20 Questions
What term refers to an enhanced response to a wide variety of stimuli after the presentation of an intense or noxious stimulus?
Sensitization
In the context of habit formation, what process describes the decrease in the probability of a conditioned response occurrence with repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
Which term describes the situation where a sensitizing stimulus can override the effects of habituation?
Dishabituation
In the context of associative learning, how many stimuli are typically involved in the process?
Two stimuli
What is the term for a psychological process where repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to a decrease in response?
Extinction
What is the main principle behind forming good habits in children, according to the text?
Making the desired behavior rewarding for the child
Which process is not equivalent to forgetting and indicates learning something new?
Extinction
How should a parent respond when a child engages in an undesirable behavior, such as banging their head against a wall?
Ignore the behavior and redirect the child's attention to something else
Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning, as described in the text?
A child's response decreasing when a benign stimulus is presented repeatedly
What is the key difference between positive and negative reinforcement, as described in the text?
Positive reinforcement involves rewarding the desired behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus
What is the purpose of praising a child the first time they achieve a new milestone?
To reinforce the behavior and encourage the child to repeat it
Which of the following is the primary system responsible for emotional processing according to the text?
The amygdala
What is the role of the amygdala in emotional learning and memory according to the text?
The amygdala is responsible for implicit emotional learning, but not explicit memory of emotional events
How does the amygdala influence cognitive processes according to the text?
Both a and b
What is the role of the hippocampus in emotional learning and memory according to the text?
The hippocampus is responsible for explicit learning and memory of emotional events
What is the relationship between the amygdala and the ventral striatum in Pavlovian conditioning according to the text?
The amygdala is responsible for the emotional aspects of Pavlovian conditioning, while the ventral striatum is responsible for the motivational aspects
What is the role of the amygdala in fear conditioning in humans according to the text?
The amygdala is responsible for fear responses to external stimuli, but not internal stimuli
What is the role of the hippocampus in emotional learning and memory compared to the amygdala according to the text?
The hippocampus is responsible for explicit emotional memory, while the amygdala is responsible for implicit emotional learning
What is the role of the amygdala in positive emotional responses according to the text?
The amygdala is activated when subjects observe pictures of stimuli associated with food, sex, and money or when people make decisions based on the reward value of stimuli
What is the relationship between emotional extinction and the amygdala according to the text?
The text does not discuss emotional extinction or its relationship to the amygdala
Test your knowledge of the concepts of sensitization and habituation, which refer to the increased or decreased response to a stimulus over time. Understand how repeated exposure can lead to different reactions. Explore examples like watching a movie for the first time versus subsequent viewings.
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