Search and Rescue Dogs Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which type of search and rescue dog is most likely to produce a 'false alarm'?

Air scent dog (correct)

Tracking dog

Disaster dog

Trailing dog

A search and rescue dog is tracking a person across a paved street. What type of dog is most likely being used?

Trailing dog (correct)

Air scent dog

Tracking dog

Cadaver dog

Which of the following best describes how a trailing dog detects a person?

By following the greatest concentration of scent particles in the air.

By physically tracking the path of a person without using scent.

By following the scent of skin cells shed from a person. (correct)

By detecting the scent of decaying flesh.

For which scenario is a disaster dog BEST suited?

Locating a victim under a collapsed building. Signup and view all the answers

A dog is tracking a suspect by following their exact footsteps. What type of dog is MOST likely being used?

Tracking dog Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary benefit observed by Freud when using dogs with his patients?

The dogs seemed to encourage a more open and relaxed environment for communication. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a primary benefit associated with Animal Assisted Therapy?

Reduced need for human interaction for mental wellbeing. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Animal Assisted Activities (AAA) compared to Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT)?

AAA primarily uses animals for recreational, emotional and social benefits, while AAT is more structured and goal oriented. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a cadaver dog's training?

To detect the scent of human remains, regardless of location. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary category of child maltreatment?

Financial exploitation Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, what is a challenge with the definitions of child maltreatment categories?

The definitions are vague and open to interpretation. Signup and view all the answers

Why is a Water Cadaver Search Dog required to be located quickly after detecting a scent?

Water currents can cause the scent of human remains to rapidly move, making detection more difficult. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of an avalanche rescue dog?

Ability to locate individuals up to 15 ft deep in snow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT)?

To use therapy from the animal human bond to get improvements in human physical, social, emotional or cognitive function. Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is often used for police work in North America?

German Shepherd Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of failure to thrive in children, as listed in the provided material?

Physiological abuse Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided statistics, what percentage of sexual abuse incidents involve a perpetrator who is a family member?

30% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT explicitly listed as a form of sexual activity in the content?

Digital sexual activity Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, what term describes encouraging a child to display themselves for the sexual gratification of an adult?

Voyeurism Signup and view all the answers

What is a common long-term psychological effect of child sexual abuse, according to the content provided?

Depression and thoughts of suicide Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided information, what is a potential long-term behavioral effect of child sexual abuse?

Unhealthy behaviors like self-harm Signup and view all the answers

In addition to sexual activities, what other behaviors are included as sexual abuse?

Exposing genitals to a child Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided statistics from 1998, what approximate percentage of Canadian children had a substantiated case of mistreatment?

1% Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of sexual abuse cases involve a perpetrator that is not a family member, according to the data provided?

60% Signup and view all the answers

Which category of child maltreatment was reported most frequently in Canada in 1998?

Neglect Signup and view all the answers

Shaken Baby Syndrome falls under which category of child maltreatment?

Physical Abuse Signup and view all the answers

Failure to provide adequate nutrition, clothing, or housing to a child is categorized as:

Physical neglect Signup and view all the answers

A caregiver who encourages or fails to supervise a child's criminal behavior falls under which type of neglect?

Permitting maladaptive or criminal behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to the data, what percentage of cases were categorized as emotional neglect?

19% Signup and view all the answers

A child under the age of 3 experiencing significant developmental or nutritional problems may be classified under which subtype of maltreatment?

Non-organic failure to thrive Signup and view all the answers

Chronic truancy, defined as more than 5 days per month of unexcused absence from school, is classified under which type of neglect?

Educational Neglect Signup and view all the answers

In Canada, what is the primary focus of child protection laws?

Protecting children from harm through preventative and reactive measures. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the legal responsibility of individuals in Canada regarding suspected child maltreatment?

To report suspicions to the appropriate authorities in good faith. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of joint investigations in child maltreatment cases?

To minimize interview times with children and reduce potential corruption. Signup and view all the answers

Under the Canadian Criminal Code, which of these is NOT an offense related to sexual abuse and exploitation?

Aggravated assault. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Canadian Criminal Code, which of the following actions constitutes a sexual offense?

Luring a child for a specific purpose. Signup and view all the answers

What does section 150.1 of the Criminal Code of Canada specifically state regarding sexual offenses?

Consent is not a defense in sexual assault cases involving a minor. Signup and view all the answers

Under which section of the Canadian Criminal Code could a court order a peace bond against someone who may commit a sexual offense against a child?

Section 810.1 Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided data, which sector accounted for the highest cost related to child abuse in Canada?

Employment costs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the principle surrounding families in Canadian child and family services legislation?

Families are the basic units of society, responsible for care, nurturing, supervision and should be supported. Signup and view all the answers

In addition to child protection authorities, which other body can receive reports of suspected child abuse in some Canadian provinces and territories?

