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Questions and Answers
Which sensory system is responsible for balance?
What type of receptors are involved in converting light energy to neural impulses in vision?
What is the primary purpose of sensory reduction?
Which basic taste is NOT recognized in gustation?
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What does transduction refer to in the context of sensation?
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What does the term 'absolute threshold' refer to?
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What are kinesthesis and vestibular senses primarily responsible for?
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What is the role of cones in the visual system?
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Study Notes
Sensation
- The process of receiving, converting, and transmitting information from the outside world.
- This is the input of sensory information.
Sensory Systems
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Vision: Receptor cells located on the retina: rods for night vision and cones for color vision.
- The eye captures light and focuses it on the visual receptors, which convert light energy to neural impulses sent to the brain.
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Hearing: Audition (hearing) occurs via sound waves, which result from rapid changes in air pressure caused by vibrating objects
- Receptors located in the inner ear (cochlea) are tiny hair cells that convert sound energy to neural impulses sent along to the brain.
- Smell (Olfaction): Receptors are located at the top of the nasal cavity.
- Taste (Gustation): Receptors are taste buds on the tongue. There are four basic tastes: sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.
- Vestibular sense (Balance): Results from receptors in the inner ear.
- Kinethesis (Body movement): Results from receptors in muscles, joints, and tendons.
- Touch: Skin senses detect touch (pressure, temperature, and pain).
Processing
- Sensory reduction: Filtering and analyzing of sensations before messages are sent to the brain.
- Transduction: The process of converting receptor energy into neural impulses the brain can understand.
- Adaptation: Decreased sensory response to continuous stimuli.
Psychophysics
- The study of the relationship between the physical properties of stimuli and a person's experience of them.
- Absolute threshold: Minimum amount of energy we can detect.
- Difference threshold (jnd): The smallest change in a stimulus we can detect.
Perception
- "...a constructive process by which we go beyond the stimuli that are presented to us and attempt to construct a meaningful situation".
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of sensation and the various sensory systems, including vision, hearing, smell, taste, and balance. Test your understanding of how these senses function and how information is transmitted to the brain.
