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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?
What is one of the key goals of Science, Technology, and Society education?
What foundational concept is Science, Technology, and Society built upon?
What are the two main parts that constitute the philosophy of science?
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Which philosopher emphasized Inductive Reasoning in the scientific method?
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What idea did John Stuart Mill and Francis Bacon propose about the inferred conclusion in scientific reasoning?
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According to Karl Popper's Deductive Reasoning, what does falsifying the experiment's outcome imply?
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What is the essence of Paul Feyerabend's Epistemological Anarchism?
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In the context of scientific realism, what does entity realism emphasize?
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Which view of science posits that scientific theories are merely instruments for solving problems?
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What does scientific antirealism argue about unobservable concepts like electrons and genes?
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According to Karl Hempel, how can conclusions be determined?
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Study Notes
Science, Technology, and Society (STS)
- Deals with interactions between science, technology, and social, cultural, political, and economic contexts
- Aims to engage students to confront realities brought about by science and technology in society
- Seeks to instill reflective knowledge and ethical decision-making in the face of scientific and technological advancement
- Includes mandatory topics on climate change and environmental awareness
Philosophy of Science
- Broken down into two parts: "knowledge" (scientific fields and their importance to society) and "epistemology" (methods and importance to knowledge formation)
Scientific Method and Justification
- John Stuart Mill and Francis Bacon: inductive reasoning, proposing that inferred conclusions are absolute and apply to everything else
- David Hume: problem of induction, questioning the reliability of inductive reasoning
- Karl Hempel: hypothetico-deductive method, emphasizing the importance of quantitative data and experimentation
- Rev. Thomas Bayes: Bayesian Confirmation Theory, providing numerical support to hypotheses using probability tools
- Karl Popper: deductive reasoning, requiring observations to formulate problems and falsifying experiments to test hypotheses
- Paul Feyerabend: epistemological anarchism, arguing that there is no single scientific method
Scientific Realism and Antirealism
- Scientific realism: epistemic view that the Universe, with its observed and unobserved concepts, is real regardless of representation
- Naïve realism: everything is true
- Structural realism: truth requires adherence to specific structures
- Entity realism: existence relies on tools providing evidence
- Scientific antirealism: epistemic view that unobservable concepts are inherently unverified
- Constructive empiricism: aiming to give a true story of the Universe based on observable aspects
- Instrumentalism: scientific theories are merely instruments for solving problems
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Description
Test your knowledge on the interactions between science, technology, and various societal contexts. Explore how STS seeks to engage students with real-world implications of scientific and technological advancements.
