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Questions and Answers
What was the primary cause of the Scottish Wars of Independence?
What was the primary cause of the Scottish Wars of Independence?
Which battle marked the beginning of the First War of Independence?
Which battle marked the beginning of the First War of Independence?
Who led the English invasion of Scotland in 1296?
Who led the English invasion of Scotland in 1296?
What was the outcome of the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314?
What was the outcome of the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314?
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What document asserted Scottish independence in 1320?
What document asserted Scottish independence in 1320?
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Who was recognized as King Robert I of Scotland in the Treaty of Northampton?
Who was recognized as King Robert I of Scotland in the Treaty of Northampton?
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What event started the Second War of Independence?
What event started the Second War of Independence?
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Who was defeated and forced into exile during the Second War of Independence?
Who was defeated and forced into exile during the Second War of Independence?
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What was the outcome of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1357?
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1357?
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What was the time period of the Scottish Wars of Independence?
What was the time period of the Scottish Wars of Independence?
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Study Notes
Scottish Wars of Independence
Background
- The Scottish Wars of Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England from 1296 to 1357
- Caused by English attempts to exert control over Scotland, leading to Scottish resistance and ultimately, independence
First War of Independence (1296-1357)
- Started with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296, led by King Edward I of England
- Key events:
- Battle of Dunbar (1296): English victory, leading to the capture of King John Balliol of Scotland
- William Wallace and Andrew Moray's rebellion (1297): Scottish victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge, but defeat at the Battle of Falkirk
- Edward I's second invasion (1298): Recapture of Scottish towns and castles
- Robert the Bruce's rebellion (1306): Scottish victory at the Battle of Inverurie, but defeat at the Battle of Methven
- Battle of Bannockburn (1314): Decisive Scottish victory, leading to the Declaration of Arbroath (1320) asserting Scottish independence
- Treaty of Northampton (1328): Recognized Scottish independence, with Robert the Bruce as King Robert I of Scotland
Second War of Independence (1332-1357)
- Started with the English-backed invasion of Scotland by Edward Balliol, son of John Balliol
- Key events:
- Battle of Dupplin Moor (1332): English-backed victory, leading to Edward Balliol's coronation as King of Scotland
- Battle of Halidon Hill (1333): English victory, but ultimately failed to secure control over Scotland
- David II of Scotland's reign (1331-1371): Fought to regain control, but was defeated and forced into exile
- Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton (1357): Recognized David II as King of Scotland, ending the Second War of Independence
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Scottish Wars of Independence, a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England from 1296 to 1357. Learn about key events, battles, and figures that shaped Scotland's struggle for independence.
