G7 Term2 IS Chapter 2.2

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a substance that dissolves in a liquid?

  • Solute (correct)
  • Soluble
  • Solvent
  • Solution

Water is often referred to as a universal solvent because it can dissolve many different substances.

True (A)

What is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent?

Solution

In a sugar solution, sugar is the __________ and water is the __________.

<p>solute, solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following substances with their solubility in water:

<p>Sugar = Soluble Sand = Insoluble Table salt = Soluble Oil = Insoluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances are classified as insoluble in water?

<p>Oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All substances can dissolve in water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe substances that do not dissolve in water?

<p>insoluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water does not dissolve everything; some substances are __________.

<p>insoluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Soluble = Able to dissolve in water Insoluble = Not able to dissolve in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rate of dissolving when you stir a solution?

<p>It speeds up. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rate of dissolving when the solution is stirred?

<p>It increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The crystal sugar that dissolves faster is the whole piece of sugar.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically added to drinks to enhance sweetness instead of granulated sugar?

<p>syrup</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solute used in Joe's experiment?

<p>Sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

When stirring a solution, the independent variable is the ______.

<p>stirring speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ dissolving occurs faster when the temperature of the solvent is higher.

<p>rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each factor with its effect on the rate of dissolving:

<p>Stirring = Increases rate Higher temperature = Increases rate Larger surface area = Increases rate Lower temperature = Decreases rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when more sugar is added to a fixed amount of water beyond its solubility limit?

<p>Some sugar remains undissolved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sugar has a higher solubility in water than table salt and copper(II) sulfate.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the limit of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent?

<p>Solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Different substances have different __________ in water.

<p>solubilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following substances with their relative solubility in water:

<p>Sugar = High solubility Table salt = Moderate solubility Copper(II) sulfate = Low solubility Silica = Insoluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solubility of substance X as the temperature of the water increases?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At 30°C, approximately 40 grams of substance X dissolve in 100 cm³ of water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many grams of substance X can dissolve in water at 50°C?

<p>45 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

At 70°C, the solubility of substance X is approximately __________ grams.

<p>55</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the temperature to the corresponding solubility of substance X:

<p>20°C = 20 grams 30°C = 20 grams 40°C = 30 grams 50°C = 45 grams 60°C = 50 grams 70°C = 55 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance has the highest solubility in water at 25°C?

<p>Sugar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Copper(II) Sulphate is more soluble in water than table salt at 25°C.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solubility of sugar in water at 25°C?

<p>211 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solubility of table salt in 100 cm³ of water at 25°C is __________.

<p>37 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each substance to its respective solubility at 25°C.

<p>Sugar = 211 g Table salt = 37 g Copper(II) Sulphate = 22 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

What affects the solubility of a substance in water?

<p>The temperature of the solvent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT increase the rate of dissolving?

<p>Using smaller pieces of solute (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solubility is the unlimited amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define solubility.

<p>The limited amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water can dissolve all substances without exception.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the universal solvent and why is it referred to as such?

<p>Water; it is referred to as a universal solvent because it can dissolve many different substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solubility of most substances in water __________ as the temperature increases.

<p>increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to solubility with their descriptions:

<p>Solute = Substance being dissolved Solvent = Substance doing the dissolving Insoluble = Substance that does not dissolve in water Solubility = Amount of solute that can dissolve in solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rate of dissolving is affected by stirring, temperature, and the surface area of the __________.

<p>solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their effect on the rate of dissolving:

<p>Stirring the solution = Increases the rate Heating the solvent = Increases the rate Reducing solute size = Increases the rate Using a solid solute = May decrease the rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Solvent

The liquid that dissolves a substance (solute).

Solute

The substance that dissolves in a liquid (solvent).

Solution

A mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.

Dissolve

The process where a substance breaks down into tiny pieces that cannot be seen.

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Soluble in water

A substance that dissolves in water.

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Insoluble substances

Substances that do not dissolve in water.

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Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in water.

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Water as a solvent

Water can dissolve some things, but not all.

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Insoluble

Not able to dissolve in water

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Dissolving rate

The speed at which a substance dissolves in a solvent.

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Stirring

Mixing a solution to increase the rate of dissolving.

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Independent Variable

The factor that is changed by the researcher in an experiment.

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Hypothesis

A testable prediction about the relationship between variables in an experiment.

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Faster dissolving sugar

Crushed sugar dissolves faster in water than whole sugar.

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Dissolving rate factors

Stirring, higher temperature, and larger surface area of solute increase dissolving speed.

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Solubility of a solute

The maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a fixed amount of solvent at a specific temperature.

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Solubility Limit

The maximum amount of a solute that a solvent can dissolve at a certain temperature.

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Different Solubilities

Different substances have different maximum amounts they can dissolve in a given amount of water.

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Solubility of sugar

211 grams of sugar can dissolve in 100 cm³ of water at 25°C

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Solubility of table salt

37 grams of table salt can dissolve in 100 cm³ of water at 25°C

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Solubility of copper(II) sulfate

22 grams of copper(II) sulfate can dissolve in 100 cm³ of water at 25°C

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Different substance solubility

Different substances can dissolve in different amounts of water at the same temperature.

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Effect of temperature

Temperature affects how much of a substance dissolves in water.

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Temperature's effect on solubility

For most solids, solubility increases as temperature increases. This means more of the substance can dissolve in the solvent at higher temperatures.

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What happens to substance X at 30°C?

At 30°C, approximately 20 grams of substance X can dissolve in 100 cm³ of water.

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Directly proportional

When two quantities increase or decrease together at the same rate, they are directly proportional. In this case, the solubility of substance X and temperature are directly proportional.

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Graph interpretation

The graph shows the relationship between the solubility of substance X and the temperature of the water.

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What happens when you add a solute to a solvent?

A solution is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. For example, sugar (solute) dissolves in water (solvent) to make sugar water (solution).

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Why is water called the universal solvent?

Water can dissolve many substances, making it a universal solvent. This is because water molecules have a unique structure that attracts and surrounds many different types of molecules.

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What affects dissolving rate?

Stirring, higher temperature, and larger surface area of the solute all speed up the dissolving process. Think of melting sugar in hot water!

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Can water dissolve everything?

No, water cannot dissolve everything. Some substances like oil and sand do not dissolve in water.

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How to increase dissolving speed?

Stirring the solution, increasing the temperature, and increasing the surface area of the solute will all speed up the dissolving process.

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Solubility & Temperature

Solubility of most solids increases as temperature increases. More solute can dissolve in hotter water.

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Why substances have different solubilities?

Different substances have different chemical structures. The attraction between solute and solvent molecules determines solubility.

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Solubility of gases in water

Generally, the solubility of gases in water decreases as temperature increases. Think of a fizzy drink - the bubbles escape when it warms up.

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Solubility & Saturation

When a solution holds the maximum amount of solute it can, it's saturated. No more solute will dissolve.

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