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Questions and Answers
How does science impact societal views and self-perception?
How does science impact societal views and self-perception?
What role does society play in the development of scientific pursuits?
What role does society play in the development of scientific pursuits?
What was the primary managing agency for science and technology in the Philippines?
What was the primary managing agency for science and technology in the Philippines?
Which of the following individuals made significant contributions to Pediatrics in the Philippines?
Which of the following individuals made significant contributions to Pediatrics in the Philippines?
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What traditional practices were known among pre-Spanish Filipinos?
What traditional practices were known among pre-Spanish Filipinos?
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What is an example of sophisticated engineering from the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines?
What is an example of sophisticated engineering from the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines?
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Which of the following is true about the benefits and drawbacks of science on society?
Which of the following is true about the benefits and drawbacks of science on society?
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What contributed to the knowledge and practices of early Filipinos before Spanish colonization?
What contributed to the knowledge and practices of early Filipinos before Spanish colonization?
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What is the primary purpose of technology in relation to science?
What is the primary purpose of technology in relation to science?
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Which of the following represents key drivers of development due to science and technology?
Which of the following represents key drivers of development due to science and technology?
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What are the implications of the technological revolutions of the 21st century?
What are the implications of the technological revolutions of the 21st century?
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What does Science, Technology, and Society (STS) studies analyze?
What does Science, Technology, and Society (STS) studies analyze?
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Which statement captures the intertwined nature of science and technology?
Which statement captures the intertwined nature of science and technology?
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What role do science and technology play in developing countries?
What role do science and technology play in developing countries?
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What was a significant development in the field of Science and Technology studies during the 1960s and 70s?
What was a significant development in the field of Science and Technology studies during the 1960s and 70s?
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Which statement best describes the impact of science and technology on society?
Which statement best describes the impact of science and technology on society?
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What characterizes a paradigm shift according to Thomas Kuhn?
What characterizes a paradigm shift according to Thomas Kuhn?
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Which stage in Kuhn's Cycle represents a lack of a workable paradigm?
Which stage in Kuhn's Cycle represents a lack of a workable paradigm?
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What occurs during the Model Crisis stage of the Kuhn Cycle?
What occurs during the Model Crisis stage of the Kuhn Cycle?
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How does Kuhn's view of scientific progress differ from that of Popper?
How does Kuhn's view of scientific progress differ from that of Popper?
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What is the first step of the Kuhn Cycle?
What is the first step of the Kuhn Cycle?
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Why are paradigm shifts considered important in scientific disciplines?
Why are paradigm shifts considered important in scientific disciplines?
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What does Model Drift signify in Kuhn's theory?
What does Model Drift signify in Kuhn's theory?
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In Kuhn's framework, what is the relationship between different paradigms?
In Kuhn's framework, what is the relationship between different paradigms?
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What significant change occurred in the Philippine science governance in 1986?
What significant change occurred in the Philippine science governance in 1986?
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Which event marked an increase in the importance of science during Ferdinand Marcos' presidency?
Which event marked an increase in the importance of science during Ferdinand Marcos' presidency?
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What was the goal of the Science and Technology Master Plan created in 1988?
What was the goal of the Science and Technology Master Plan created in 1988?
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Which committee was noted for handling the least amount of bills related to science and technology?
Which committee was noted for handling the least amount of bills related to science and technology?
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How did the budget allocation for science change from 1988 to 1989?
How did the budget allocation for science change from 1988 to 1989?
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What was established by the Science Act of 1958?
What was established by the Science Act of 1958?
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What was a key priority mentioned by Corazon Aquino in her 1990 State of the Nation Address?
What was a key priority mentioned by Corazon Aquino in her 1990 State of the Nation Address?
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Which was the primary consequence of the Asian financial crisis on the budget allocation for science?
Which was the primary consequence of the Asian financial crisis on the budget allocation for science?
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What institution was founded during the Spanish Colonial Era and is recognized as the oldest existing university in Asia?
What institution was founded during the Spanish Colonial Era and is recognized as the oldest existing university in Asia?
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Which area did the Bureau of Government Laboratories focus on during the American Period?
Which area did the Bureau of Government Laboratories focus on during the American Period?
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What impact did the opening of the Suez Canal have on the Philippines during the Spanish Colonial Era?
What impact did the opening of the Suez Canal have on the Philippines during the Spanish Colonial Era?
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What was one notable reason for the neglect of industrial development in the Philippines during the American Period?
What was one notable reason for the neglect of industrial development in the Philippines during the American Period?
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What scientific advancement did the Spanish introduce to the Philippines besides formal education?
What scientific advancement did the Spanish introduce to the Philippines besides formal education?
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What agency replaced the Bureau of Government Laboratories in the Philippines in 1905?
What agency replaced the Bureau of Government Laboratories in the Philippines in 1905?
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Which aspect of science was not highly prioritized during the American era in the Philippines?
Which aspect of science was not highly prioritized during the American era in the Philippines?
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What was one outcome of the US Economic Survey to the Philippines in 1950 regarding scientific research?
What was one outcome of the US Economic Survey to the Philippines in 1950 regarding scientific research?
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What signifies the beginning of a Model Revolution?
What signifies the beginning of a Model Revolution?
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What is the outcome of a successful Paradigm Change?
What is the outcome of a successful Paradigm Change?
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How does a Model Crisis contribute to transformative change in a field?
How does a Model Crisis contribute to transformative change in a field?
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Which of the following represents a historical example of a Paradigm Change in society?
Which of the following represents a historical example of a Paradigm Change in society?
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What is a defining characteristic of the Kuhn Cycle?
What is a defining characteristic of the Kuhn Cycle?
