Second Language Acquisition and Personality

<p>There is a limited time frame during which language learning is most effective. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language recovery and acquisition become significantly more difficult. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Johnson &amp; Newport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a strict deadline after which native-like proficiency is impossible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a result of reinforcement and experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cases of feral children failing to acquire full linguistic competence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early childhood experiences and unconscious processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of traits, attitudes, and behaviors that distinguish one individual from another (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Handwriting style (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Learning approach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contribute to motivation and the choice of learner strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help explain why learners attain different levels of success in L2 acquisition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personal growth and self-actualization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A theory that states there is an optimal window for language acquisition in early childhood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early bilinguals have higher brain plasticity, allowing for seamless language integration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early bilinguals process both languages in the same neural areas, while late bilinguals may use different regions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early bilinguals are more likely to acquire native-like pronunciation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Late bilinguals rely more on explicit learning, such as studying grammar rules, while early bilinguals acquire language naturally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stronger first language influence on pronunciation and grammar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first language remains stronger, making L2 acquisition more effortful (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early bilinguals are more likely to code-switch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forgetting vocabulary in the first language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The differences between the structures and features of the learner's first language and the target language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language learning is primarily a process of forming connections between stimuli and responses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The affective filter blocks language acquisition when learners experience negative emotions like anxiety. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comprehensible input that is provided at a pace suitable for the learner's current level of proficiency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing input, receiving feedback, and negotiating meaning with others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simplifying speech by using shorter sentences and more basic vocabulary. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Written input provides exposure to vocabulary, grammar, and language structures in structured contexts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language mixing is a natural part of their development. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilinguals tend to feel more comfortable expressing emotions in their first language. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilingualism enhances the ability to manage multiple cognitive processes, aiding in problem-solving. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consistent exposure and opportunities to use both languages are crucial for bilingual proficiency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Late bilinguals can achieve fluency, though they might rely more on their first language initially. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilingualism enhances cognitive control by improving the ability to switch attention, manage impulses, and handle multiple tasks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilingualism, regardless of acquisition time, provides cognitive, social, and professional advantages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing exposure to the language, immersing themselves in the language, and utilizing strategic learning approaches. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type theories classify individuals into distinct categories, while trait theories place individuals on a continuum. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extraverts gain energy from social interactions, while introverts gain energy from solitude. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creativity–Logic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand an individual's preferences in perceiving the world and making decisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has limited scientific backing and lacks consistent reliability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuroticism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Age influences language learning, alongside factors like motivation and exposure.

A set of traits, attitudes, and behaviors that distinguish individuals.

Factors that explain varying success levels among language learners.

Handwriting style is not considered an individual difference in SLA.

Influences motivation and choice of learning strategies in language learning.

Focuses on early experiences and unconscious processes impacting personality.

Views personality as shaped by reinforcement and experience.

Emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization in personality development.

L1 acquisition occurs within a biological window; L2 acquisition varies based on individual factors.

Factors like age can significantly affect how individuals learn a second language.

Neuroplasticity allows younger learners to acquire languages more intuitively.

The hypothesis proposes a limited time frame during which language learning is most effective.

After the critical period, acquiring language becomes significantly more difficult.

Researchers like Johnson & Newport suggest that brain plasticity decreases after puberty.

It suggests a strict age deadline after which native-like proficiency is unachievable.

Feral children who missed language learning critical period fail to acquire full linguistic competence.

A principle predicting learner difficulties based on differences between L1 and L2.

An approach that emphasizes strengthening associations between stimuli and responses in language acquisition.

The idea that emotional states like anxiety can hinder language acquisition.

Comprehensible input slightly above the learner's current language level is essential for language acquisition.

Interaction provides input, feedback, and meaning negotiation opportunities.

Simplification of speech used by native speakers when communicating with non-native speakers.

Written input exposes learners to vocabulary and grammar in a structured way, aiding literacy development.

Skills in one language may transfer to another based on similarities in writing systems.

Theory suggesting languages can be learned equally well at any age.

A theory stating there's an ideal age for learning languages, particularly in early childhood.

Early bilinguals have higher brain plasticity, aiding seamless language integration.

Early bilinguals use the same neural areas for both languages, unlike late bilinguals, who may use different regions.

Early bilinguals are more likely to achieve native-like pronunciation than late bilinguals.

Late bilinguals often depend more on explicit learning methods than early bilinguals, who learn naturally.

The stronger influence of the first language can make L2 acquisition harder for late bilinguals.

Late bilinguals often face stronger first language influence on pronunciation and grammar.

Early bilinguals may combine elements from both languages during language development.

Late bilinguals can struggle with their first language affecting their second language use.

Bilinguals often prefer to express feelings in their first language.

Bilingualism can enhance problem-solving skills by training the brain to handle two languages.

Consistent exposure to both languages boosts bilingual proficiency.

Late bilinguals can be fluent but may depend on their first language for structure.

Bilinguals often show improved ability to switch tasks and control impulses.

Late bilinguals can improve through exposure, immersion, and strategic learning.

Type theories focus on fluid characteristics, while trait theories emphasize fixed categories and behaviors.

Extraverts gain energy from social interactions, while introverts gain energy from solitude.

The MBTI includes four dichotomies: Extraversion–Introversion, Thinking–Feeling, Sensing–Intuition, and Judging–Perceiving.

The MBTI aims to measure an individual's psychological preferences in perceiving the world and making decisions.

A major criticism of MBTI is that it lacks strong scientific validation.

The five main dimensions of personality in the Big Five Model are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.

This Big Five trait describes being imaginative and open to new experiences.

Conscientiousness is associated with self-discipline and goal-oriented behavior.