42 Questions
What is the definition of negative selection?
Occurs when selection reduces the frequencies of alleles that reduce fitness
Which factor can be considered as an abiotic selective pressure?
Availability of limiting resources
What happens to neutral traits under selective pressures?
They remain unchanged as they don't affect fitness
In positive selection, what is the impact on allele frequencies?
They increase
What defines the strength of selective forces?
The degree to which an allele affects fitness
Which best describes how selective pressure impacts allele frequencies?
It accelerates changes in allele frequencies
What is the primary role of selective pressure in natural selection?
To produce organisms adapted to diverse environments
What term describes the set of environmental conditions impacting survival of individuals in a population?
Selective pressure
When selection reduces the frequencies of alleles that decrease fitness, it is known as:
Negative selection
What type of interactions fall under biotic factors that can act as selective pressures?
Mating and competition
What type of selection occurs when selection increases the frequencies of alleles that enhance fitness?
Positive selection
Which statement regarding selective pressure is accurate?
It can interact or compete with other selective pressures.
What determines whether selective forces are weak or strong?
Degree of fitness impact
Which factor is NOT considered a form of selective pressure?
Genetic drift
Which statement best describes how selective pressures can interact with each other?
Selective pressures can compete with and counteract the effects of other pressures.
How does the strength of selective pressure impact the rate of change in allele frequencies and traits?
Allele frequencies and traits change faster when selective pressure is stronger.
What is the relationship between selective pressure and the production of ideal organisms?
Selective pressure produces organisms that are adapted as much as possible to a specific environment, but not necessarily ideal.
Which statement accurately describes how selective pressures can change over time?
Selective pressures can and do change in an environment over time.
Which of the following factors is NOT a potential source of selective pressure?
Genetic drift, which is a random process unrelated to environmental factors.
Under what circumstances would negative selection occur?
When selection reduces the frequencies of alleles that reduce fitness.
Which statement accurately describes the impact of selective pressure on neutral traits?
Selection does not typically impact neutral traits because they don't change fitness.
What term describes the process in which selection reduces the frequencies of alleles that decrease fitness?
Negative selection
Which factor can act as a biotic selective pressure?
Competition within a species
What type of interactions can be considered as abiotic factors affecting selective pressure?
Changing temperatures
When would selection NOT typically impact neutral traits?
When they are not related to fitness
What characterizes positive selection?
Increases the frequencies of alleles increasing fitness
Which statement accurately describes the impact of selective pressure on allele frequencies and traits?
Both allele frequencies and traits change faster with stronger selective pressure
What is the primary role of selective pressure within the context of natural selection?
To produce organisms adapted to specific environments
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between selective pressure and the production of ideal organisms?
Selection produces organisms that are as adapted as possible to a specific environment, but not necessarily ideal.
Which of the following scenarios would NOT result in negative selection?
A population of butterflies with camouflaging wing patterns experiences an increase in the frequency of alleles for those patterns due to increased predation.
If a population experiences multiple selective pressures simultaneously, which statement accurately describes their interaction?
Multiple selective pressures can interact with and/or compete with each other.
Which statement accurately describes the impact of selective pressure on neutral traits?
Selection does not typically impact neutral traits because they don't change fitness.
If an allele confers a significant advantage in terms of fitness, what is the likely outcome?
The allele will experience strong positive selection, resulting in a rapid increase in its frequency within the population.
Which statement accurately describes the impact of changing selective pressures on allele frequencies and traits?
Allele frequencies and traits change faster when selective pressure is stronger.
Which of the following scenarios represents an example of an abiotic selective pressure?
A population of plants experiencing a decrease in available water due to a prolonged drought.
If a population is experiencing two selective pressures, one favoring individuals with a specific trait and another favoring individuals without that trait, what is the likely outcome?
The stronger selective pressure will dominate, leading to a change in allele frequencies corresponding to that pressure.
If a population experiences a sudden environmental change that renders a previously advantageous trait detrimental, what is the expected outcome over time?
The population will undergo negative selection, decreasing the frequency of the previously advantageous trait.
If a population experiences a selective pressure that strongly favors individuals with a particular trait, what is the expected impact on the rate of change in allele frequencies and the expression of that trait?
The rate of change in allele frequencies and trait expression will be rapid, as strong selective pressures drive faster adaptation.
In a population where a particular allele confers a significant advantage in terms of fitness, what is the expected outcome if a new, even more advantageous allele arises through mutation?
The original advantageous allele will be rapidly replaced by the new, more advantageous allele through positive selection.
In a population experiencing multiple selective pressures, one favoring a trait that enhances survival and another favoring a trait that enhances reproduction, what is the expected outcome?
The population will undergo disruptive selection, leading to the emergence of two distinct subpopulations, each adapted to one of the selective pressures.
If a population experiences a selective pressure that favors individuals with a particular trait, but that trait is also associated with a detrimental side effect, what is the expected outcome?
The population will undergo balancing selection, maintaining both the advantageous trait and the detrimental side effect.
If a population experiences a selective pressure that favors individuals with a particular trait, but that trait is also associated with a neutral side effect that does not impact fitness, what is the expected outcome?
The population will undergo positive selection for the advantageous trait, and the neutral side effect will be maintained.
Explore the concept of selective pressure in natural selection, including how environmental conditions impact the survival of individuals in a population. Learn about the different forms of selective pressures, such as abiotic factors like climate and biotic factors like interspecies interactions.
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