54 Questions
According to the text, what is psychology?
The scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior
Which of the following theoretical perspectives in psychology was developed by Jean Piaget?
Cognitivism
Who established the first psychology lab in 1879?
William James
Which approach rejected introspection and focused on observable behavior?
Behaviourism
Which approach aimed to understand the mental processes underlying thinking in various contexts?
Cognitivism
Which approach focused on uncovering internal (unconscious) processes that we are unaware of?
Psychoanalysis
Which of the following is true about Sir Francis Galton?
All of the above
What is the purpose of eugenics?
To improve the genetic quality of the population
What is the statistical concept of correlation?
The association of two variables
What is the primary aim of structuralism?
To identify the basic elements/structure of psychological experience
Which of the following is a characteristic of pseudoscience?
Exaggerated claims
Which logical fallacy is committed when someone assumes that a claim is correct because many people believe it?
Bandwagon Fallacy
What is the main danger of pseudoscience?
Opportunity cost
What is the definition of scientific skepticism?
Evaluating claims with an open mind and insisting on persuasive evidence before acceptance
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pseudoscience?
Relies on empirical evidence
Which of the following theoretical perspectives in psychology focuses on uncovering internal (unconscious) processes that we are unaware of?
Psychodynamic Theory (of Freud)
Which of the following is true about Sir Francis Galton?
He developed the concept of correlation
Which of the following is NOT a trend in the development of psychology?
Structuralism
Which of the following is NOT a field of psychology?
Chemical Psychology
Which of the following is NOT a level of analysis in psychology?
Psychodynamic
Which of the following is the main danger of pseudoscience?
Misleading the public
Which of the following is NOT a difficulty in predicting human behavior, according to the text?
Psychological differences
Which of the following is a characteristic of pseudoscience, according to the text?
All of the above
What is the term used to describe the tendency to see patterns in meaningless data?
Patternicity
Which logical fallacy is committed when someone assumes that a claim is correct because it has been around for a long time?
Argument from antiquity fallacy
What is the term used to describe the tendency to stick to initial beliefs despite contradicting evidence?
Belief perseverance
Which of the following is NOT a logical fallacy to avoid when evaluating psychological claims, according to the text?
Bias blind spot
What is the term used to describe the tendency to seek evidence that supports our beliefs and deny contradicting evidence?
Confirmation bias
Who established the first psychology lab in 1879?
William James
Which approach rejected introspection and focused on observable behavior?
Behaviourism
What is the primary aim of structuralism?
To break down consciousness into elements
Which approach aimed to understand the mental processes underlying thinking in a variety of contexts?
Cognitivism
According to the text, what is psychology?
The study of mental processes
Which approach focused on uncovering internal (unconscious) processes that we are unaware of?
Psychoanalysis
What is the aim of cognitive psychology?
To study the mental processes underlying thinking
Which approach rejected introspection and focused on the ongoing conscious functions of processes?
Functionalism
Who developed the psychoanalytic theory?
Sigmund Freud
According to the text, what is the main difference between monism and dualism?
Monism believes that the mind is not separate from the body, while dualism believes that the mind is separate from the body
According to the text, what is the main difference between nativism and empiricism?
Nativism believes that learning occurs through innate predispositions, while empiricism believes that learning occurs through associations
According to the text, what is the main focus of eugenics?
To improve genetic quality of the population
According to the text, what is the statistical concept of correlation?
The association of two variables
According to the text, what is the main aim of structuralism?
To identify the basic elements or structure of psychological experience
According to the text, what is the main focus of the theoretical perspective of behaviorism?
To understand the mental processes underlying thinking in various contexts
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind, brain, and ______.
behavior
The goal of psychological research is to understand human ______.
behavior
Historical roots of psychology can be traced back to ______.
philosophy
According to the text, are we born with our abilities or do we ______ them (by learning)?
acquire
According to the text, what is the theory of specific nerve ______?
energies
According to the text, what is the method of looking at existing brain ______?
damage
According to the text, what is the term used to describe the belief that we are born as a blank sheet and experiences shape our abilities/qualities?
Tabula Rasa
Structuralism studies the ______/elements of the mind/consciousness
structure
Functionalism is more concerned with ongoing consciousness and functions of processes rather than ______
structure
Behaviourism focuses on external ______ elements
observable
Cognitivism aims to understand the mental processes underlying ______ in a variety of contexts
thinking
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