Police. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dogs Involved in Search Rescue

Air Scent Dogs (Area-search dogs): Find lost people by detecting human scent drifting in the air. They work best in large open areas as scents are easily affected by things like wind, temperature, and contaminants. They do not usually discriminate scents, potentially leading to "false alarms".
Trailing Dogs: Follow scents of tissue or skin shed by individuals. They work best with a "starting point". Field contaminants do not affect their ability to track, working on pavement, streets, grass, or water.
Tracking Dogs: Similar to trailing dogs, but they physically track the path of a person/subject without relying only on scent. They are used for criminal pursuit.
Disaster Dogs: Detect human scents in unnatural environments, like collapsed structures after disasters. They are trained in unstable conditions, confined spaces, and other challenging settings.
Cadaver Dogs: Detect the scents of decaying flesh to locate human remains, not living people, above and below ground. They can detect tiny pieces of tissue or blood droplets.
Water Cadaver Search Dogs: Detect human scent in water. Water currents change quickly, requiring dive teams to react immediately when the dog detects a scent. These dogs need to be highly alert and stable for extended periods.

Public Order Enforcement

Big dog breeds are often used in this area.
These dogs assist in tracking and restraining criminals.
Many different breeds are used, including German Shepherd dogs (common in North America) and Giant Schnauzers (Europe).

Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT)

Goal-directed intervention using the animal-human bond.
Promotes improvements in physical, social, emotional, or cognitive function.
Works with other health professionals to achieve therapy goals.
Pioneered by Tuke (1725; Twining Tea Company after WWII).
Allowed mentally ill patients to interact with domestic animals in facility grounds.
Freud (1865) found interaction with pets (dogs) relaxed his patients, allowing more free speech.

Some Benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy

Improves outlook (positive feelings and focus).
Enhances communication, mental stimulation, promotes socialization.
Enhances physiological and physical (blindness & agoraphobia) and mental parameters.
Induces empathy (juvenile and violent offenders in prisons).

Animal Assisted Activities (AAA)

Utilizes animals for recreational, emotional, and social benefits.
Primarily known as "pet visitation".
It is important to understand the difference between AAT and AAA (though the difference is not explicit here).

Courthouse Dogs

(Background information for these dogs is missing from the provided text).

Child Maltreatment

Four categories: Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Neglect, and Emotional Maltreatment.
Definitions are open to interpretation, leading to overlap.

Canada Statistics, 1998

135,573 maltreatment investigations (2.15% of all children).
61,201 cases were substantiated (45%).
~10 child per 1000 children had substantiated cases of mistreatment in Canada (1998).
Physical Abuse (34% incidence):
- Child has suffered or is at risk of suffering physical abuse (3 subcategories):
  - Shaken Baby Syndrome
  - Inappropriate Punishment (corporal punishment)
  - Other forms (burns, broken bones).
Neglect (40% most frequent):
- Child has suffered or will suffer harm due to failure to:
  - Protect or supervise leading to physical harm
  - Protect or supervise leading to sexual abuse
  - Provide inadequate nutrition, clothing, or housing
Emotional Maltreatment (19%):
- Child suffers or is at risk of suffering mental and emotional injury
  - Emotional abuse (overtly hostile or punitive treatment)
  - Emotional neglect (inadequate nurturing or affection)
  - Non-organic failure to thrive (children under 3 with marked developmental problems, nutritional problems).
  - Exposure to family violence (witnessing caregiver injuries).
Sexual Abuse (10% incidence):
- 30% of cases involve family members (dads, uncles, cousins).
- 60% of cases involve known individuals, not necessarily family.
- 10% involves strangers.
- Includes various acts of sexual abuse (sexual activity completed/attempted, fondling, exposure, voyeurism, sexual exploitation, and sexual harassment) -Includes both intra-familial (within family) and extra-familial (outside the family).
Costs of Child Abuse in Canada (per year):
- Overall cost in Canada for Child Abuse prevention is $ 15,705,910,047 (a total from judicial, social, educational, health, employment, and personal costs).

Canadian Law

Child and family services legislation prioritizes supporting families and their ability to care for and nurture children. Legislation also recognizes child rights and government protection from abuse/neglect.
Professionals and the public who suspect child abuse must report it to appropriate authorities.
Provinces like SK, PEI, and Newfoundland have specific laws about reporting child abuse to the police.
Provincial laws highlight the protection of children from harm and use joint investigations, minimizing interview times for children, and reducing perpetrator interference.
This section also defines various offences in the Criminal Code of Canada pertaining to sexual assault and exploitation.

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Description

Explore the various types of search and rescue dogs, including Air Scent, Trailing, Tracking, Disaster, and Cadaver Dogs. Each type has unique roles and methods for detecting human scents in different environments. This quiz provides insights into their functionalities and best use cases.