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Which of the following models was impacted by a paradigm shift in the Natural Sciences?
Which of the following models was impacted by a paradigm shift in the Natural Sciences?
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Which of these represents a common misconception regarding the purpose of art before the Realist paradigm?
Which of these represents a common misconception regarding the purpose of art before the Realist paradigm?
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What was a significant consequence of the Reformation in terms of societal paradigms?
What was a significant consequence of the Reformation in terms of societal paradigms?
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Study Notes
Historical Antecedents of Science & Technology
- Historical events shaped the development of science and technology.
- Key developments are connected to societal changes and economic growth.
- Different time periods show distinct approaches to science and technology.
How is Science Used in Technology?
- Science is the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation.
- Technology applies scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
- Scientists use technology to conduct experiments.
The Role of Science and Technology
- Science and technology significantly affect daily life, communication, and economic activities.
- Technological and scientific revolutions drive economic progress, health improvements, and infrastructure development.
- 21st-century technology, like microprocessors, telecommunications, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, create new possibilities.
- Development comes from the convergence of related technologies.
- Science and technology have the ability to improve the lives of people in developing countries.
- They can differentiate economies that effectively address poverty from those that don't.
- These developments are drivers of growth, and include advancements in cognitive enhancement, therapies for cancer, and genetic engineering.
What Does Science, Technology, and Society (STS) Mean?
- STS studies how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation.
- This area examines how these advancements also impact society, politics, and culture.
Science and Technology Studies (STS)
- STS is a relatively new field that originated in the 1960s and 1970s.
- It emerged from a shift in focus in the study of science.
- A core assumption in STS is that science and technology are interconnected.
- These two fields are socially and politically influenced.
How Science and Technology Affect Society
- Science and technology have greatly affected society.
- They have made life easier and broadened the pursuit of social issues like ethics, aesthetics, education, and justice.
- Science's knowledge and scientific methods impact how individuals view the world and themselves.
- These effects are both positive and negative.
The Relationship Between Science and Society
- Science and technology significantly impact society, but society also influences science.
- Social factors influence scientific development, including pressure groups and social values.
History of Science and Technology in the Philippines
- Philippine science and technology have experienced growth and stagnation periods.
- Science and technology in the Philippines is overseen by the Department of Science and Technology.
- Many Filipino scientists in different areas like Pediatrics, Plant taxonomy, Tropical Marine Phycology, and Food Technology, have made contributions.
Pre-Spanish Era
- Filipinos had advanced knowledge of medicinal plants and extracted medicine.
- They had number systems, an alphabet, and developed methods of measurement.
- Farming, shipbuilding, mining, and weaving were prevalent activities.
- Examples of this era's innovations can be seen in the Banaue Rice Terraces.
Spanish Colonial Era
- Spanish colonization spurred growth in Philippine science and technology.
- Formal education and scientific institutions were introduced.
- Methods of agriculture and sanitation were advanced.
- Universities like the University of Santo Tomas were established.
Galleon Trade
- The Galleon Trade heavily influenced the Philippine economy during the colonial period.
- Trade was prioritized due to high profits.
- Agriculture and industrial development were often neglected.
- The opening of the Suez Canal led to an influx of European visitors to the Philippines.
American Period
- American rule saw continued progress in science and technology.
- The Bureau of Government Laboratories was established in 1901.
- The Bureau of Science replaced this later in 1905.
- The National Research Council of the Philippines was established in 1933.
- Science during this time was focused largely on agriculture, food processing, and related fields.
- Reports from the US indicated a lack of information needed, and limited resources for scientific research during the early years of US rule.
Post Commonwealth Era
- Science and technology gained importance during the Ferdinand Marcos presidency in the 1970s.
- The 1973 Philippine Constitution acknowledged the government's role in supporting science.
- A Science development program was introduced in the four-year development plan of 1974-1978.
- Funding for science and technology was increased.
- The National Science and Technology Authority replaced the National Science Development Board.
- The Presidential Task Force was created in 1988.
- The Congress did not pay much attention to scientific legislation in this period.
Paradigm Shifts in History
- Paradigm shifts represent significant changes in belief systems and provide new ways of understanding the world.
- They are essential in advancing scientific thought.
Kuhn's Paradigm
- Thomas Kuhn's work introduced the idea of a paradigm shift.
- These are fundamental changes in scientific approaches and underlying assumptions.
- A paradigm is a model for understanding how a field works.
Kuhn's Cycle
- The Kuhn cycle describes the process of scientific progress.
- The stages include pre-science, normal science, model drift, model crisis, model revolution, and paradigm change.
- These periods are important to better understand how science develops.
Society/Ethics
- Slavery used to be considered acceptable which is not the case now.
- The role of children in society has changed; child labor is now unacceptable.
- Concepts of male superiority and violence against women are no longer acceptable in many cultures.
- Control over information has evolved due to major inventions like the printing press.
- The Reformation affected the religious views of many.
Natural Sciences
- Darwin's theory of evolution, Plate Tectonics, and Einstein's theory of space-time are examples of paradigm shifts in scientific understanding.
Human Sciences
- Psychology and economics are influenced by paradigm shifts.
- For example, Sigmund Freud's theories about the subconscious revolutionized psychology, and government interventions in economics became increasingly commonplace.
The Arts
- The purpose of art is to reflect reality.
- The impact of Shakespeare and the evolution of musical styles like jazz and rock are examples of how societal, cultural, and historical standards influence the arts.
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Description
This quiz explores the intricate relationships between science, technology, and societal views, particularly in the context of the Philippines. It examines historical practices, significant contributions to Pediatrics, and the implications of technological advancements. Test your knowledge on how societal factors influence scientific endeavors and vice versa.
