Scientific Thinking Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of scientific thinking?

  • To remain influenced by personal interests
  • To gather a set of indisputable facts
  • To understand how the natural world works (correct)
  • To confirm pre-existing beliefs

    • What term describes information that is influenced by feelings, interests, or prejudices?

  • Empirical
  • Subjective (correct)
  • Fact-based
  • Objective

    • Which of the following factors can influence scientific results?

  • Independent variable selection
  • Employment of peer review
  • Gender and nationality of the scientist (correct)
  • Use of standardized measurements

    • How is scientific understanding characterized according to the provided content?

    <p>It can change over time with new evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the nature of science?

    <p>Science does not provide certainty, only degrees of probability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do new tools and technologies play in scientific understanding?

    <p>They can lead to revised interpretations of facts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for people to evaluate scientific information?

    <p>To make informed decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle of the scientific process?

    <p>It aims for objectivity and lack of bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary requirement for good science?

    <p>Objectivity to avoid bias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Natural Science?

    <p>Biology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of science focuses on practical applications of knowledge?

    <p>Applied Science (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Basic Science from Applied Science?

    <p>Basic Science is about pure knowledge and facts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a 'Soft Science'?

    <p>Psychology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a 'Hard Science'?

    <p>Biology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of Basic/Pure Science?

    <p>Mathematics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of Humanities and Social Sciences?

    <p>Investigate social relationships and human behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Objective Science

    Scientific study that is not influenced by feelings, interests, or prejudices.

    Subjective Science

    Scientific study that is influenced by personal feelings, interests, or prejudices.

    Scientific Process

    The way scientists investigate the natural world.

    Bias in Science

    Factors that can affect the reliability of scientific results, such as researcher's gender, nationality, interests or sampling methods.

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    Evaluating Scientific Info

    Assessing scientific information to make informed decisions.

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    Understanding the Natural World

    Science's goal is to understand how nature works and its history.

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    Science is Probabilistic

    Scientific understanding is based on probabilities, not absolute certainty.

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    Science is Dynamic

    Scientific understanding evolves over time as tools & knowledge improve.

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    Good Science

    Good science is objective. Experiments are designed without bias.

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    Humanities and Social Sciences

    Study social aspects like behavior, society, and relationships.

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    Natural Sciences

    Study the physical world: matter, energy, and interactions.

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    Soft Sciences

    Humanities and social sciences (less precise).

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    Hard Sciences

    Natural sciences (more precise, data-driven).

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    Basic/Pure Science

    Focus on finding knowledge and facts, no immediate practical purpose.

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    Applied Science

    Use knowledge to create something practical or solve a problem.

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    Bias

    A prejudice or preconceived idea that may skew the results of a study

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    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course Name: "Scientific Thinking"
    • Instructor: Dr. Manal Shams-Dean Ahmed
    • Affiliation: Assistant Professor of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University
    • Website: sinaiuniversity.net

    What is Science?

    • Science is a process to understand the natural world and its workings.
    • Science is not just collecting facts but using observations for understanding.
    • Science involves a degree of probability, not certainty.
    • Scientific understanding can change over time with new observations and interpretations.
    • New tools and technology can lead to changes in scientific understanding.

    Features of Good Science

    • Objectivity is a critical component of good science.
    • Experiments should be designed and conducted without bias.

    Types of Science

    • Social Sciences: Study the human aspect (e.g., psychology, history, economics, geography)
    • Natural Sciences: Study the physical world (e.g., biology, mathematics, pharmacology)
    • Basic/Pure Science: The search for knowledge and facts
    • Applied Science: Uses knowledge in a practical way (e.g., pharmacy, engineering)

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    Related Documents

    Sinai University Scientific Thinking Lecture Notes PDF Fall 2024

    Description

    Explore the core concepts of scientific thinking, including its definition, features of good science, and different branches. This quiz delves into how science aims to understand the natural world and the importance of objectivity in research. Test your knowledge on the principles that define effective scientific inquiry.

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