Science Quiz on Liquids and Mixtures

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason that liquids are considered virtually incompressible?

The pressure applied causes them to expand significantly.

The particles have a great deal of space between them.

The particles are already packed closely together. (correct)

The particles are in a gas state.

What happens to gas particles when they are compressed in a sealed container?

They retain the same amount of energy but have less space. (correct)

They lose energy and stop moving.

They gain more space to move around.

They become liquid due to increased pressure.

What is a potential hazard of using compressed gas products?

They can only be used in open environments.

They should not be used in any tool.

They may explode when punctured or heated. (correct)

They are completely safe under all conditions.

Which of the following best defines a pure substance?

Made up of only one kind of matter with unique properties. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a compound?

Water (H2O) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a mechanical mixture?

Chocolate chip cookie (C) Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a solution?

A mixture that appears homogeneous (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a suspension, what happens to the particles?

They float on top and can be filtered out (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a colloid?

The particles are too small to separate (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a sugar water solution, which substance is the solvent?

Water (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mixtures is considered a homogeneous mixture?

Honey in tea (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one property of solutions?

They require a solvent and at least one solute (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about mechanical mixtures?

They consist of substances that can be separated easily. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a yellow triangle indicate when used as a hazard symbol?

Caution (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which WHMIS symbol represents 'danger'?

Red octagon (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to report hazards in a science activity?

To ensure everyone’s safety (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the orange diamond symbolize in WHMIS?

Warning (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of fluids?

Can flow and take the shape of their container (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a fluid?

Water (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can improper storage of hazardous materials lead to?

Accidental releases and explosions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done first in any science activity to ensure safety?

Follow the safety instructions provided (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic allows particles in solids to remain in fixed positions?

Strong attractive forces (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to particles in gases when a compressive force is applied?

They are pushed closer together (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which application demonstrates the property of flow in fluids?

Lubricating a door hinge (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a slurry primarily made of?

Water and solids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using oil-sand slurry in Syncrude's operations?

It minimizes the cost of transporting solids (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature is glass made fluid for shaping?

1000°C (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which state of matter has the strongest attractive forces between its particles?

Solid (B) Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurs when fluids become solids during production?

Solidifying into a fixed shape (D) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes fluids?

They flow and take the shape of their container. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is considered a fluid?

Air (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about solids in comparison to fluids?

They have a definite shape. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is false regarding fluids?

Fluids do not take on the shape of their container. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options does NOT represent a fluid?

Wood chips (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about how granulated solids behave compared to liquids when poured?

Granulated solids form a pile and do not spread out. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Particle Model of Matter help explain in relation to fluids?

The flow characteristics of liquids and gases. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of liquids compared to solids?

Liquids have no definite shape and flow freely. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a solution is described as unsaturated?

More solute can still be dissolved in the solvent. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a solution is saturated?

The maximum amount of solute has been dissolved in that volume of solvent. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

A solution that has exceeded the standard amount of solute dissolved. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible characteristic of a substance that is described as insoluble?

It does not mix with the solvent's particles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factors influence the solubility of a substance?

Type of solute, type of solvent, and temperature. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration if 300 g of solute is dissolved in 500 mL of solvent?

0.6 g/mL (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the solubility of gases is true?

Gas solubility typically decreases as temperature increases. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about a solute that is soluble in rubbing alcohol but not in water?

The solute has specific interactions with certain solvents. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Science Safety 1.1

Hazard symbols are used to warn of potential dangers
Hazardous materials have labels showing a symbol
The shape of the symbol indicates the type of hazard
A yellow triangle indicates caution
An orange diamond indicates warning
A red octagon indicates danger
The picture inside the symbol indicates the specific type of hazard
Examples of hazards include:
- Exploding bomb (for explosion or reactivity hazards)
- Flame (for fire hazards)
- Flame over circle (for oxidizing hazards)
- Gas cylinder (for gases under pressure)
- Corrosion (for corrosive damage to metals, as well as skin, eyes)
- Skull and crossbones (causing death or toxicity with short exposure to small amounts)
- Health hazard (may cause or suspected of causing serious health effects)
- Exclamation mark (may cause less serious health effects or damage the ozone layer)
- Environment (may cause damage to the aquatic environment)
- Biohazardous Infectious Materials (for organisms or toxins that cause diseases in people or animals)
- Electrical

WHMIS

WHMIS stands for Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
WHMIS symbols were designed to protect people using potentially harmful materials at work
WHMIS is a system for labeling potentially harmful products

Beirut Explosion (August 2020)

The Beirut Explosion in August 2020 was caused by improper storage of ammonium nitrate

Lab Safety Rules

Read all written instructions carefully before starting any activity
Listen attentively and follow instructions carefully
Wash hands thoroughly after each activity and after handling chemicals
Wear required personal protective equipment (PPE): safety goggles, gloves, apron
Think before touching anything. Equipment might be hot and substances may be dangerous
Smell a substance by fanning the smell toward you with your hand, keep your nose away from the substance directly
Do not taste anything in the lab
Secure your hair and clothing during the activity
Never pour liquids into containers held in your hands
Place test tubes into a rack before pouring substances into them
Clean up any spills immediately as instructed by your teacher
Look at test tubes and containers from the sides, not the top
Do not use broken or cracked glassware
Follow the instructions that your teacher has provided for disposing broken glassware
Label all containers with their contents
Report all spills and accidents promptly to the teacher

Properties of Fluids

A fluid is a substance that flows and takes the shape of its container. This can be a liquid or a gas
Fluids exhibit the property called flow
Examples of fluids include water, natural gas, milk, and air.
Solids do not flow. Granulated solids may form a pile, but they will not flow on their own

Particle Model of Matter

All matter is composed of tiny particles in constant motion. The particles of matter have spaces between them
In liquids and gases, the particles have large spaces between them, and the attractive forces are weaker, so the particles can slide past one another.
In solids, the particles have small spaces between them and the attractive forces are stronger, so the particles cannot slide past one another.

Lubricants

Fluids are often used as lubricants to reduce friction between moving parts
Example: you can apply a lubricant to a door hinge to reduce the friction

Slurries

A slurry is a mixture of water and solid particles
Slurry technology is useful for moving solids by mixing them with water
Example: transporting oil sands in pipelines

Matter Classification

Matter can be classified into pure substances (elements, compounds) and mixtures
- Pure substances cannot be broken down into simpler forms
- Mixtures are combinations of two or more pure substances
  - Mechanical mixtures (Heterogeneous mixture): the components are easily recognizable
  - Solutions (Homogeneous mixture): the components are fully mixed
Example: Chocolate chip cookie is a heterogeneous mixture; Saltwater is a homogeneous mixture

Concentration and Solubility

Concentration is a description of the amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent
Concentration can be described qualitatively: unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated
Saturated: maximum amount of solute dissolved in the solvent
Solubility Rate of substances depend on 3 factors:
- Type of solute
- Type of solvent
- Effect of temperature (Raising the temperature increases solubility for solids and liquids, but decreases solubility for gases)
Dissolving is the process where solute particles mix completely with solvent particles
Insolubility refers to substances that do not mix with a solvent
Substances in a solution are separated if they are insoluble and if they are soluble.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the properties of liquids, gases, and various mixtures with this engaging quiz. Explore the definitions and characteristics of pure substances, solutions, suspensions, and colloids to deepen your understanding of these scientific concepts.