Seizures in Children Quiz

Generalized seizures and focal seizures.

Status epilepticus.

They can affect 4-10% of the population.

<p>Transient paralysis that can occur after a seizure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>General myoclonic jerking of neck, trunk, and limbs that begin around 3-7 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoglycemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infections like meningitis and encephalitis can cause seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain tumors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypsarrhythmia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudoseizures are not caused by electrical disruptions in the brain like epileptic seizures and are often associated with psychological conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A basic workup includes an EEG and electrolyte tests to rule out metabolic anomalies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loosen tight clothing, place something soft under the person's head, and stay with them until they recover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do not try to restrain the person, put anything between their teeth, or give them food or drink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Febrile seizures last less than 15 minutes, and medical care should be sought if they last more than 5 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential side effects include fetal anomalies in pregnant women and the need to check blood levels for adequacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Options include a ketogenic diet, vagal nerve stimulation, and surgery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30-40% of children will experience at least one reoccurrence of febrile seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The general population risk of epilepsy is 0.5-1%, while the risk in patients with febrile seizures is 1-2%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lamotrigine may cause decreased cognitive ability among its long-term effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or oral steroids (prednisolone).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sudden episodes of staring with unresponsiveness lasting 5-15 seconds, often accompanied by subtle automatisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sleep deprivation, stress, or flashing lights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of a tonic phase with sudden limb stiffening followed by a clonic phase with rhythmic jerking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atonic seizures, also known as drop attacks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethosuximide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through long-term care focusing on developmental milestones and addressing underlying causes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They involve brief muscle jerks without loss of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tongue biting or urinary incontinence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valproic acid, carbamazepine, or levetiracetam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clonic seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 months to 5 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Status Epilepticus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypsarrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reflex seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atonic seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eye deviation, lip-smacking, apnea, or rhythmic limb movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ages 3-13 years; it presents with focal seizures during sleep involving the face and mouth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myoclonic jerks, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and absence seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antipyretics; no anticonvulsants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valproic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infantile spasms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethosuximide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focal aware seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treat underlying cause; phenobarbital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wear a protective helmet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stiffening followed by rhythmic jerking and loss of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focal impaired awareness seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Febrile seizures are often triggered by a rapid rise in temperature, occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common cause of neonatal seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infantile spasms are characterized by sudden, symmetric flexor or extensor jerks of the head, trunk, and limbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correcting metabolic abnormalities and administering phenobarbital as an anticonvulsant are management strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subtle signs include eye deviation or blinking and rhythmic limb jerking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Management includes ensuring airway patency and providing antipyretics for comfort, without using routine anticonvulsants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A family history of febrile seizures or epilepsy increases the risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infantile spasms typically start between 3 to 12 months of age; they can be associated with metabolic disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral infections, such as influenza or HHV-6, are often the cause of the fever that triggers febrile seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary goal is to correct metabolic abnormalities and treat any underlying infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers