Seedless and Seed Plants

Which characteristic distinguishes nonvascular plants from vascular plants?

Rhizoids are specialized structures that directly absorb nutrients from the soil, similar to true roots.

Describe the two stages of a moss plant's life cycle and the primary function of each stage.

Underground stems that produce roots and leaves, often resembling the ends of a violin or fiddle, are called _________.

Which of the following characteristics is unique to seed plants?

Gymnosperms are characterized by having 'covered seeds' within fruits.

Explain why conifers are predominantly found in regions with cold climates and sandy soil.

The process of pollen transfer from male cones to female cones is known as _________.

What is the primary use of resin, a sticky fluid produced by pine trees?

Angiosperms are exclusively non-vascular plants that produce flowers.

Describe the function of the stamen and its components (anther and filament) in the process of plant reproduction.

The sticky material produced by the _________ of the pistil helps to trap pollen grains during pollination.

Match the floral structure with its description:

What distinguishes complete flowers from incomplete flowers?

Pollination and fertilization are the same process, both referring to the union of sperm and ovum.

Describe the three major changes that occur in a flower after fertilization.

The period of inactivity that seeds go through, allowing them to withstand harsh conditions, is known as _________.

What role does the tough seed coat play during dormancy?

Seeds can germinate without water if they have a sufficiently thick seed coat.

Describe the initial event that triggers germination in a seed.

The young leaves located inside the seed are called _________.

In seed plants, what is the primary function of the endosperm?

Nonvascular plants, such as mosses, possess specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients over long distances.

Explain the significance of the development of seeds in the evolution and adaptation of plants.

The process by which pollen grains are transferred from the anther to the stigma, often facilitated by wind, water, or animals, is called _________.

Which of the following is NOT a typical adaptation of conifers to cold climates?

Gymnosperms and angiosperms both rely exclusively on wind for pollination.

Describe three adaptations of angiosperms that contribute to their widespread distribution and diversity.

The part of the flower that develops into a fruit after fertilization is the _________.

What critical event must occur before the zygote can develop into an embryo?

Cotyledons are structures unique to gymnosperms and are not found in angiosperms.

Compare and contrast the roles of rhizoids in nonvascular plants and roots in vascular plants.

The needle-shaped leaves of conifers are specifically adapted to reduce water loss through a process called _________.

What is the primary ecological role of resin produced by coniferous trees?

The production of flowers is a characteristic exclusive to gymnosperms.

Explain how the lifecycle of a seedless nonvascular plant such as moss differs from that of a seed-bearing vascular plant such as a conifer.

The structure in a flower that contains the ovules, which develop into seeds upon fertilization, is called the _________.

Match the plant structure with its function:

Which set of characteristics is exclusive to angiosperms?