Week 4.2 How to attend!
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where we can't attend to all sensory information?

  • Automatic data reduction
  • Sensory systems
  • Selective attention (correct)
  • Conscious selective attention
  • Which concept involves the automatic filtering of sensory data to reduce the amount of information processed?

  • Selective attention
  • Cocktail party effect
  • Conscious selective attention
  • Sensory systems (correct)
  • What term is used to describe the phenomenon where we consciously choose which sensory information to focus on, like in a crowded room?

  • Selective attention
  • Automatic data reduction
  • Cocktail party effect
  • Conscious selective attention (correct)
  • What did subjects in Dichotic listening studies demonstrate for the attended message?

    <p>Semantic knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant finding related to the unattended message in Dichotic listening studies?

    <p>There was semantic retention of the last few words in working memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did people direct their attention in Dichotic listening studies?

    <p>To the source from one ear for the attended message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation of Broadbent's sensory filter theory is highlighted in the text?

    <p>Inability to explain the cocktail party effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Broadbent's sensory filter theory struggle to account for multi-modality processing?

    <p>It lacks a mechanism for integrating different types of sensory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of cognitive processing does Broadbent's sensory filter theory fail to address according to the text?

    <p>The role of semantic meaning in attentional allocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Broadbent's sensory filter theory, what is responsible for breaking through the filter to become information that we are consciously aware of?

    <p>Attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a crucial role in determining which information passes through the filter based on Broadbent's sensory filter theory?

    <p>Physical properties of the stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dichotic listening, what is the primary determinant of whether information reaches conscious awareness in accordance with Broadbent's sensory filter theory?

    <p>pitch, nature of voice, ear the sound is coming through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Triesman attenuation theory propose about the attentional bottleneck?

    <p>It is an early or middle, soft attentional bottleneck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Triesman attenuation theory describe the processing of unattended information?

    <p>Unattended information is attenuated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Triesman attenuation theory, what are the factors that can influence the selection of information for processing?

    <p>Physical properties Salience, Dictionary analysis filter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Deutsch and Deutsch theory, what is the basis for selection of information that reaches conscious awareness?

    <p>selection is based on Importance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Deutsch and Deutsch theory, what is the main characteristic of everything processed for meaning?

    <p>Late filtering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the text suggest that the brain processes information in relation to the three models?

    <p>The brain can seamlessly combine aspects of all three models as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the interaction between automaticity and task demands in explaining human behavior?

    <p>Automaticity can modulate its interaction with task demands to shape behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does blocking out information play, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Blocking out information can help in certain situations to manage cognitive load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensory memory has a duration of approximately 400 milliseconds?

    <p>Iconic memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the sensory store theory, what is the role of attention in relation to the stored data?

    <p>Attention is focused on the stored data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the modality-specific nature of the short-term stores in the sensory store theory?

    <p>Echoic memory, Auditory, A few seconds, Haptic memory, and Touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Miller's theory regarding the human capacity for items in working memory?

    <p>that the human capacity for items to be held in working memory is 7 ± 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Miller's theory contribute to the quantification of cognition?

    <p>By establishing a fixed number for items that can be held in working memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Sperling's theory suggest about the reason behind the 7 ± 2 limit on holding low-level visual information?

    <p>It results from attentional bottlenecks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Sperling's theory, what role does attention play in the capacity to hold low-level visual information briefly?

    <p>Attention mediates the 7 ± 2 limit on visual information retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Broadbent's model, how are inputs chosen for further processing?

    <p>Based on physical characteristics of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea conveyed in the text about the relationship between attention and processing of visual information?

    <p>Attention controls what visual information we process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of change blindness theory, what is the significance of motion?

    <p>Motion serves as a strong cue for the allocation of attentional resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does change blindness theory describe the impact of flicking between two still images on information processing?

    <p>Prevents motion information from being processed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional factors can contribute to change blindness according to the text?

    <p>Presence of visual noise and distractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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