Questions and Answers
How is the structure of a root adapted for its functions?
Roots anchor a plant and absorb water and minerals.
How are herbaceous stems and woody stems alike?
They both consist of phloem and xylem tissue as well as other supporting cells.
How are herbaceous stems and woody stems different?
Woody stems are strong and herbaceous stems are flexible.
How does the structure of the leaf help in photosynthesis?
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How does dispersal affect seeds' chances of surviving?
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Describe the structure and function of the male and female reproductive parts of a typical flower.
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What is a petal?
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What is germination?
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What is an embryo?
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What is transpiration?
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What is a sepal?
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What is pollination?
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What is a root cap?
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Describe how angiosperms are classified according to the length of their life cycle.
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What happens during fertilization?
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What are the steps in angiosperm reproduction?
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A fertilized egg is called a ___.
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When pollen lands on the stigma of a flower __ occurs.
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A ___ is a ripened ovary.
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The reproductive structure of a gymnosperm is the ___.
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Egg cells develop inside a structure called a ___.
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Study Notes
Root Structure and Function
- Roots anchor plants and absorb water and minerals essential for growth.
- The structure includes root caps that protect growing tips.
Stem Comparisons
- Both herbaceous and woody stems contain phloem, xylem tissue, and supportive cells.
- Woody stems are rigid and strong, while herbaceous stems are flexible.
Leaf Structure and Photosynthesis
- Leaves capture sunlight for photosynthesis, storing energy and producing food.
- Chloroplasts are primarily located on the top surface of leaves to maximize light absorption.
- Stomata allow the intake of CO2 and the release of oxygen.
Seed Dispersal and Survival
- Greater distances from the parent plant enhance survival chances due to reduced competition for sunlight and resources.
Flower Reproductive Structures
- Male reproductive parts: stamen consists of filament and anther.
- Female reproductive parts: pistil consists of stigma, style, and ovary.
Key Plant Terms
- Petal: Colorful leaf-like structure of a flower that attracts pollinators.
- Germination: Process where an embryo pushes out of a seed, beginning its growth.
- Embryo: Young plant that develops from a fertilized egg.
- Transpiration: Water evaporation from plant leaves, aiding nutrient transport.
- Sepal: Leaf-like structure that protects a flower bud.
- Pollination: Transfer of pollen from male to female reproductive structures.
Angiosperm Life Cycle and Reproduction
- Classification based on life cycle length involves the production of spores, egg cells, and sperm cells.
- Fertilization results in the formation of a zygote, which develops into a sporophyte.
- A fertilized egg is referred to as a zygote.
- During pollination, pollen lands on the stigma.
Additional Reproductive Structures
- A ripened ovary is known as fruit.
- Gymnosperms reproduce via cones, differentiating them from angiosperms.
- Egg cells develop within ovules.
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Description
Test your knowledge of plant structures with these flashcards. Each card focuses on key aspects of roots, stems, and their adaptations. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of plant biology.