Questions and Answers
What is inductive reasoning?
Deriving general principles from a large number of specific observations.
What is deductive reasoning?
The logic used in hypothesis-based science, to come up with ways to test hypotheses. The reasoning flows from the general to the specific. It is simply 'if...then'.
What are the two main approaches scientists use to learn about nature?
Discovery science and hypothesis-based science.
We can prove or disprove there is a higher power.
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What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-based science?
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Study Notes
Approaches to Scientific Inquiry
- Inductive reasoning involves forming general principles based on numerous specific observations, allowing scientists to develop broader theories.
- Deductive reasoning is utilized in hypothesis-based science and follows a logical framework where reasoning proceeds from general premises to specific conclusions through an "if...then" structure.
Types of Scientific Methods
- Scientists primarily use two methodologies to understand natural phenomena:
- Discovery science, focusing on observation and description of natural objects and occurrences.
- Hypothesis-based science, which involves proposing hypotheses, making deductions, and testing predictions to explain nature.
Limitations of Scientific Proof
- Science cannot definitively prove or disprove abstract concepts such as the existence of a higher power, paranormal entities like ghosts, or claims like rainbows curing cancer.
- Scientific validation is limited to measurable phenomena, highlighting that science relies on empirical evidence.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the two main approaches scientists use to understand nature: inductive and deductive reasoning. Each concept is defined clearly to help reinforce understanding. Ideal for students looking to grasp foundational scientific methods.
