Seed Morphology and Uses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of castor oil?

  • As a lubricant (correct)
  • As a stimulant
  • As an anti-inflammatory
  • As a preservative

Which plant family does the castor seed belong to?

  • Solanaceae
  • Euphorbiaceae (correct)
  • Asteraceae
  • Rosaceae

Which of the following correctly describes the seeds of fenugreek?

  • They are used primarily in painting
  • They are rich in caffeine
  • They are classified as a synthetic substance
  • They are dried ripe seeds (correct)

What is the therapeutic category of castor oil?

<p>Laxative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits associated with flaxseed cake in cattle feed?

<p>It promotes milk production. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Foenugreek seeds are primarily known for which of the following properties?

<p>Antidiabetic effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cathartics like castor oil?

<p>To induce bowel movements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about flaxseed is NOT correct?

<p>Flaxseed is classified under Leguminosae. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another health benefit of Foenugreek seeds besides their antidiabetic effects?

<p>Hypocholesterolaemic effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound class do both flaxseed and foenugreek belong to?

<p>Seeds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of large doses of the plant known as الجوز المقيء?

<p>Emetic effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes strychnine?

<p>It has a highly toxic effect. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of الجوز المقيء?

<p>Spice and condiment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the botanical origin of الجوز المقيء?

<p>Derived from a tree (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of consuming large doses of الجوز المقيء?

<p>Causes nausea and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of irritation associated with black mustard war gas?

<p>Irritation of the eye and respiratory system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of black mustard is primarily responsible for its toxic effects?

<p>Dried ripe seeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a possible outcome of exposure to black mustard war gas?

<p>Increased mucous membrane secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with black mustard war gas exposure?

<p>Vision enhancement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which family does Brassica nigra belong to?

<p>Brassicaceae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What plant family does mustard belong to?

<p>Cruciferae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the seeds mentioned?

<p>They are considered a spice and condiment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do mustard seeds have in large doses?

<p>They have an emetic effect. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the botanical name of the mustard plant referenced?

<p>Brassica alba (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of seeds are specifically mentioned in the content?

<p>Dried ripe seeds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Nux Vomica derived from?

<p>The dried ripe seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which family does Strychnos nux-vomica belong to?

<p>Loganiaceae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of Nux Vomica as highlighted in the content?

<p>As a rodenticide due to its toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the form of Nux Vomica used?

<p>Dried ripe seeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Nux Vomica specifically effective as a rodenticide?

<p>It is highly toxic to mammals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Castor Seed

The dried ripe seeds of Ricinus communis plant, used as a lubricant and in paints.

Castor Oil

A natural substance extracted from castor seeds, known for its laxative effect.

Cathartic

A substance that stimulates bowel movements, leading to increased stool frequency. Castor oil is a common example.

Euphorbiaceae

The family of plants that castor beans belong to.

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Lubricant

A substance that reduces friction between surfaces, making movement smoother. Castor oil acts as a lubricant.

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Fenugreek Seeds

The dried ripe seeds of the Trigonella foenum-graecum plant, which belongs to the Leguminosae family.

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Lactagogue

A substance that promotes the production of milk in lactating mothers.

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Antidiabetic

A substance that helps to regulate blood sugar levels, potentially lowering them.

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Hypocholesterolaemic

A substance that helps to lower cholesterol levels in the body.

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Linseed

Linseed, a type of seed, has a reputation for being a high-quality food source for cattle, particularly promoting their milk production.

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Nux-vomica seeds

Dried ripe seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica plant, belonging to the Loganiaceae family.

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Strychnos nux-vomica

The plant from which nux-vomica seeds come, belonging to the Loganiaceae family.

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Loganiaceae

The family to which the Strychnos nux-vomica plant belongs.

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Rodenticide

The use of nux-vomica seeds to kill rodents.

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Rodenticide

A substance used to kill rodents.

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Black Mustard Seeds

Black mustard seeds are the dried seeds of the Brassica nigra plant, a member of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family.

