Science Weathering Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of weathering?

Weathering is the physical and chemical break down of rocks.

What is the definition of physical weathering?

Physical weathering is where rocks break down through natural, physical means.

What is the definition of chemical weathering?

Chemical weathering is the chemical break down of rocks.

What is an example of physical weathering?

Sudden temperature change. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of chemical weathering?

When water and air reacts with the minerals in the rocks. Signup and view all the answers

What is a rock that contains only one mineral?

Limestone. Signup and view all the answers

What is a rock that contains more than one mineral?

Granite. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of crystals?

Diamonds, Rubies, Sapphires, Emeralds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rock cycle?

Magma to igneous to sedimentary to metamorphic to magma. Signup and view all the answers

What is erosion?

The process where weathered materials are carried away by wind, water or glaciers. Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is formed by the cooling or hardening of magma or lava?

Igneous. Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is formed by the cementing together and hardening of sediments?

Sedimentary. Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is formed from other rocks by the action of heat and pressure?

Metamorphic. Signup and view all the answers

What are substances that occur naturally in the Earth and are the building blocks of rocks?

Minerals. Signup and view all the answers

What are minerals or rocks from which metals can be extracted?

Ore. Signup and view all the answers

What is igneous rock formed on or just below the Earth's surface?

Volcanic. Signup and view all the answers

What is igneous rock formed under the Earth's surface?

Plutonic. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a volcanic rock?

Basalt. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a plutonic rock?

Granite. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Weathering

Weathering involves the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks.
Physical weathering occurs through natural processes, leading to fragmentation without altering mineral composition.
Chemical weathering involves chemical reactions that alter the minerals within rocks, such as the reaction of water and air with rock minerals.

Examples of Weathering

Sudden temperature changes can exemplify physical weathering, leading to cracks and breaking of rocks.
Chemical weathering can occur when water or air interacts with rock minerals, leading to chemical alterations.

Types of Rocks

Limestone is a rock consisting primarily of one mineral.
Granite is a rock that incorporates multiple minerals, showcasing its complexity.

Crystals

Diamonds, Rubies, Sapphires, and Emeralds are examples of naturally occurring crystals.

Rock Cycle

The rock cycle illustrates the transformation of magma into igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks before returning to magma.

Erosion

Erosion is the process where weathered materials are transported by wind, water, or glaciers.

Rock Types

Igneous rocks form from the cooling or hardening of magma or lava.
Sedimentary rocks arise from the cementing and hardening of sediments.
Metamorphic rocks originate from existing rocks transformed by heat and pressure.

Minerals

Minerals are naturally occurring substances in the Earth and serve as the fundamental building blocks of rocks.
Ores are minerals or rocks from which metals can be extracted.

Igneous Rock Subtypes

Volcanic igneous rocks are formed on or near the Earth's surface.
Plutonic igneous rocks are formed beneath the Earth's surface, typically resulting in a different texture.

Rock Examples

Basalt serves as an example of volcanic rock.
Granite is categorized as a plutonic rock, often characterized by its coarse grain.

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Description

This quiz covers essential terms and definitions related to weathering, including both physical and chemical processes. Test your understanding of how rocks break down through natural forces. Ideal for students looking to enhance their knowledge in Earth Sciences.