding onto small bits of recently learned information. It's like a mental workspace where you juggle different pieces of information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Explicit Memory

A type of long-term memory that stores factual knowledge and personal experiences that you can consciously recall.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Semantic Memory

A type of explicit memory that stores general knowledge about the world, like facts and concepts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Episodic Memory

A type of explicit memory that stores personal experiences and events.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Implicit Memory

A type of long-term memory that influences our behavior without conscious awareness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Recognition Memory

The ability to recognize something you've seen before, like recognizing a friend in a crowd.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Recall Memory

The ability to recall information or events from your memory without any visual cues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Remote Memory

The ability to remember events that happened in the distant past, like your childhood memories.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fine Motor Control

The ability to control small muscles, especially in the hands and fingers, which is essential for tasks like writing and drawing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Handwriting Development

The development of the ability to write, starting with scribbles and progressing to letters and words.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Language Development

The ability to understand and use language, including speaking, listening, reading, and writing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Metalinguistic Awareness

The ability to think about and analyze language itself, such as understanding how words are put together and how grammar works.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pragmatic Language

The way a child uses language in different social situations, such as talking to friends, teachers, or family.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Drawing Development

The ability to represent objects and ideas through drawings, starting with simple scribbles and progressing to more complex images.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cooing and Babbling

The beginning stages of language development, characterized by making sounds, babbling, and eventually producing single words.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Two-Word Utterances

The period in language development when a child starts combining two or more words to express simple ideas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Sensorimotor Stages

  • Reflexive schemes: Birth to 1 month; newborn reflexes.
  • Primary circular reactions: 1-4 months; simple motor habits focused on the infant's body.
  • Secondary circular reactions: 4-8 months; repeating actions that produce interesting effects in the environment.
  • Coordination of secondary circular reactions: 8-12 months; intentional goal-directed behaviour.
  • Tertiary circular reactions: 12-18 months; exploring object properties through experimentation.
  • Mental representation: 18 months-2 years; internal depictions of objects, events, and solutions to problems.
  • Gross Motor Development: Walking, running, jumping, skipping (covered separately).

Brain Growth

  • Experience-expectant brain growth: Early brain development relying on typical experiences (e.g., environment, interactions, sounds).
  • Experience-dependent brain growth: Lifelong brain growth that refines existing structures based on individual experiences.

Cognitive Principles and Theories

  • Object permanence: Understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.
  • Central executive/executive functioning: Directs information flow and complex tasks.
  • Information processing: Stages (sensory register, short-term memory, long-term memory) and processes (e.g., automatic and effortful processing).
  • Sensory register: Initial stage, processing sensory input briefly.
  • Short-term memory: Briefly holds information.
  • Long-term memory: Permanent storage.

Sensory Registry

  • Sensory input is initially processed in the sensory register.
  • Paying more attention increases likelihood of that info being further processed.

Memory

  • Short-term memory: Information from the sensory register enters consciousness.

Attention

  • Focus attention: Responding to specific stimuli.
  • Sustained attention: Maintaining focus over time.
  • Selective attention: Focusing on relevant stimuli, filtering out distractions.
  • Alternating attention: Shifting focus between tasks.
  • Divided attention: Attending to multiple tasks simultaneously.
  • Joint attention: Sharing attention with another person on a common object.

Play

  • Levels of Play: Pretend/symbolic play, make-believe play using realistic objects

Reaching and Grasping

  • Developmental sequences: specific ages and stages of hand movements related to reach and grasp abilities.

Language Development

  • Cooing and babbling: Early vocalizations with increasing complexity.
  • First words: Vocabulary increases significantly in middle childhood.

Social Context of Early Development

  • Zone of proximal development: The difference between what a child can do independently, and what they can accomplish with guidance.
  • Just right challenge: Tasks that are motivating without being beyond the child's ability.

Social and Emotional Intelligence

  • Skills related to understanding and expressing emotions, behavior toward others, and relating to social contexts.

Additional

  • Intermodal perception: Integrating information from multiple senses simultaneously.
  • Social structures: (e.g., prejudice and favoritism)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Childhood Development Guide PDF

Description

Explore the various sensorimotor stages from birth to two years, detailing reflexive schemes and the development of motor skills. Additionally, learn about the concepts of experience-expectant and experience-dependent brain growth, crucial for understanding early development.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser