Questions and Answers
Negative ions form when atoms _______ valence electrons.
gain
In the formation of an ionic compound, a metal atom is most likely to ____ valence electrons.
lose
Ionic compounds form because ______ charges attract.
opposite
What is the chemical formula for potassium sulfide?
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Name the following compound: MgO.
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What is an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge?
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What are ions that are made of more than 1 atom called?
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What is the attraction between 2 oppositely charged ions called?
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What do you call a compound formed when a metal joins a nonmetal?
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What is a group of symbols that shows the ratio of elements in a compound?
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What tells the ratio of elements in a compound?
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What is the symbol for iodide?
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What is the formula for bicarbonate?
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What is the symbol for nitrate?
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What is the symbol for oxide?
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What is the symbol for sulfide?
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What is the formula for carbonate?
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What is the formula for sulfate?
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Study Notes
Ions and Ionic Compounds
- Negative Ions: Formed when atoms gain valence electrons.
- Metal Atoms: Typically lose valence electrons during the formation of ionic compounds.
Ionic Bonding
- Attraction: Ionic compounds are created due to the attraction between opposite charges of ions.
- Ionic Bond: The force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions.
- Ionic Compounds: Result from the bonding of metals with nonmetals.
Chemical Formulas and Ratios
- Chemical Formula: A group of symbols representing the ratio of elements in a compound.
- Subscript: Indicates the ratio of elements within a compound.
Common Ions
- Potassium Ion (K⁺): Has a charge of 1+.
- Sulfide Ion (S²⁻): Has a charge of 2-.
- Potassium Sulfide: The chemical formula is K₂S, derived from the charges of its constituent ions.
Naming Compounds
- Magnesium Oxide: The chemical name for the compound MgO.
Types of Ions
- Ion: An atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge.
- Polyatomic Ions: Ions composed of multiple atoms.
Examples of Common Polyatomic Ions
- Iodide (I⁻)
- Bicarbonate (HCO₂⁻)
- Nitrate (NO₃⁻)
- Oxide (O²⁻)
- Sulfide (S²⁻)
- Carbonate (CO₃²⁻)
- Sulfate (SO₄²⁻)
Summary of Key Concepts
- Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons and the formation of ions with opposite charges.
- Chemical formulas provide a way to represent the composition of ionic compounds.
- Understanding the properties and names of common ions is crucial in chemistry.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the concepts from Science Chapter 4.2 with these flashcards. Learn about negative ions, valence electrons, and the formation of ionic compounds. Perfect for revising key terms and definitions!