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War Gas

War gas, a type of chemical weapon, causes irritation in the eyes (lacrimation) and respiratory system, leading to asphyxia and potentially death.

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Lacrimation

The irritation of the eye caused by war gas is called lacrimation, which means excessive tearing or shedding of tears.

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Respiratory System Irritation

Black mustard seeds are known to cause irritation in the respiratory system, leading to increased mucus production and potential asphyxia.

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Asphyxia

Asphyxia refers to the lack of oxygen in the body, which can be caused by various factors, including the effects of war gas.

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Nux Vomica

A plant with seeds that are used as a spice and condiment, but can also cause vomiting in large doses.

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Emetic

A type of substance that induces vomiting, usually used for treating poisoning or stomach upset.

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Emetic effect

A substance that causes vomiting, often a symptom of poisoning.

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Highly toxic effect

The effect of a substance, like Nux Vomica, causing a strong reaction that can lead to vomiting and potentially serious consequences.

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White Mustard Seeds

The dried, ripe seeds of the Brassica alba plant, belonging to the Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) family.

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White Mustard

A common culinary spice and condiment derived from white mustard seeds.

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Brassicaceae

The scientific classification of Brassica alba, the plant that yields white mustard seeds.

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Brassica

The genus of the white mustard plant, containing various plants known for their edible seeds.

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Study Notes

Seeds

  • Seeds are mature fertilized ovules, ensuring plant continuation and distribution.
  • They contain an embryo, the developing plant.

Seed Morphology

  • Seed components include:
    • Endosperm: Food storage for the embryo
    • Epicotyl: Upper part of the embryonic stem
    • Hypocotyl: Lower part of the embryonic stem
    • Radicle: Embryonic root
    • Embryo: Developing plant within the seed
    • Seed coat: Protective outer layer
  • Different seed types (dicots and monocots) display varying structures and seed coat composition

Seed Uses

  • Linseed (Flax seed):
    • Uses: Drying oil in paintings, a valuable cattle feed
    • Botanical origin: Linum usitatissimum (Linaceae family)
  • Foenugreek seeds:
    • Uses: Lactagogue, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolaemic, laxative
    • Botanical origin: Trigonella foenum-graecum (Leguminosae family)
  • Castor seeds:
    • Uses: Cathartic, lubricant, paints
    • Botanical origin: Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae family)
  • Strophanthus seeds:
    • Uses: Cardiotonic, diuretic
    • Botanical origin: Strophanthus kombe, Strophanthus gratus, Strophanthus hispidus (Apocynaceae family)
  • Nigella seeds:
    • Uses: Antihypertensive, liver tonics, diuretics, digestive, anti-diarrheal, appetite stimulant, analgesics, anti-bacterial, skin disorders
    • Botanical origin: Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae family)
  • Nux-Vomica seeds:
    • Uses: Rodenticide
    • Botanical origin: Strychnos nux-vomica (Loganiaceae family). Contains highly toxic strychnine.
  • Black mustard seeds:
    • Uses: Spice and condiment, emetic in large doses, war gas (can cause irritation, respiratory issues and death).
    • Botanical origin: Brassica nigra (Cruciferae/Brassicaceae family)
  • White mustard seeds:
    • Uses: Spice and condiment, emetic in large doses.
    • Botanical origin: Brassica alba (Cruciferae/Brassicaceae family)
  • Nutmeg:
    • Uses: Stimulant, carminative, flavoring agent, externally in rheumatism.
    • Botanical origin: Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae family)

Chemical Tests for Seeds

  • Sudan III test: Detects fixed oils (Turns red)
  • Picric acid test: Detects proteins (Turns yellow)

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Seeds PDF

Description

Explore the fascinating world of seeds, including their structure, components, and the various uses of different seed types. Learn about the significance of seeds like linseed, foenugreek, and castor seeds in agriculture and industry. This quiz will deepen your understanding of plant biology and seed functions.

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