Science Fundamentals Quiz

A specific measure used to ensure uniformity in comparisons.

The system of measurement used in the US. Some units include foot, mile, yard, pound, and gallon.

The system of measurement based on units of 10. It is also referred to as the SI System (International System).

The fundamental units for measuring length (meter), volume (liter), mass (gram), and time (second) in the metric system.

A process to convert from one unit to another within the same system, usually involving multiplying or dividing by powers of 10.

A series of logical steps for solving problems.

Gathering information and asking questions.

A possible explanation for an observation, tested through experiments.

A well-supported hypothesis that's been repeatedly tested and accepted by scientists.

A universal truth about how things work, with no exceptions.

The attractive force that holds atoms together.

A type of bond where valence electrons are shared between atoms.

A type of bond where valence electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.

A type of bond where valence electrons are shared by metal ions.

A substance that combines more than one metal.

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together, forming the smallest unit of a compound.

A combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.

A mixture of two or more substances physically combined, but not chemically bonded.

A bond formed by sharing one pair of electrons between two atoms.

A bond formed by sharing two pairs of electrons between two atoms.

A bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons between two atoms.

A system for naming covalent compounds based on prefixes indicating the number of atoms of each element.

A covalent compound formed by the combination of two elements.

The process of adding or removing electrons from an atom or group of atoms.

An atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electrons. They carry a positive or negative charge.

An ion with a positive charge, formed by losing electrons.

The state of matter where particles are closely packed but still slide past each other, allowing for fluidity.

The change of a substance from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state.

The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas.

The change of a substance from a gas to a solid.

The change of a substance from a gas to a liquid.

The central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons, much like the kernel of a seed.

A positively charged particle found within the nucleus of an atom.

A neutral particle found within the nucleus of an atom, alongside protons.

A tiny, negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

Electrons don't follow fixed paths, but instead travel within a region of space around the nucleus called an orbital. In this model, the region of space is where you're most likely to find an electron.

The most reactive group of metals. They have one valence electron and react violently with water.

Metals that are known for their strength, hardness, distinctive colors, and durability. They have one or two valence electrons.

A group of elements that are all metals and found in the middle of the periodic table. They are generally good conductors of heat and electricity.

A group of elements that don't fit neatly into other groups. They include both metals and non-metals, with varying properties.

These metals are harder and denser than alkali metals, but still quite reactive. They have two valence electrons.

Unique abbreviations for each element, based on their name or Latin name. They always start with a capital letter, and if they have a second letter, it's lowercase.

Show the types and numbers of atoms in a substance's basic unit. They use chemical symbols and subscripts for atom counts.

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means. It is represented by a unique chemical symbol.

Indicates the number of atoms of a particular element in a chemical formula. It is written as a subscript after the chemical symbol.

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together, forming the smallest unit of a compound.